Clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions of antiepileptic drugs with new antidepressants and new antipsychotics

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 72-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Spina ◽  
Francesco Pisani ◽  
Jose de Leon
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
New Antipsychotics ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Drug

Clinically Significant Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions with Carbamazepine

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Spina ◽  
Franco Pisani ◽  
Emilio Perucca
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Drug

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Antiepileptic Drugs

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny S. Albright ◽  
J. Bruni
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Concurrent Disorders ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Multiple Drug Therapy

ABSTRACT:The problem of antiepileptic drug interactions is significant in that many epileptic patients are treated with multiple drug therapy. Moreover, patients may also be receiving additional medication for other concurrent disorders. Most drug interactions are pharmacokinetic, involving changes in absorption, protein binding, metabolism, or excretion. As a result, plasma levels of the antiepileptic drug may decrease leading to exacerbation of seizures. Alternatively, plasma levels may rise resulting in toxic side effects. Similar changes may also occur with drugs given for other disorders. In this paper, possible mechanisms of drug interactions are discussed. This is followed by a description of clinically significant interactions involving phenytoin, carbamazepine, barbiturates, valproic acid, benzodiazepines, and succinimides. Potentially serious drug interactions may be minimized by using as few medications as possible and by regularly monitoring plasma levels of antiepileptic drugs.

Pharmacokinetic Drug-drug Interaction of Antibiotics Used in Sepsis Care in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Yu ◽  
Zixuan Chu ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Rongrong He ◽  
Yaya Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Literature Mining ◽  
Human Pharmacokinetics ◽  
P450 Enzyme ◽  
Drug Drug Interaction ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Drug ◽  
Sepsis Care

Background: Many antibiotics have a high potential for having an interaction with drugs, as perpetrator and/or victim, in critically ill patients, and particularly in sepsis patients. Methods: The aim of this review is to summarize the pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction (DDI) of 45 antibiotics commonly used in sepsis care in China. Literature mining was conducted to obtain human pharmacokinetics/dispositions of the antibiotics, their interactions with drug metabolizing enzymes or transporters, and their associated clinical drug interactions. Potential DDI is indicated by a DDI index > 0.1 for inhibition or a treated-cell/untreated-cell ratio of enzyme activity being > 2 for induction. Results: The literature-mined information on human pharmacokinetics of the identified antibiotics and their potential drug interactions is summarized. Conclusion: Antibiotic-perpetrated drug interactions, involving P450 enzyme inhibition, have been reported for four lipophilic antibacterials (ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, trimethoprim, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) and three lipophilic antifungals (fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole). In addition, seven hydrophilic antibacterials (ceftriaxone, cefamandole, piperacillin, penicillin G, amikacin, metronidazole, and linezolid) inhibit drug transporters in vitro. Despite no reported clinical PK drug interactions with the transporters, caution is advised in the use of these antibacterials. Eight hydrophilic antibacterials (all β-lactams; meropenem, cefotaxime, cefazolin, piperacillin, ticarcillin, penicillin G, ampicillin, and flucloxacillin), are potential victims of drug interactions due to transporter inhibition. Rifampin is reported to perpetrate drug interactions by inducing CYP3A or inhibiting OATP1B; it is also reported to be a victim of drug interactions, due to the dual inhibition of CYP3A4 and OATP1B by indinavir. In addition, three antifungals (caspofungin, itraconazole, and voriconazole) are reported to be victims of drug interactions because of P450 enzyme induction. Reports for other antibiotics acting as victims in drug interactions are scarce.

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