Postnatal delayed growth impacts cognition but rescues programmed impaired pulmonary vascular development in an IUGR rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1418-1428
Author(s):  
LingLing Yan ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
ZiMing Zhang ◽  
ShanShan Xu ◽  
Rahim Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Delayed Growth ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Development

Fontan Hepatic Fibrosis and Pulmonary Vascular Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Evans ◽  
Ruben J. Acherman ◽  
Brody J. Winn ◽  
Noel S. Yumiaco ◽  
Alvaro Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Development

Sox17 Is Required For Normal Pulmonary Vascular Development

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lange ◽  
Hans Michael Haitchi ◽  
Tim LeCras ◽  
Jeffrey A. Whitsett
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Development ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Development

scholarly journals Sequential Exposure to Antenatal Microbial Triggers Attenuates Alveolar Growth and Pulmonary Vascular Development and Impacts Pulmonary Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Widowski ◽  
Niki L. Reynaert ◽  
Daan R. M. G. Ophelders ◽  
Matthias C. Hütten ◽  
Peter G. J. Nikkels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Development

Perinatal inflammatory stress is strongly associated with adverse pulmonary outcomes after preterm birth. Antenatal infections are an essential perinatal stress factor and contribute to preterm delivery, induction of lung inflammation and injury, pre-disposing preterm infants to bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Considering the polymicrobial nature of antenatal infection, which was reported to result in diverse effects and outcomes in preterm lungs, the aim was to examine the consequences of sequential inflammatory stimuli on endogenous epithelial stem/progenitor cells and vascular maturation, which are crucial drivers of lung development. Therefore, a translational ovine model of antenatal infection/inflammation with consecutive exposures to chronic and acute stimuli was used. Ovine fetuses were exposed intra-amniotically to Ureaplasma parvum 42 days (chronic stimulus) and/or to lipopolysaccharide 2 or 7 days (acute stimulus) prior to preterm delivery at 125 days of gestation. Pulmonary inflammation, endogenous epithelial stem cell populations, vascular modulators and morphology were investigated in preterm lungs. Pre-exposure to UP attenuated neutrophil infiltration in 7d LPS-exposed lungs and prevented reduction of SOX-9 expression and increased SP-B expression, which could indicate protective responses induced by re-exposure. Sequential exposures did not markedly impact stem/progenitors of the proximal airways (P63+ basal cells) compared to single exposure to LPS. In contrast, the alveolar size was increased solely in the UP+7d LPS group. In line, the most pronounced reduction of AEC2 and proliferating cells (Ki67+) was detected in these sequentially UP + 7d LPS-exposed lambs. A similar sensitization effect of UP pre-exposure was reflected by the vessel density and expression of vascular markers VEGFR-2 and Ang-1 that were significantly reduced after UP exposure prior to 2d LPS, when compared to UP and LPS exposure alone. Strikingly, while morphological changes of alveoli and vessels were seen after sequential microbial exposure, improved lung function was observed in UP, 7d LPS, and UP+7d LPS-exposed lambs. In conclusion, although sequential exposures did not markedly further impact epithelial stem/progenitor cell populations, re-exposure to an inflammatory stimulus resulted in disturbed alveolarization and abnormal pulmonary vascular development. Whether these negative effects on lung development can be rescued by the potentially protective responses observed, should be examined at later time points.

Influence of pulmonary blood flow on management and outcome

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Thorne ◽  
Sarah Bowater
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Cyanotic Heart Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Development

This chapter discusses the influence of pulmonary blood flow on management and outcome, including pulmonary vascular development in early life, cyanotic heart disease, and pulmonary blood flow.

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