Role of enteral nutrition and pharmaconutrients in conditions of splanchnic hypoperfusion

Nutrition ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Eduardo de Aguilar-Nascimento ◽  
Diana Borges Dock-Nascimento ◽  
Rosalia Bragagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Splanchnic Hypoperfusion

scholarly journals Nutritional and Pharmacological Enhancement of the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (suppl d) ◽  
pp. 145D-151D ◽  
Author(s):  
M Keith Hanna ◽  
Kenneth A Kudsk
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Severely Injured Patients ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
Lower Morbidity

There has been an explosion of research in the field of nutrition over the past quarter century. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of providing nutrition by the enteral route in reducing septic morbidity in critically ill patients. These improved outcomes have been substantiated by animal models that show that enteral nutrition decreases gut permeability while maintaining the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in mucosal immunity. Evidence points to the important immunological role of the gut in the maintenance of mucosal immunity at both intestinal and extraintestinal sites. The preservation of this mucosal immunity by enteral nutrition is consistent with the lower morbidity seen in severely injured patients who receive nutrition via the gastrointestinal tract. For patients who are unable to be fed by the enteral route and who require parenteral nutrition, several supplements show promise in enhancing the mucosal immune system defenses. The nutritional and pharmacological tactics that may enhance the GALT and thereby maintain mucosal immunity are examined.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effectiveness of the early enteral and natural nutrition after pancreatoduodenectomy

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius Grižas ◽  
Antanas Gulbinas ◽  
Giedrius Barauskas ◽  
Juozas Pundzius
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Infectious Complication ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Early Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Plasma Albumin

The role of postoperative supplementary enteral nutrition after gastrointestinal surgery is controversial. Therefore, a randomized clinical trial with attempts to address the question of plenitude of routine application of postoperative enteral feeding on rate of postoperative complications following pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. Sixty patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were blindly randomized into two groups: 30 patients in the first group received early enteral nutrition (EEN), while 30 patients in the second group were given early natural nutrition (ENN). The complications were evaluated according to definition criteria. All complications were further subdivided into infectious and noninfectious complications. Our data showed that patients in EEN group gained a larger amount of energy in kcal a day during the first five days after surgery in comparison to ENN group. There was a higher rate of postoperative complications in ENN group (53.3% vs 23.3%, P=0.03). This difference occurred mainly due to the higher incidence of infectious complications in ENN group (46.7% vs 16.7%, P=0.025). There were six cases of bacteriemia in this group of patients, while only one case was observed in EEN group (6 (20.0%) vs 1 (3.3%), P=0.1). The overall risk for the development of any type of infectious complication was 1.5 times higher in ENN group. In conclusion, this study suggests that supplementary postoperative enteral nutrition helps to decrease the rate of infectious complications in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy, especially in those with a plasma albumin level of less than 34.5 g/L and/or ASA class III or higher, since natural nutrition is insufficient in this ca.

Role of enteral nutrition in the incidence of diarrhea among hospitalized adult patients

Nutrition ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Cristine Luft ◽  
Mariur Gomes Beghetto ◽  
Elza Daniel de Mello ◽  
Carísi Anne Polanczyk
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Adult Patients

Enteral nutrition and infections: the role of human milk

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. S57-S59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Civardi ◽  
Francesca Garofoli ◽  
Iolanda Mazzucchelli ◽  
Micol Angelini ◽  
Paolo Manzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enteral Nutrition ◽  
Human Milk
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