Aqueous extract of tamarind seeds selectively increases glucose transporter-2, glucose transporter-4, and islets' intracellular calcium levels and stimulates β-cell proliferation resulting in improved glucose homeostasis in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 626-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushant Shivdas Sole ◽  
B.P. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Glucose Transporter 4 ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2 ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

scholarly journals Ontology of the apelinergic system in mouse pancreas during pregnancy and relationship with β-cell mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Strutt ◽  
Sandra Szlapinski ◽  
Thineesha Gnaneswaran ◽  
Sarah Donegan ◽  
Jessica Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2 ◽  
Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion

AbstractThe apelin receptor (Aplnr) and its ligands, Apelin and Apela, contribute to metabolic control. The insulin resistance associated with pregnancy is accommodated by an expansion of pancreatic β-cell mass (BCM) and increased insulin secretion, involving the proliferation of insulin-expressing, glucose transporter 2-low (Ins+Glut2LO) progenitor cells. We examined changes in the apelinergic system during normal mouse pregnancy and in pregnancies complicated by glucose intolerance with reduced BCM. Expression of Aplnr, Apelin and Apela was quantified in Ins+Glut2LO cells isolated from mouse pancreata and found to be significantly higher than in mature β-cells by DNA microarray and qPCR. Apelin was localized to most β-cells by immunohistochemistry although Aplnr was predominantly associated with Ins+Glut2LO cells. Aplnr-staining cells increased three- to four-fold during pregnancy being maximal at gestational days (GD) 9–12 but were significantly reduced in glucose intolerant mice. Apelin-13 increased β-cell proliferation in isolated mouse islets and INS1E cells, but not glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Glucose intolerant pregnant mice had significantly elevated serum Apelin levels at GD 9 associated with an increased presence of placental IL-6. Placental expression of the apelinergic axis remained unaltered, however. Results show that the apelinergic system is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cell progenitors and may contribute to β-cell proliferation in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Glucose homeostasis changes and pancreatic β-cell proliferation after switching to cyclosporin in tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-272
Author(s):  
Ana Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez ◽  
Javier Triñanes ◽  
Esteban Porrini ◽  
Silvia Velázquez-García ◽  
Cecilia Fumero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell

Tead1 Reciprocally Regulates Adult β-Cell Proliferation and Function to Maintain Glucose Homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongkyung Lee ◽  
Ruya Liu ◽  
Byung S. Kim ◽  
Yiqun Zhang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
And Function

SGLT-2 inhibitors: Ideal Remedy for Cardioprotection in Diabetes Mellitus.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshav Kumar ◽  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Arora
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Inflammation ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2 ◽  
Specific Medication ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: A chronic metabolic disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), is associated with various comorbidity due to cardiac complications that considerably decreasing the quality of life, but there is no specific medication for this. The recent developed drugs Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is), have action on diabetes as well as on kidney. Current research and studies have shown that SGLT2-Is attenuated the risk of cardiac complication associated with morbidity and hospitalization in diabetes patients. Introduction: Sodium glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT2) receptors are mainly situated in proximal tubule of nephron. About 90% of glucose concentration is reabsorbed by these receptors in the nephron. The advanced remedy for the management of DM is SGLT2-Is which inhibit or lower the reabsorption of glucose. Objectives: The present review explores the mechanistic principle and the clinical trial data of SGLT2-Is which further support cardioprotective effects associated with these medications. Methods: The review collaborates PUBMED, Google Scholar and Research gate databases, which were explored using keywords and their combinations such as sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, diabetes mellitus, cardioprotective effect, empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and several others, to create an eclectic manuscript. Results: SGLT2-Is showed improvement in diabetes as well as in cardiac complications. These medications decreased HbA1c levels to control hyperglycemia. The mechanism of action of these drugs showed reduction in cardiac oxidative stress, cardiac apoptosis and cardiac inflammation. Besides, SGLT-2-Is showed improvement in cardiac structure and cardiac function. Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs, SGLT2-Is have a protective effect against cardiac complications. This indicates that these medication could become first line therapy for cardiac patients with DM.

scholarly journals GABA promotes β‐cell proliferation, but does not overcome impaired glucose homeostasis associated with diet‐induced obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 3968-3984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Untereiner ◽  
Shaaban Abdo ◽  
Alpana Bhattacharjee ◽  
Himaben Gohil ◽  
Farzaneh Pourasgari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity

scholarly journals Herbal Medicines Targeting the Improved β-Cell Functions and β-Cell Regeneration for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Akurange Sujeevi Dammadinna Wickramasinghe ◽  
Pabasara Kalansuriya ◽  
Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Glucose Transporter 2 ◽  
Β Cell Function

There is an increasing trend of investigating natural bioactive compounds targeting pancreatic β-cells for the prevention/treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). With the exploration of multiple mechanisms by which β-cells involve in the pathogenesis of DM, herbal medicines are gaining attention due to their multitasking ability as evidenced by traditional medicine practices. This review attempts to summarize herbal medicines with the potential for improvement of β-cell functions and regeneration as scientifically proven by in vivo/in vitro investigations. Furthermore, attempts have been made to identify the mechanisms of improving the function and regeneration of β-cells by herbal medicines. Relevant data published from January 2009 to March 2020 were collected by searching electronic databases “PubMed,” “ScienceDirect,” and “Google Scholar” and studied for this review. Single herbal extracts, polyherbal mixtures, and isolated compounds derived from approximately 110 medicinal plants belonging to 51 different plant families had been investigated in recent years and found to be targeting β-cells. Many herbal medicines showed improvement of β-cell function as observed through homeostatic model assessment-β-cell function (HOMA-β). Pancreatic β-cell regeneration as observed in histopathological and immunohistochemical studies in terms of increase of size and number of functional β-cells was also prominent. Increasing β-cell mass via expression of genes/proteins related to antiapoptotic actions and β-cell neogenesis/proliferation, increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion via activating glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2) receptors, and/or increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels were observed upon treatment of some herbal medicines. Some herbal medicines acted on various insulin signaling pathways. Furthermore, many herbal medicines showed protective effects on β-cells via reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, there are many unexplored avenues. Thus, further investigations are warranted in elucidating mechanisms of improving β-cell function and mass by herbal medicines, their structure-activity relationship (SAR), and toxicities of these herbal medicines.

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