scholarly journals “Is it Sjogren's syndrome or burning mouth syndrome? Distinct pathoses with similar oral symptoms”—a commentary

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-506
Author(s):  
Hamed Mortazavi ◽  
Fahimeh Anbari
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Burning Mouth Syndrome ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Burning Mouth ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Similarities and Differences Between Primary and Secondary Sjögren’s Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 800-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
GABRIELA HERNÁNDEZ-MOLINA ◽  
CARMEN ÁVILA-CASADO ◽  
FRANCISCO CÁRDENAS-VELÁZQUEZ ◽  
CARLOS HERNÁNDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
MARÍA LUISA CALDERILLO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Secondary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Objective.To define the clinical, serological, and histopathological characteristics of primary (pSS) and secondary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS).Methods.Fifty subjects with pSS and 300 with connective tissue diseases (CTD; systemic lupus erythematosus 100, rheumatoid arthritis 100, scleroderma 100) were selected randomly from our patient registry. Selected patients were assessed for fulfillment of the American-European Consensus Group criteria for SS using a 3-phase approach: screening (European questionnaire, Schirmer-I test, wafer test), confirmatory (fluorescein staining test, nonstimulated whole salivary flow, anti-Ro/La antibodies), and lip biopsy (H&E and immunohistochemical staining for anti-CD20 and anti-CD45RO scored by morphometry).Results.All patients with pSS and 65 with CTD met criteria for SS. Oral symptoms (pSS = 92% and secondary SS = 84%; p = 0.02), parotid enlargement (pSS 56%, secondary SS 9.2%; p < 0.001), and higher prevalence (pSS 82%, secondary SS 41%; p < 0.001) and titers of anti-Ro/La antibodies were more common in pSS. Extraglandular manifestations were similar in both groups, except for Raynaud’s phenomenon, which was more common in those with secondary SS (pSS 16% vs secondary SS 41%; p = 0.001). These results remained after 3 different sensitivity analyses. The prevalence of focal infiltration was also similar in both SS varieties; however, a higher B:T cell ratio and higher expression of CD20 cells (2922 vs 607.5 positive cells; p < 0.001) were observed in pSS.Conclusion.A higher frequency of oral symptoms and parotid enlargement and stronger B cell activity (autoantibody production and lymphocyte infiltration) were observed in pSS. Whether these results reflect a true difference between the 2 disease entities or derive from underlying variables remains uncertain.

scholarly journals Distorted Taste and Impaired Oral Health May Affect Nutritional Status in Patients with Sicca Complaints

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preet Bano Singh ◽  
Alix Young ◽  
Amin Homayouni ◽  
Lene Hystad Hove ◽  
Beáta Éva Petrovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Burning Mouth ◽  
Burning Mouth Sensation ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Senses of smell and taste, saliva flow, and dental status are considered as important factors for the maintenance of a good nutritional status. Salivary secretory rates, chemosensory function, burning mouth sensation, halitosis and dental status were investigated in 58 primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) patients, 22 non-Sjögren’s syndrome sicca (non-SS) patients, and 57 age-matched healthy controls. A significantly greater proportion of pSS and non-SS patients had ageusia, dysgeusia, burning mouth sensation, and halitosis compared to controls. Patients with pSS had significantly lower olfactory and gustatory scores, and significantly higher caries experience compared to controls. Patients with pSS and non-SS patients had significantly lower unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva secretory rates compared to controls. The findings indicated that several different aspects of oral health were compromised in both pSS and non-SS patients, and this may affect their food intake and, hence, their nutritional status. Although non-SS patients do not fulfill Sjögren’s syndrome classification criteria, they have similar or, in some cases, even worse oral complaints than the pSS patients. Further studies are needed to investigate food preferences, dietary intake, and nutritional status in these two patient groups in relation to their health condition.

scholarly journals Parotid Gland Biopsy as an Additional Diagnostic Tool for Supporting the Diagnosis of Sjögren's Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad S. Soyfoo ◽  
Xavier Catteau ◽  
Christine Delporte
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Sicca Symptoms ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. There are actually no diagnostic criteria for SS, but classification criteria based on the revised American-European criteria have been elaborated. These include subjective criteria: ocular and oral symptoms, and objective criteria: ocular, histopathological, oral, and serological signs. SS is considered if 4 of the 6 criteria are present, when histopathology or serology is positive, or if 3 of any 4 objective criteria are present. A patient presented with both ocular and oral symptoms and signs but did not meet the SS classification criteria. Indeed, no anti-SSA or anti-SSB antibodies were detected, and minor salivary gland biopsy was normal. To further understand the origin of the sicca symptoms, a parotid gland biopsy was performed and showed important lymphocytic infiltrates. This could account for the sicca symptoms and signs since parotid glands are one the major contributors to salivary flow. Therefore, parotid gland biopsy could be a useful asset for the diagnosis of SS.

