Postoperative loss of skeletal muscle mass, complications and quality of life in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Nutrition ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenny M.W. van Venrooij ◽  
Hein J. Verberne ◽  
Rien de Vos ◽  
Mieke M.M.J. Borgmeijer-Hoelen ◽  
Paul A.M. van Leeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass

scholarly journals Characterization of Sarcopenia in an IBD Population Attending an Italian Gastroenterology Tertiary Center

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pizzoferrato ◽  
Roberto de Sire ◽  
Fabio Ingravalle ◽  
Maria Chiara Mentella ◽  
Valentina Petito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

(1) Background: There is growing interest in the assessment of muscular mass in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as sarcopenia is associated with important outcomes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the percentage of sarcopenia in IBD patients, characterizing methods for assessment and clinical symptoms associated to it. (2) Methods: Consecutive IBD patients accessing the Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) were enrolled. Healthy patients, elderly or elderly sarcopenic patients, were enrolled as controls. Skeletal muscle mass was evaluated by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) or Bio-Impedensometric Analysis (BIA). Asthenia degree was assessed by subjective visual analogue scales (VAS). Quality of life was measured by the EQ-5D questionnaire. (3) Results: Patients with IBD showed a significant reduction in skeletal muscle mass than healthy controls with lower DEXA and BIA parameters. Moreover, IBD patients presented a lower perception of muscle strength with a higher incidence of asthenia and reduction in quality of life when compared with healthy controls. A significant association between loss in skeletal muscle mass and high asthenia degree was found, configuring a condition of sarcopenia in about one third of patients with IBD. (4) Conclusions: Sarcopenia is common in IBD patients and it is associated with fatigue perception as well as a reduction in quality of life. Therefore, routine assessment of nutritional status and body composition should be a cornerstone in clinical practice, bringing gastroenterologists and nutritionists closer together for a compact, defined picture.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sarcopenia in long-lived elderly patients: comparison between the Muscle Mass Index and the Calf Circumference

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Isadora Cecília Salgado Gama ◽  
Sergio Chociay Junior ◽  
Mariana de Paula Santana ◽  
Nadine Motta Figueiredo ◽  
Nathália de Oliveira Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Calf Circumference ◽  
Extreme Longevity

The increase in life expectancy, observed in several countries, including Brazil, is due to improvements in living and health conditions and the epidemiological transition from the causes of morbidity and mortality, from infectious and parasitic diseases to chronic diseases. Furthermore, an increase in longevity, in addition to advances in science, with the improvement of diagnoses and the search for new treatments contributed to the increase in years lived1,2. However, the aging process is associated with a decrease in organic functions over the years. Sarcopenia is considered a complex geriatric syndrome and is defined as an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and function2. It is a major public health concern because it can result in functional decline, disability, falls, increased hospitalization costs, poor quality of life, and even deaths3. Although Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is the most used method to estimate the loss of muscle mass4 the high cost and low viability hinder its use in Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods such as Muscle Mass Index (MMI) and Calf Circumference (CC) can be used replacing DXA due to ease of access and application as well as low cost5. The Academic League of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Três Lagoas Campus, Federal Univeristy of Mato Grosso do Sul designed and executed a research intending to evaluate several aspects in elderly people with extreme longevity. One of the variables analyzed was sarcopenia, which was evaluated and compared using MMI and CC. For this purpose, a cross-sectional and quantitative study was performed in 2019/2020, with n = 69 individuals aged ≥ 90 years, of both genders, users of the Unified Health System in the town of Três Lagoas – MS. A sociodemographic questionnaire containing gender, age, and years of schooling was applied. Anthropometric data (CC and MMI) were collected in triplicate. The skeletal muscle mass was determined using the formula of Lee and collaborators which considers age, body mass, gender, ethnicity and height5. The values of MMI ​​of Janssen and collaborators were used as a reference to classify whether the nonagenarian or centenarians were sarcopenic or not6. For CC, a cutoff score ≤ 31 centimeters was adopted as a sign of sarcopenia7. The interviewed elderly had an average age of 93.5 years old, 1.3 years of schooling and 52.2% of the participants were women. The average CC was 31.2 centimeters, with 46.1% being considered sarcopenic patients according to this parameter. The average MMI was 5.1 kg/m2, with 100% of the elderly patients being considered sarcopenic through this method. There was no relationship between CC and MMI (p = 0.213). The high rates of sarcopenia found, especially using MMI and the absence of a relationship between the CC and MMI highlights the need to use more reliable methods to evaluate sarcopenia in long-lived elderly people, since the identification from CC, despite being easy and fast, may not be sensitive in this age group. These findings also lead to considering the use of more specific methods or those associated with other variables, such as Timed up and Go (TUG), for the evaluation of sarcopenia in the elderly aged 90 years or over. Future investigations should  consider the importance of validating specific instruments for elderly people in extreme longevity, as they constitute a group that has unique characteristics. The screening, monitoring, and health promotion carried out by PHC teams can promote the improvement in the quality of life of elderly people in extreme longevity.

