Evolution of planetary boundary layer under different weather conditions, and its impact on aerosol concentrations

Particuology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiannong Quan ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Xuexi Tie ◽  
Junji Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions

scholarly journals Understanding the Major Impact of Planetary Boundary Layer Schemes on Simulation of Vertical Wind Structure

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jinyuan Xin ◽  
Yan Yin ◽  
Wenyuan Chang ◽  
Min Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vertical Wind ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Wind Field Simulation ◽  
Field Simulation

The structure and evolution of the atmospheric planetary boundary layer (PBL) plays an important role in the physical and chemical processes of cloud–radiation interaction, vertical mixing and pollutant transport in the atmosphere. The PBL parameterization scheme describes the vertical transport of atmospheric momentum, heat, water vapor and other physical quantities in the boundary layer. The accuracy of wind field simulation and prediction is one of the most significant parameters in the field of atmospheric science and wind energy. Limited by the observation data, there are few studies on wind energy development. A 3D Doppler wind LiDAR (DWL) providing the high-vertical-resolution wind data over the urban complex underlying surface in February 2018 was employed to systematically evaluate the accuracy of vertical wind field simulation for the first time. 11 PBL schemes of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) were employed in simulation. The model results were evaluated in groups separated by weather (sunny days, hazy days and windy days), observation height layers of wind field, and various observation wind speeds. Among these factors, the simulation accuracy is most closely related to the observation height layers of wind field. The simulation is fairly accurate at a height of 1000–2000 m, as most of the relative mean biases for wind speed and wind direction are less than 20% and 6% respectively. Below 1000 m, the wind speed and direction biases are about 30–150% m·s−1 and 6–30%, respectively. Moreover, when the observed wind speed was lower than 5 m·s−1, the biases were usually large, and the wind speed relative mean bias reaches up to 50–300%. In addition, the accuracy of the simulated wind profile is better in the range of 10–15 m·s−1 than other speed ranges, and is better above 1000 m than below 1000 m in the boundary layer. We see that the WRF boundary layer schemes have different applicabilities to different weather conditions. The WRF boundary layer schemes have significant differences in wind field simulations, with larger error under the complex topographies. A PBL scheme is not likely to maintain its advantages in the long term under different conditions including altitude and weather conditions.

scholarly journals Diurnal course analysis of the WRF-simulated and observation-based planetary boundary layer height

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Breuer ◽  
F. Ács ◽  
Á. Horváth ◽  
P. Németh ◽  
K. Rajkai
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Column Model ◽  
Boundary Layer Height ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Single Column ◽  
Single Column Model

Abstract. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) single-column model simulations were performed in the late summer of 2012 in order to analyse the diurnal changes of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Five PBL schemes were tested with the WRF. From the radiometer and wind-profiler measurements at one station, derived PBL heights were also compared to the simulations. The weather conditions during the measurement period proved to be dry; the soil moisture was below wilting point 85 percent of the time. Results show that (1) simulation-based PBL heights are overestimated by about 500–1000 m with respect to the observation-based PBL heights, and (2) PBL height deviations between different observation-based methods (around 700 m in the midday) are comparable with PBL height deviations between different model schemes used in the WRF single-column model. The causes of the deviations are also discussed. It is shown that in the estimation of the PBL height the relevance of the atmospheric profiles could be as important as the relevance of the estimation principles.

scholarly journals Detection of Upper and Lower Planetary-Boundary Layer Curves and Estimation of Their Heights from Ceilometer Observations under All-Weather Conditions: Case of Athens, Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2175
Author(s):  
Harry D. Kambezidis ◽  
Basil E. Psiloglou ◽  
Ariadne Gavriil ◽  
Kalliopi Petrinoli
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Experimental Modelling ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Temperature Inversions ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Afternoon Peak

The planetary-boundary layer (PBL) plays an important role in air-pollution studies over urban/industrial areas. Therefore, numerous experimental/modelling efforts have been conducted to determine the PBL height and provide statistics. Nowadays, remote-sensing techniques such as ceilometers are valuable tools in PBL-height estimation. The National Observatory of Athens operates a Vaisala CL31 ceilometer. This study analyses its records over a 2-year period and provides statistics about the PBL height over Athens. A specifically developed algorithm reads the CL31 records and estimates the PBL height. The algorithm detects an upper and a lower PBL curve. The results show maximum values of about 2500 m above sea level (asl)/3000 m asl in early afternoon hours in all months for upper PBL, and particularly the summer ones, under all-/clear-sky conditions, respectively. On the contrary, the lower PBL does not possess a clear daily pattern. Nevertheless, one morning and another afternoon peak can be identified. The intra-annual variation of the upper PBL height shows a peak in August in all-weather conditions and in September under clear-sky ones. Season-wise, the upper PBL height varies showing an autumn peak for all-weather cases, while the lower PBL height shows a winter maximum due to persistent surface-temperature inversions in this season.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of an Idealized Tropical Cyclone to the Configuration of the Global Forecast System–Eddy Diffusivity Mass Flux Planetary Boundary Layer Scheme

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Evan A. Kalina ◽  
Mrinal K. Biswas ◽  
Jun A. Zhang ◽  
Kathryn M. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Intensity Change ◽  
Rapid Intensification ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Stability Functions ◽  
Non Local ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Heat And Moisture

The intensity and structure of simulated tropical cyclones (TCs) are known to be sensitive to the planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization in numerical weather prediction models. In this paper, we use an idealized version of the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecast system (HWRF) with constant sea-surface temperature (SST) to examine how the configuration of the PBL scheme used in the operational HWRF affects TC intensity change (including rapid intensification) and structure. The configuration changes explored in this study include disabling non-local vertical mixing, changing the coefficients in the stability functions for momentum and heat, and directly modifying the Prandtl number (Pr), which controls the ratio of momentum to heat and moisture exchange in the PBL. Relative to the control simulation, disabling non-local mixing produced a ~15% larger storm that intensified more gradually, while changing the coefficient values used in the stability functions had little effect. Varying Pr within the PBL had the greatest impact, with the largest Pr (~1.6 versus ~0.8) associated with more rapid intensification (~38 versus 29 m s−1 per day) but a 5–10 m s−1 weaker intensity after the initial period of strengthening. This seemingly paradoxical result is likely due to a decrease in the radius of maximum wind (~15 versus 20 km), but smaller enthalpy fluxes, in simulated storms with larger Pr. These results underscore the importance of measuring the vertical eddy diffusivities of momentum, heat, and moisture under high-wind, open-ocean conditions to reduce uncertainty in Pr in the TC PBL.

Assessing the Influence of Aerosol on Radiation and Its Roles in Planetary Boundary Layer Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
Zhigang Cheng ◽  
Yubing Pan ◽  
Ju Li ◽  
Xingcan Jia ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Boundary Layer Development ◽  
Layer Development

SOLAR ECLIPSE EFFECTS OBSERVED IN THE PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER OVER A DESERT

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. EATON ◽  
J. R. HINES ◽  
W. H. HATCH ◽  
R. M. CIONCO ◽  
J. BYERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Solar Eclipse
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document