scholarly journals Microscopic Abrams–Strogatz model of language competition

2007 ◽  
Vol 374 (2) ◽  
pp. 835-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Stauffer ◽  
Xavier Castelló ◽  
Víctor M. Eguíluz ◽  
Maxi San Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Language Competition

French in early modern Norwich

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-451
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER JOBY
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
French Language ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
English Population ◽  
Language Area ◽  
Economic Necessity ◽  
Thomas Browne

ABSTRACTMuch has been written about the use of French in medieval England. However, with one or two exceptions, relatively little has been written about the language in early modern England. This article aims to provide an account of the use of French as an emigrant language in one of the leading provincial cities in early modern England, Norwich. From 1565 onwards thousands of people from the French-language area migrated to England as a result of economic necessity and religious persecution. Many of them settled in Norwich. As well as these immigrants and their descendants, there were Dutch immigrants in Norwich who spoke French as well as several well-educated individuals from the local English population such as Sir Thomas Browne. This article describes the varieties of French used in Norwich, including Picard, the emerging standard French and Law French. It then discusses how French operated in the multilingual environment of early modern Norwich under the headings of language competition, language contact, bilingualism, code switching, translation, and finally, language shift and recession. It adds not only to our understanding of French in early modern England but also to the literature on French as an emigrant language.

scholarly journals Olympiad in the English Language as a Form of Alternative Language Assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Bolshakova
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Task Types

Although a variety of the English language written olympiads (language competitions) exist, fairly little is known about how they are different from traditional forms of language assessment.  In Russia, olympiads in the English language are now gaining currency because they provide an opportunity to reveal creative thinking and intellectual abilities of pupils.  The present study examined major differences between language olympiads and traditional forms of language assessment.  A comparison of five main olympiads in the English language in terms of their levels, assessed skills and task types is made and their distinctive features are outlined.  The results of a testing of a new written olympiad of the Higher School of Economics “Vysshaya proba” (Highest Degree) in the English language are analyzed.  A set of test items was developed for 120 secondary school pupils in Moscow to find out whether they can easily cope with non-traditional form of assessment, which is language olympiad.  The results indicate that language competition as a form of alternative assessment may be introduced at schools to encourage better learning.

Spoken word processing in bilingual older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Titone ◽  
Julie Mercier ◽  
Aruna Sudarshan ◽  
Irina Pivneva ◽  
Jason Gullifer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Cross Language

Abstract We investigated whether bilingual older adults experience within- and cross-language competition during spoken word recognition similarly to younger adults matched on age of second language (L2) acquisition, objective and subjective L2 proficiency, and current L2 exposure. In a visual world eye-tracking paradigm, older and younger adults, who were French-dominant or English-dominant English-French bilinguals, listened to English words, and looked at pictures including the target (field), a within-language competitor (feet) or cross-language (French) competitor (fille, “girl”), and unrelated filler pictures while their eye movements were monitored. Older adults showed evidence of greater within-language competition as a function of increased target and competitor phonological overlap. There was some evidence of age-related differences in cross-language competition, however, it was quite small overall and varied as a function of target language proficiency. These results suggest that greater within- and possibly cross-language lexical competition during spoken word recognition may underlie some of the communication difficulties encountered by healthy bilingual older adults.

scholarly journals Helong Language in West Kupang District, Kupang Regency East Nusa Tenggara is Shifting Towards Death

2017 ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Gregorius Sudaryano ◽  
Made Budiarsa ◽  
I Made Suastra ◽  
Simon Sabon Ola
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

Research on language shift related to social factor is included in sociolinguistic research. This study is to examine the phenomenon of Helong language (HL) shift  in the District of West Kupang, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. HL shift is a product of language contact and language competition which is characterized by the use of HL by its speakers that is getting lower and switch to another more prestigious one. Therefore, the phenomenon of HL shift was analyzed based on the choice of HL language use in a domain that implies HL maintenance by its speakers among generations.   In order to get the expected data, this study involved 100 respondents consisting groups of 40 parents, 29 adults, and 31 children. The data obtained through data collection techniques were analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative methods. It was conducted based on the attitude of language in the dimensions of language loyalty, language pride, and awareness of language norms in the domains of family, education, customs, neighborhood, government, and religion referring to the level of HL maintenance.   The results showed that the phenomenon of HL shift in the District of West Kupang, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province reflected reducing number of intergenerational Helong native speakers in using their own language. The presence of Indonesian language (IL) intervening the use of language in the domains of education, government, and religion influencing the use of languages in the domains of family and neighborhood. Thus, HL is shifting towards death in the next generations.

Bucketed common vector scaling for authorship attribution in heterogeneous web collections: A scaling approach for authorship attribution

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayri Volkan Agun ◽  
Ozgur Yilmazel
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
English Language ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Authorship Attribution ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Turkish Language

Domain, genre and topic influences on author style adversely affect the performance of authorship attribution (AA) in multi-genre and multi-domain data sets. Although recent approaches to AA tasks focus on suggesting new feature sets and sampling techniques to improve the robustness of a classification system, they do not incorporate domain-specific properties to reduce the negative impact of irrelevant features on AA. This study presents a novel scaling approach, namely, bucketed common vector scaling, to efficiently reduce negative domain influence without reducing the dimensionality of existing features; therefore, this approach is easily transferable and applicable in a classification system. Classification performances on English-language competition data sets consisting of emails and articles and Turkish-language web documents consisting of blogs, articles and tweets indicate that our approach is very competitive to top-performing approaches in English competition data sets and is significantly improving the top classification performance in mixed-domain experiments on blogs, articles and tweets.

scholarly journals Demography and Language Competition

Human Biology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 181-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kandler
Keyword(s):  
Language Competition

Correlation between social and linguistic parameters in modeling language contact: evidence from endangered Finnic varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (221) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Markus ◽  
Fedor Rozhanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Language And Identity ◽  
Modeling Language ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Linguistic Level ◽  
Social Level

AbstractThis article discusses a case of language competition between two minority languages, Votic and Ingrian. We analyze the sociolinguistic situation in the contact area, and the contact-induced linguistic changes in both languages. Although the two languages had a very similar fate, and the same premises for language competition, Ingrian appears to have been more socially prestigious and was for a long period of time gradually replacing Votic. It is shown that the two languages chose different strategies for interaction. The Ingrians preserved their strong identity but transformed their language significantly, and thus achieved an easier understanding with their neighbors. On the other hand, the Votes were unwilling to adapt their language to contact influence, but shifted easily to their neighbors' identity. We suggest distinguishing between two types of volatility: social volatility, which describes the willingness of a nation to shift to a new language and identity; and linguistic volatility, which denotes the readiness of speakers to adopt innovations from a neighboring language. In minority vs. minority competition, the two types of volatility often demonstrate inverse tendencies: high volatility on the linguistic level corresponds to low volatility on the social level, and vice versa.

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