Vegetarianism, vitamin B12 status, and insulin resistance in a group of predominantly overweight/obese South Asian women

Nutrition ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl S. Gammon ◽  
Pamela R. von Hurst ◽  
Jane Coad ◽  
Rozanne Kruger ◽  
Welma Stonehouse
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women

Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels in South Asian women with growthretarded fetuses

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055-1055
Author(s):  
Bo Lindblad ◽  
Shakila Zaman ◽  
Aisha Malik ◽  
Helena Martin ◽  
Anna Mia Ekström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women

scholarly journals Gestational diabetes, insulin resistance and physical activity in pregnancy in a multi-ethnic population – a public health perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Karen Jenum ◽  
Kåre Rønn Richardsen ◽  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
Kjersti Mørkrid
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Iadpsg Criteria ◽  
Β Cell Function

Aims: To summarize findings from the STORK-Groruddalen Study regarding ethnic differences in the prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) by the WHO and modified International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria (no one hour value), insulin resistance, β-cell function and physical activity (PA) level. Methods: Population-based cohort study of 823 healthy pregnant women (59% ethnic minorities). Data from questionnaires, fasting blood samples, anthropometrics and objectively recorded PA level (SenseWear Armband), were collected at <20 (Visit 1) and 28±2 (Visit 2) weeks of gestation. The 75-g OGTT was performed at Visit 2. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β) were estimated from venous fasting plasma glucose and C-peptide. Results: The GDM prevalence was 13.0% with the WHO and 31.5% with the IADPSG criteria. The ethnic minority women, especially South Asians, had highest figures. South and East Asian women had highest HOMA-IR at Visit 1 after adjustment for BMI. HOMA-IR increased from Visit 1 to Visit 2 irrespective of ethnic origin. Compared with Western European women, the absolute and percentage increase in HOMA-β from Visit 1 to Visit 2 was poorest for the South and East Asian women. All ethnic groups walked less and spent less time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during weekend days compared with weekdays. South Asian women were least active, measured by steps and by time spent in MVPA. Conclusion: Alarmingly high rates of GDM were found, highest among South Asians. South Asian women were less physically active, more insulin resistant and showed poorer β-cell compensation compared with Western Europeans.

Folate, Vitamin B12, and Homocysteine Levels in South Asian Women with Growth-retarded Fetuses

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Lindblad ◽  
Shakila Zaman ◽  
Aisha Malik ◽  
Helena Martin ◽  
Anna Mia Ekstr??m ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women

Folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels in South Asian women with growth-retarded fetuses

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Lindblad ◽  
Shakila Zaman ◽  
Aisha Malik ◽  
Helena Martin ◽  
Anna Mia Ekström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Profiles amongst Women in a Multiethnic Population in Inner City Britain: A Potential Impact of Anaemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Chackathayil ◽  
Jeetesh V. Patel ◽  
Paramjit S. Gill ◽  
Rahul Potluri ◽  
Ammar Natalwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
South Asian ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Multiethnic Population ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

The risk of diabetes is markedly reduced in men with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The nature of this relationship in women is not clear, nor is there information about the influence of ethnicity, given the increased susceptibility of diabetes amongst South Asians and Afro-Caribbeans. We reviewed 3563 patients with a diagnosis of anaemia from 2000 to 2007. The age-adjusted prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and IDA was calculated, together with cardiovascular comorbidities amongst Caucasians, South Asians, and Afro-Caribbeans. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (women only) or IDA was markedly higher in South Asians compared to Caucasians and Afro-Caribbeans. Among women with IDA, diabetes was more prevalent among South Asians (45%, 95% CI 39.0–51.0) compared to Caucasians (3.0%, 2.1–4.0);P<0.001. Among South Asian women with vitamin B12 deficiency, the prevalence of diabetes was reduced 8.5% (5.2–12.0). South Asian women with vitamin B12 deficiency had a higher prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), but this relationship was reversed in IDA. IDA is associated with a greater prevalence of diabetes in South Asian women, but it is not coordinated by a greater risk of macrovascular complications. Given the cardiovascular impact of diabetes in South Asians, this association merits further study in relation to its pathophysiological implication.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in South Asian women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shengir ◽  
Srinivasan Krishnamurthy ◽  
Peter Ghali ◽  
Marc Deschenes ◽  
Philip Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Liver Fibrosis

