Characterization of the photon-number state of a narrow-band single photon generated from a cold atomic cloud

2019 ◽  
Vol 439 ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Gu ◽  
Ce Yang ◽  
J.F. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Band ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Atomic Cloud ◽  
Number State

scholarly journals Noise and Breakdown Characterization of SPAD Detectors with Time-Gated Photon-Counting Operation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5287
Author(s):  
Hiwa Mahmoudi ◽  
Michael Hofbauer ◽  
Bernhard Goll ◽  
Horst Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Dark Count ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Noise Models

Being ready-to-detect over a certain portion of time makes the time-gated single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) an attractive candidate for low-noise photon-counting applications. A careful SPAD noise and performance characterization, however, is critical to avoid time-consuming experimental optimization and redesign iterations for such applications. Here, we present an extensive empirical study of the breakdown voltage, as well as the dark-count and afterpulsing noise mechanisms for a fully integrated time-gated SPAD detector in 0.35-μm CMOS based on experimental data acquired in a dark condition. An “effective” SPAD breakdown voltage is introduced to enable efficient characterization and modeling of the dark-count and afterpulsing probabilities with respect to the excess bias voltage and the gating duration time. The presented breakdown and noise models will allow for accurate modeling and optimization of SPAD-based detector designs, where the SPAD noise can impose severe trade-offs with speed and sensitivity as is shown via an example.

Photon-number dependent cavity vacuum induced transparency and single photon separation

2018 ◽  
Vol 382 (44) ◽  
pp. 3156-3164
Author(s):  
Shuangli Fan ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Hongjun Zhang ◽  
Hong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Number ◽  
Induced Transparency
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