An energy-dense diet is cross-sectionally associated with an increased risk of overweight in male children, but not in female children, male adolescents, or female adolescents in Japan: the Ryukyus Child Health Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 486-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Yoshihiro Miyake ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Keiko Tanaka ◽  
Masashi Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Children

scholarly journals Macrosomic Neonates Carry Increased Risk of Dental Caries in Early Childhood: Findings from a Cohort Study, the Okinawa Child Health Study, Japan

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0133872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yokomichi ◽  
Taichiro Tanaka ◽  
Kohta Suzuki ◽  
Tomoki Akiyama ◽  
Zentaro Yamagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Association Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Mental Health, Substance Use, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyeon Kim ◽  
Melissa Kimber ◽  
Michael H. Boyle ◽  
Katholiki Georgiades
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective: To examine sex differences in the association between cyberbullying victimization and mental health (psychological distress and delinquency), substance use-related outcomes (drug and tobacco use, binge drinking), and suicide ideation among adolescents. Method: Data were obtained from the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS; 2013, N=10,272, grade 7 to 12). The sample for analysis included 4,940 students with a mean age of 15.1 years (43.3% male). A series of multi-level, binary, logistic regression models were conducted separately for female and male adolescents to quantify the strength of associations between cyberbullying victimization and study outcomes, after accounting for traditional forms of bullying and demographic covariates. Results: Female adolescents reported significantly higher prevalence of cyberbullying victimization (once, 9.4%; twice or more, 13.3%) as compared with male adolescents (once, 8.3%, twice or more, 7.8%). Exposure to cyberbullying victimization was associated with an increased odds for psychological distress, suicide ideation, and delinquency among both female and male adolescents (adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.76 to 4.63); although, the effects were more pronounced in females. Among females, but not males, the odds of reporting psychological distress, suicide ideation, and delinquency increased (in a step-wise fashion) with more frequent exposure to cyberbullying victimization. Cyberbullying victimization was associated with an increased odds of adolescent substance use only among females. Conclusion: Adolescents exposed to cyberbullying victimization demonstrate an increased odds of poorer mental health, substance use outcomes, and suicide ideation. The current study reveals increased risk among female adolescents as compared with male adolescents. These findings lend support for the need to develop and evaluate targeted preventative interventions specifically tailored for female and male adolescents.

Ontario Child Health Study Scales—Revised

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Boyle ◽  
David R. Offord ◽  
Yvonne Racine ◽  
Jan E. Fleming ◽  
Peter Szatmari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Study

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH REFERENCE TO GENDER

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Chandel ◽  
Seema Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Understanding Emotions ◽  
School Records ◽  
Better Than

The present study was undertaken to find out emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female adolescents. The sample consists of 82 students( 41 male and 41 female adolescents) from different schools in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. Emotional intelligence was assessed with the help of Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Singh and Narain (2014) and academic achievement score were taken from the school records. The results revealed that there exists a significant difference in emotional intelligence of male and female adolescents. It was found that there existed significant difference in academic achievement of female adolescents and male adolescents. The mean emotional intelligence of female adolescents was better than of male adolescents. On the dimensions of emotional intelligence, it was found that there was no significant difference between male and female adolescents on understanding emotions, empathy and handling relations dimensions of emotional intelligence; while it was reported that there was significant difference between male and female adolescents on understanding motivation dimension of emotional intelligence On the other hand, it was found that there existed significant difference in academic achievement of female adolescents and male adolescents.

scholarly journals Association of oral contraceptives and tubal ligation with risk of early natural menopause

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C R Langton ◽  
B W Whitcomb ◽  
A C Purdue-Smithe ◽  
L L Sievert ◽  
S E Hankinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Reproductive Factors ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Tubal Ligation ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Early Menopause ◽  
Natural Menopause ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract STUDY QUESTION What is the association of oral contraceptives (OCs) and tubal ligation (TL) with early natural menopause? SUMMARY ANSWER We did not observe an association of OC use with risk of early natural menopause; however, TL was associated with a modestly higher risk. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY OCs manipulate hormone levels, prevent ovulation, and may modify the rate of follicular atresia, while TL may disrupt the blood supply to the ovaries. These mechanisms may be associated with risk of early menopause, a condition associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other adverse health outcomes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We examined the association of OC use and TL with natural menopause before the age of 45 years in a population-based study within the prospective Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII) cohort. Participants were followed from 1989 to 2017 and response rates were 85-90% for each cycle. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Participants included 106 633 NHSII members who were premenopausal and aged 25-42 years at baseline. Use, duration and type of OC, and TL were measured at baseline and every 2 years. Menopause status and age were assessed every 2 years. Follow-up continued until early menopause, age 45 years, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, death, cancer diagnosis, or loss to follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs adjusted for lifestyle, dietary, and reproductive factors. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Over 1.6 million person-years, 2579 members of the analytic cohort experienced early natural menopause. In multivariable models, the duration, timing, and type of OC use were not associated with risk of early menopause. For example, compared with women who never used OCs, those reporting 120+ months of OC use had an HR for early menopause of 1.01 (95% CI, 0.87-1.17; P for trend=0.71). TL was associated with increased risk of early menopause (HR = 1.17, 95% CI, 1.06-1.28). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our study population is homogenous with respect to race and ethnicity. Additional evaluation of these relations in more diverse populations is important. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS To our knowledge, this is the largest study examining the association of OC use and TL with early natural menopause to date. While TL was associated with a modest higher risk of early menopause, our findings do not support any material hazard or benefit for the use of OCs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was sponsored by UO1CA176726 and R01HD078517 from the National Institutes of Health and Department of Health and Human Services. The work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The authors have no competing interests to report. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A

scholarly journals Mendelian randomization analysis of arsenic metabolism and pulmonary function within the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Scannell Bryan ◽  
Tamar Sofer ◽  
Majid Afshar ◽  
Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani ◽  
H. Dean Hosgood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Arsenic Metabolism ◽  
Percentage Point Increase ◽  
Point Increase ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Genotype Information ◽  
Rice Consumption