Abstract Background & Aims: Polycystic ovary disease (PCOS) may be a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to common pathogenetic pathways, including insulin resistance and obesity. Both PCOS and NAFLD are more severe in South Asian women. Data on NAFLD in South Asian women with PCOS are lacking.Methods: We investigated prevalence and predictors of NAFLD and liver fibrosis by transient elastography (TE) with associated controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in PCOS patients from South Asia, through a routine screening program. NAFLD was defined as CAP >288 dB/m. Significant liver fibrosis (stage 2 and higher out of 4) was defined as TE measurement >8.0 kPa. Elevated ALT was defined as ALT >24 IU/L, as per upper limit of normal reported in South Asian women. Hyperandrogenism was defined as free androgen index >5. Predictors of NAFLD were determined by logistic regression analysis.Results: 101 PCOS patients (mean age 36.3 years) with no significant alcohol intake or viral hepatitis were included. Prevalence of NAFLD and significant liver fibrosis was 39.6% and 6.9%, respectively. Elevated ALT was observed in 40.0% and 11.5% of patients with and without NAFLD, respectively. After adjusting for duration of PCOS and insulin resistance measured by HOMA-IR, independent predictors of NAFLD were higher BMI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.30, 95% CI 1.13-1.52), hyperandrogenism (aOR 5.32, 95% CI 1.56-18.17) and elevated ALT (aOR 3.54, 95% CI 1.10-11.47). Lifetime cardiovascular risk was higher in patients with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD (0.31+0.11 vs. 0.26+0.13).Conclusions: Despite their young age, NAFLD diagnosed by TE with CAP is a frequent comorbidity in South Asian women with PCOS and is strongly associated with higher BMI and hyperandrogenism. Non-invasive screening strategies could help early diagnosis and initiation of interventions, including counselling on weight loss, cardiovascular risk stratification and linkage to hepatology care where appropriate.

scholarly journals Vitamin D supplementation reduces insulin resistance in South Asian women living in New Zealand who are insulin resistant and vitamin D deficient – a randomised, placebo-controlled trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela R. von Hurst ◽  
Welma Stonehouse ◽  
Jane Coad
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
Insulin Resistant

Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been shown to correlate with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Small, observational studies suggest an action for vitamin D in improving insulin sensitivity and/or insulin secretion. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of improved vitamin D status on insulin resistance (IR), utilising randomised, controlled, double-blind intervention administering 100 μg (4000 IU) vitamin D3 (n 42) or placebo (n 39) daily for 6 months to South Asian women, aged 23–68 years, living in Auckland, New Zealand. Subjects were insulin resistant – homeostasis model assessment 1 (HOMA1)>1·93 and had serum 25(OH)D concentration < 50 nmol/l. Exclusion criteria included diabetes medication and vitamin D supplementation >25 μg (1000 IU)/d. The HOMA2 computer model was used to calculate outcomes. Median (25th, 75th percentiles) serum 25(OH)D3 increased significantly from 21 (11, 40) to 75 (55, 84) nmol/l with supplementation. Significant improvements were seen in insulin sensitivity and IR (P = 0·003 and 0·02, respectively), and fasting insulin decreased (P = 0·02) with supplementation compared with placebo. There was no change in C-peptide with supplementation. IR was most improved when endpoint serum 25(OH)D reached ≥ 80 nmol/l. Secondary outcome variables (lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein) were not affected by supplementation. In conclusion, improving vitamin D status in insulin resistant women resulted in improved IR and sensitivity, but no change in insulin secretion. Optimal vitamin D concentrations for reducing IR were shown to be 80–119 nmol/l, providing further evidence for an increase in the recommended adequate levels. Registered Trial No. ACTRN12607000642482.

(Un)Settling Imagined Lands

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-208
Author(s):  
Kakali Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
South Asian Women ◽  
The South ◽  
Global North ◽  
Research Praxis ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
Academic Discourses

De/colonial methodologies and ontoepistemologies have gained popularity in the academic discourses emerging from Global North perspectives over the last decade. However, such perspectives often erase the broader global agenda of de/colonizing research, praxis, and activism that could be initiated and engaged with beyond the issue of land repatriation, as that is not the only agenda in de/colonial initiatives. In this chapter, I coin a framework, Par/Des(i), with six tenets, and offer three actionable methodological turns grounded in transnational de/colonial ontoepistemologies. I locate, situate, and trace the Par/Des(i) framework within the South Asian diasporic discourses and lived realities as evidenced from my empirical work with transnational South Asian women, my community, and my colleagues. Therefore, I offer possibilities of being, knowing, and enacting de/colonizing methodologies in our work, when engaging with the Par/Des(i) framework, with an invitation for an expanded conversation.

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