Relationships between changes in the skeletal muscle mass index and number of days needed for independent gait after cardiac surgery

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakajima ◽  
M. Morishita ◽  
S. Yuguchi ◽  
K. Saito ◽  
T. Matsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass Index

scholarly journals Sarcopaenia complicating heart failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_L) ◽  
pp. L20-L23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca ◽  
Stephan von Haehling
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Abstract Sarcopaenia is defined as reduced skeletal muscle mass associated with either a decline in muscle strength or low physical performance. It has been shown to affect 17.5% of people worldwide, with a prevalence of 20% or higher in patients with heart failure (HF). Sarcopaenia has severe impact on mortality, physical capacity, and quality of life. Even though several mechanisms, such as autonomic imbalance, reduced muscle blood flow, increased inflammation, hormonal alterations, increased apoptosis, and autophagy have been proposed to fuel the pathogenesis of sarcopaenia, additional studies assessing the interaction of these conditions need to be conducted to elucidate how the presence of sarcopaenia can exacerbate the progression of HF and vice-versa. Resistance training combined with nutritional protein intake seems to be effective in the treatment of sarcopaenia, although current pharmacotherapies have not been extensively studied with this endpoint in mind. In conclusion, sarcopaenia is interwoven with HF and leads to worse exercise capacity in these patients. The mechanisms associated with this bilateral relationship between sarcopaenia and HF are still to be elucidated, leading to effective treatment, not only for the heart, but also for the skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Identifying the Structural Adaptations that Drive the Mechanical Load-Induced Growth of Skeletal Muscle: A Scoping Review

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent W. Jorgenson ◽  
Stuart M. Phillips ◽  
Troy A. Hornberger
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Cross Sectional

The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass plays a critical role in health and quality of life. One of the most potent regulators of skeletal muscle mass is mechanical loading, and numerous studies have led to a reasonably clear understanding of the macroscopic and microscopic changes that occur when the mechanical environment is altered. For instance, an increase in mechanical loading induces a growth response that is mediated, at least in part, by an increase in the cross-sectional area of the myofibers (i.e., myofiber hypertrophy). However, very little is known about the ultrastructural adaptations that drive this response. Even the most basic questions, such as whether mechanical load-induced myofiber hypertrophy is mediated by an increase in the size of the pre-existing myofibrils and/or an increase in the number myofibrils, have not been resolved. In this review, we thoroughly summarize what is currently known about the macroscopic, microscopic and ultrastructural changes that drive mechanical load-induced growth and highlight the critical gaps in knowledge that need to be filled.

P163 SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS CHANGES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC SURGERY

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M.W. van Venrooij ◽  
H.J. Verberne ◽  
P.A.M. van Leeuwen ◽  
R. de Vos ◽  
M.M.M.J. Borgmeijer-Hoelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass

scholarly journals Nutrient patterns and the skeletal muscle mass index among Polish women: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Danielewicz ◽  
Jakub Morze ◽  
Małgorzata Obara-Gołębiowska ◽  
Mariusz Przybyłowicz ◽  
Katarzyna E. Przybyłowicz
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Fibre Plant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Patterns ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass Index

AbstractAgeing involves significant changes in skeletal muscle mass and its functioning. This study aimed to identify the major nutrient patterns (NPs) present in a sample of adult Polish women and evaluate their associations with the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). A cross-sectional study initially recruited 527 women, and a final analysis was carried out on 275 women aged 32–60 years. Nutrient intake was assessed using fourteen repetitions of 24-hour dietary recall. NPs were derived using principal component analysis. Associations between adherence to NPs and the SMI were evaluated using linear regression models. Three NPs were identified: ‘Animal Protein-Vitamins’, ‘Fibre-Plant Protein-Minerals’ and ‘Fats’. In the adjusted model, the upper tertile compared to the bottom tertile of the ‘Animal Protein-Vitamins’ NP was related to a higher SMI (β = 0.123 95% CI: 0.019; 0.227; P for 1-SD increase of NP score = 0.009). No associations between the SMI and the ‘Fibre-Plant Protein-Minerals’ and ‘Fats’ NPs were observed. Our results indicate that high adherence to animal product-rich patterns might be related to higher muscle mass in adult women. Research on the influence of dietary and nutrient patterns on the quality of muscle tissue may contribute to the setting of guidelines for nutritional protection of skeletal muscle with ageing and, consequently, dietary recommendations that would improve the quality of women’s lives at the later stage of life.

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