scholarly journals Noninvasive Score in Classification Diagnosis of Sjögren's Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Jinquan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Background: To develop simple, practical classification criteria for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) without Labial Salivary Gland Biopsy (LSGB). Methods: In the new criteria (noninvasive score, NIS) set, classification as “definite SS” is based on the ocular and oral symptoms and signs, autoantibodies and the existence of autoimmune thyroid disease, which were calculated. Patients with a score ≥5 were classified as having definite SS and patients with a score <4 were supposed to be excluded from SS. For the patients with a score of 4, LSGB was suggested. Result: 76 patients with suspected SS were recruited between April 2013 and September 2014, 42 of which were definitive diagnosis of SS and 34 were excluded from SS. Sensitivity and specificity for the NIS criteria in the diagnosis of SS were 97.6% and 94.1%, respectively. The Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and Positive Predictive Value (PPV) to detect SS were 97.0% and 95.3% respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy was 96.1%. The area under the ROC curves (AUC; 95% CI) for NIS criteria was 0.959 (0.905-1.000), which performed better than the American-European Consensus Group’s (AECG) criteria and LSGB in the diagnosis of SS (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The NIS criteria are an alternative to the AECG criteria in classification diagnosis of SS, which are with high diagnostic efficiency. We recommend using a score <4 and ≥5 to rule out or to diagnose SS respectively. For the patients with a score of 4, LSGB is necessary and able to diagnose SS.

Correlation between Subjective and Objective Severity of Oral and Ocular Dryness in Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. jrheum.200907
Author(s):  
David Adam Ripsman ◽  
Arthur A.M. Bookman
Keyword(s):  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Primary Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Objective Testing ◽  
Oral Symptoms ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Objective Sjögren’s Syndrome is a common, autoimmune disease primarily affecting the eyes and mouth. With no single gold standard test for its diagnosis, accurate identification of patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome continues to be challenging. We aimed to assess the correlation of ocular and oral symptoms of dryness with objective measures in order to evaluate reliability in the screening of primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) in clinical practice. Methods We conducted a cross sectional analysis of pre-screened pSS and sicca control patients assessed in the Multidisciplinary Sjögren's Clinic at the University Health Network in Toronto. The signs, symptoms and objective measure of oral and ocular dryness and damage of each patient were prospectively recorded using a standardized protocol. Results Subjective measures of severity for xerophthalmia and xerostomia correlated in general with objective severity. Oral symptoms tend to have a stronger correlation with objective findings than ocular symptoms. Many patients with few or insignificant eye symptoms had profound ocular dryness and damage. Similarly, some patients with few or no symptoms of oral dryness had profound objective salivary hypofunction. The absence of symptoms does not rule out profound eye and mouth dryness or damage. Conclusion Although objective measures of xerostomia may not be practical for general population screening, it is crucial that practicing specialists perform objective testing of all patients suspected of pSS, instead of relying on symptoms. Without objective testing, the physician cannot ensure the diagnosis of pSS and that the existence of significant damage is not overlooked and left untreated.

The association of Raynaud’s phenomenon/syndrome with scleroderma and Sjögren’s syndrome – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (Supplement 73) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schlattmann ◽  
Höhne ◽  
Plümper ◽  
Heidrich
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Mixture Model ◽  
Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Raynaud’S Syndrome ◽  
Raynaud's Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Background: In order to analyze the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome in diseases such as scleroderma and Sjögren’s syndrom – a meta-analysis of published data was performed. Methods: The PubMed data base of the National Library of Medicine was used for studies dealing with Raynaud’s syndrome and scleroderma or Raynaud’s syndroem and Sjögren’s syndrom respectively. The studies found provided data sufficient to estimate the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome. The statistical analysis was based on methods for a fixed effects meta-analysis and finite mixture model for proportions. Results: For scleroderma a pooled prevalence of 80.9% and 95% CI (0.78, 0.83) was obtained. A mixture model analysis found four latent classes. We identified a class with a very low prevalence of 11%, weighted with 0.15. On the other hand there is a class with a very high prevalence of 96%. Analysing the association with Sjögren’s syndrome, the pooled analysis leads to a prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome of 32%, 95% CI(26.7%, 37.7%). A mixture model finds a solution with two latent classes. Here, 38% of the studies show a prevalence of 18.8% whereas 62% observe a prevalence of 38.3%. Conclusion: There is strong variability of studies reporting the prevalence of Raynaud’s syndrome in patients suffering from scleroderma or Sjögren’s syndrome. The available data are insufficient to perform a proper quantitative analysis of the association of Raynaud’s phenomenon with scleroderma or Sjögren’s syndrome. Properly planned and reported epidemiological studies are needed in order to perform a thorough quantitative analysis of risk factors for Raynaud’s syndrome.

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