AbstractArsenic exposure has been linked to poor pulmonary function, and inefficient arsenic metabolizers may be at increased risk. Dietary rice has recently been identified as a possible substantial route of exposure to arsenic, and it remains unknown whether it can provide a sufficient level of exposure to affect pulmonary function in inefficient metabolizers. Within 12,609 participants of HCHS/SOL, asthma diagnoses and spirometry-based measures of pulmonary function were assessed, and rice consumption was inferred from grain intake via a food frequency questionnaire. After stratifying by smoking history, the relationship between arsenic metabolism efficiency [percentages of inorganic arsenic (%iAs), monomethylarsenate (%MMA), and dimethylarsinate (%DMA) species in urine] and the measures of pulmonary function were estimated in a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach (genotype information from an Illumina HumanOmni2.5-8v1-1 array), focusing on participants with high inferred rice consumption. Among never-smoking high inferred consumers of rice (n = 1395), inefficient metabolism was associated with past asthma diagnosis and forced vital capacity below the lower limit of normal (LLN) (OR 1.40, p = 0.0212 and OR 1.42, p = 0.0072, respectively, for each percentage-point increase in %iAs; OR 1.26, p = 0.0240 and OR 1.24, p = 0.0193 for %MMA; OR 0.87, p = 0.0209 and OR 0.87, p = 0.0123 for the marker of efficient metabolism, %DMA). Among ever-smoking high inferred consumers of rice (n = 1127), inefficient metabolism was associated with peak expiratory flow below LLN (OR 1.54, p = 0.0108/percentage-point increase in %iAs, OR 1.37, p = 0.0097 for %MMA, and OR 0.83, p = 0.0093 for %DMA). Less efficient arsenic metabolism was associated with indicators of pulmonary dysfunction among those with high inferred rice consumption, suggesting that reductions in dietary arsenic could improve respiratory health.

Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance Across Sex of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale in Chinese adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097263
Author(s):  
Meilin Di ◽  
Xinping Deng ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Feng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Latent Mean Differences ◽  
Emotional Appraisal ◽  
Mean Differences

The aim of this study was to validate the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) in Chinese adolescents by examining factor structure, sex-related measurement invariance and latent mean differences, reliability, and criterion-related validity.A total of 1674 Chinese adolescents aged 12–17 years old (Mage = 15.26, SD = .58) were recruited. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the four-factor model of the WLEIS as the best fit to the data. Multi-group CFA suggested that the measurement structure of the WLEIS was invariant across sex. Testing for the latent mean differences showed that male adolescents scored lower on the Other-Emotional Appraisal subscale, but scored higher on the Regulation of Emotion subscale than female adolescents. Furthermore, all the subscales of male and female adolescents had satisfactory composite reliability. Finally, the WLEIS had favorable criterion-related validity with self-esteem, life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect and perceived stress. These findings suggested that the WLEIS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing trait emotional intelligence of adolescents and can be generalized across sex.

scholarly journals Psycho-social factors associated with high depressive symptomatology in female adolescents and gender difference in adolescent depression: an epidemiological survey in China’s Hubei Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhe Sun ◽  
Junhua Mei ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Zhou Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Exploring etiological clues to adolescent depression, especially in female adolescents, might be helpful to improve the social environment of female adolescents. The aim at this study is to explore psycho-social factors of female adolescents with high depressive symptomatology and gender differences in depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Method We examined 4100 adolescents from Wuhan city and Jianli county via a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptomatology was screened through the Chinese version of Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the factors related to high depressive symptomatology in female and male adolescents, respectively. Results The prevalence of high depressive symptomatology in female and male were 38.9 and 30.2% respectively. The psycho-social factors of high depressive symptomatology in female adolescents were age (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.201, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.076 ~ 1.341), single parent family (aOR = 2.004, 95%CI, 1.448 ~ 2.772) and fathers’ education level (compared to primary school and below, [Junior middle school, aOR = 0.641, 95%CI, 0.439 ~ 0.934; Senior middle school, aOR = 0.603, 95%CI, 0.410 ~ 0.888; College degree and above, aOR = 0.639, 95%CI, 0.437 ~ 0.936]). Conclusion Fathers’ education level was associated with high depressive symptomatology in female adolescents. Female adolescents whose father with primary school education or below deserves more attention. Further epidemiologic researches need to be conducted to explore the different risk factors between female and male adolescents in China.

Information sources about face-to-face meetings with people from the Internet: Gendered influence on adolescents’ risk perception and behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110148
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Mýlek ◽  
Lenka Dedkova ◽  
David Smahel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
News Media ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Adolescents commonly make new social connections online that sometimes result in face-to-face meetings. Despite potential benefits, risk-focused discourse dominates public debates and shapes information shared by sources important for adolescents—news media, preventive programs, peers, parents, and teachers. Our study examines how information about face-to-face meetings from these sources relates to adolescents’ risk perception and engagement in such meetings. Using a sample of 707 Czech adolescents (aged 11–16 years, 46% male), we analyzed these effects for male and female adolescents to reflect the gendered nature of the risk-focused discourse. Male adolescents’ risk perception was not affected by information from any source. Female adolescents’ risk perception was negatively affected by information peers with prior experience with face-to-face meetings but not by other information sources. Female adolescents also perceived face-to-face meetings as riskier in general. We discuss gender differences and the limited impact of information sources on risk perception and provide practical recommendations.

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