Depolarization of multiply scattered light in transmission through a turbid medium with large particles

2006 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.E. Gorodnichev ◽  
A.I. Kuzovlev ◽  
D.B. Rogozkin
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Light ◽  
Turbid Medium ◽  
Large Particles

scholarly journals The instrument constant of sky radiometers (POM-02), Part II: Solid view angle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Uchiyama ◽  
Tsuneo Matsunaga ◽  
Akihiro Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Solar Disk ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Scan Data

Abstract. Ground-based networks have been developed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of aerosols using sky radiometers. In this study, errors related to the solid view angle (SVA) of sky radiometers, which are used by SKYNET, were investigated. The SVA is calculated using solar disk scan data, the measured radiances around the solar direction in 0.1 × 0.1 degree increments. These measurements include the scattered light from aerosol and air molecules, as well as the direct solar irradiance, causing errors in the SVA calculation. The influence of these errors was evaluated with simulations. From the results of these simulations, if the aerosol optical thickness is less than 0.5 at 550 nm and the aerosol does not include large particles, such as desert dust particles, then its influence on the SVA calculation was less than 0.5 %. Problems with the software for the SVA calculation were also investigated. First, the data processing does not consider the change of airmass (solar zenith angle) during the solar disk scan measurement. In practice, if a measurement is made in the period when the change in airmass is small, then the error is small. Second, before starting data processing, the minimum measured value is subtracted from the measured values, resulting in underestimation of the SVA by 1 to 4 %. Thirdly, the values between 1.4 and 2.5 degrees are not properly extrapolated, resulting in overestimation of the SVA by 0.6 to 2.1 %. The second and third error sources partially cancel each other out, and the total error is an underestimation of 0.5 to 1.9 % of the actual value. Furthermore, the annual trend in the SVA was examined. In both the visible and near-infrared regions, this trend cannot be seen in 4 and 8 years of data, respectively. The seasonal variation of the SVA was also examined, but no clear seasonal variation could be detected.

scholarly journals Spatial coherence of forward-scattered light in a turbid medium

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhuei Yang ◽  
Kyungwon An ◽  
Lev T. Perelman ◽  
Ramachandra R. Dasari ◽  
Michael S. Feld
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Light ◽  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Turbid Medium

Influence of the inhomogeneity properties on the depolarization of multiply scattered light in a turbid medium

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii E. Gorodnichev ◽  
Alexander I. Kuzovlev ◽  
Dmitrii B. Rogozkin
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Light ◽  
Turbid Medium

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ADENOSINETRIPHOSPHATE UPON ACTOMYOSIN SOLUTIONS, STUDIED WITH A RECORDING DUAL BEAM LIGHT-SCATTERING PHOTOMETER

1956 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. H. M. Mommaerts
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Turbid Medium ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Physical Changes

A recording dual beam light-scattering photometer is described which permits kinetic studies involving changes in turbidity, and which is not, as are single photocell instruments, affected by the errors due to the attenuation of the scattered light within the turbid medium. With this method, a renewed study has been made of the physical changes occuring in actomyosin under the influence of ATP.

Spatiofrequency filter in turbid medium enhanced by background scattered light subtraction from a deviated laser source

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly B. L. Tsui ◽  
Glenn H. Chapman ◽  
Rongen L. K. Cheng ◽  
Nick Pfeiffer ◽  
Fartash Vasefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scattered Light ◽  
Turbid Medium ◽  
Laser Source

Combination of Annular Aperture and Polarization Gating Methods for Efficient Microscopic Imaging through a Turbid Medium: Theoretical Analysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Gan ◽  
S. Schilders ◽  
M. Gu
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Turbid Medium ◽  
Monte Carlo Program ◽  
Microscopic Imaging ◽  
Polarization Gating ◽  
Annular Aperture ◽  
Gating Method

Abstract: In this study, we investigate the principle of the annular aperture and polarization gating methods for microscopic imaging through a turbid medium using images simulated by a modified Monte Carlo program. Significant improvement in image quality is shown when thin annular apertures are used in the illumination and detection paths of a microscopic imaging system. The polarization gating method is proven to be an efficient gating method for selecting ballistic photons that carry the information of an object embedded in a turbid medium. We also demonstrate that the combination of the annular aperture and polarization gating methods is highly efficient in suppressing the scattered light in microscopic imaging through a turbid medium. It is also revealed that a pinhole used in a confocal microscope plays an independent angle-gating role.

The wustite-spinel interface

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
S.R. Summerfelt ◽  
C.B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Lattice Misfit ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Oxygen Sublattice ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Small Lattice ◽  
Coherent Interfaces

The wustite-spinel interface can be viewed as a model interface because the wustite and spinel can share a common f.c.c. oxygen sublattice such that only the cations distribution changes on crossing the interface. In this study, the interface has been formed by a solid state reaction involving either external or internal oxidation. In systems with very small lattice misfit, very large particles (>lμm) with coherent interfaces have been observed. Previously, the wustite-spinel interface had been observed to facet on {111} planes for MgFe2C4 and along {100} planes for MgAl2C4 and MgCr2O4, the spinel then grows preferentially in the <001> direction. Reasons for these experimental observations have been discussed by Henriksen and Kingery by considering the strain energy. The point-defect chemistry of such solid state reactions has been examined by Schmalzried. Although MgO has been the principal matrix material examined, others such as NiO have also been studied.

Advances in ultramicrotomy for physical sciences applications

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
G. McMahon ◽  
T. Malis
Keyword(s):  
Particle Surface ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Metal Wires ◽  
Frequent Problem ◽  
Specific Orientation ◽  
Diamond Knife

As with all techniques which are relatively new and therefore underutilized, diamond knife sectioning in the physical sciences continues to see both developments of the technique and novel applications.Technique Developments Development of specific orientation/embedding procedures for small pieces of awkward shape is exemplified by the work of Bradley et al on large, rather fragile particles of nuclear waste glass. At the same time, the frequent problem of pullout with large particles can be reduced by roughening of the particle surface, and a proven methodology using a commercial coupling agent developed for glasses has been utilized with good results on large zeolite catalysts. The same principle (using acid etches) should work for ceramic fibres or metal wires which may only partially pull out but result in unacceptably thick sections. Researchers from the life sciences continue to develop aspects of embedding media which may be applicable to certain cases in the physical sciences.

Magnetic resonance in the noise in the intensity of scattered light

1987 ◽  
Vol 153 (10) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii B. Aleksandrov ◽  
V.S. Zapasskii
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Scattered Light
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