A single oral dose of fructose induces some features of metabolic syndrome in rats: Role of oxidative stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Moreno ◽  
E. Hong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose

scholarly journals Understanding the role of oxidative stress in the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam Kargar ◽  
Zahra Zamanian ◽  
Majid Bagheri Hosseinabadi ◽  
Vahid Gharibi ◽  
Mohammad Sanyar Moradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background Understanding the causes and risk factors of metabolic syndrome is important for promoting population health. Oxidative stress has been associated with metabolic syndrome, and also obstructive sleep apnea. These are two diseases which have common prognostic characteristics for heart disease. The aim of this study was to examine the role of oxidative stress in the concurrent presence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in a working population. Methods Participants were 163 artisan bakers in Shahroud, Iran, routinely exposed to significant heat stress and other oxidative stress indicators on a daily basis as part of their work. Using a cross-sectional design, data relevant to determining metabolic syndrome status according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea according to the STOP-Bang score, was collected. Analyses included hierarchical binary logistic regression to yield predictors of the two diseases. Results Hierarchical binary logistic regression showed that oxidative stress – alongside obesity, no regular exercise, and smoking – was an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome, but not obstructive sleep apnea. Participants who were obese were 28 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome (OR 28.59, 95% CI 4.91–63.02) and 44 times more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (OR 44.48, 95% CI 4.91–403.28). Participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde (p <  0.05) than those who did not. No difference in oxidative stress index levels were found according to obstructive sleep apnea status. Conclusions Our findings suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the onset of metabolic syndrome, and that obstructive sleep apnea is involved in oxidative stress. Whilst obesity, exercise, and smoking remain important targets for reducing the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea, policies to control risks of prolonged exposure to oxidative stress are also relevant in occupations where such environmental conditions exist.

scholarly journals Understanding The Role Of Oxidative Stress In The Incidence Of Metabolic Syndrome And Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnam KARGAR ◽  
Zahra ZAMANIAN ◽  
Majid Bagheri HOSSEINABADI ◽  
Vahid Gharibi ◽  
Mohammad Sanyar MORADI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Background: Understanding the causes and risk factors of metabolic syndrome is important for promoting population health. Oxidative stress has been associated with metabolic syndrome, and also obstructive sleep apnea. These are two diseases which have common prognostic characteristics for heart disease. The aim of this study was to examine the role of oxidative stress in the concurrent presence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea in a working population. Methods: Participants were 163 artisan bakers in Shahroud, Iran, routinely exposed to oxidative stress indicators on a daily basis as part of their work. Using a cross-sectional design, data relevant to determining metabolic syndrome status according to International Diabetes Federation criteria, and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea according to the STOP-Bang score, was collected. Analyses included hierarchical binary logistic regression to yield predictors of the two diseases. Results: Logistic regression showed that oxidative stress – alongside obesity, no regular exercise, and smoking – was an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome, but not obstructive sleep apnea. Participants who were obese were 28 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome (OR 28.59, 95% CI 4.91-63.02) and 44 times more likely to have obstructive sleep apnea (OR 44.48, 95% CI 4.91-403.28). Participants meeting metabolic syndrome criteria had significantly higher levels of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05) than those who did not. No difference in oxidative stress index levels were found according to obstructive sleep apnea status. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the onset of metabolic syndrome, and that obstructive sleep apnea is involved in oxidative stress. Whilst obesity, exercise, and smoking remain important targets for reducing the incidence of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea, policies to control risks of prolonged exposure to oxidative stress are also relevant in occupations where such environmental conditions exist.

scholarly journals Role of Cox-2 in Vascular Inflammation: An Experimental Model of Metabolic Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás F. Renna ◽  
Emiliano R. Diez ◽  
Carina Lembo ◽  
Roberto M. Miatello
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Vascular Remodeling ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Wky Rats ◽  
Cox 2

The objective of this work was to demonstrate the role of COX-2 enzyme at the vascular in experimental model of metabolic syndrome. SHR male WKY rats were employed; they were distributed in 8 groups (n=8each): control (W); W + L: WKY rats receiving 20 mg/kg of lumiracoxib by intraesophageal administration; SHR; SHR + L: SHR + 20 mg/kg of lumiracoxib by intraesophageal administration; Fructose-Fed Rats (FFR): WKY rats receiving 10% (w/v) fructose solution in drinking water during all 12 weeks; FFR + L: FFR + 20 mg/kg of lumiracoxib by intraesophageal administration; Fructose-Fed Hypertensive Rats (FFHR): SHR receiving 10% (w/v) fructose solution in drinking water during all 12 weeks; and FFHR + L: FFHR + 20 mg/kg of lumiracoxib by intraesophageal administration. Metabolic variables, blood pressure, morphometric variables, and oxidative stress variables were evaluated; also MMP-2 and MMP-9 (collagenases), VCAM-1, and NF-κB by Westernblot or IFI were evaluated. FFHR presented all variables of metabolic syndrome; there was also an increase in oxidative stress variables; vascular remodeling and left ventricular hypertrophy were evidenced along with a significant increase in the expression of the mentioned proinflammatory molecules and increased activity and expression of collagenase. Lumiracoxib was able to reverse vascular remodeling changes and inflammation, demonstrating the involvement of COX-2 in the pathophysiology of vascular remodeling in this experimental model.

scholarly journals Role of Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors in Improving Urodynamic Parameters in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Preliminary Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Muzzain Iqbal ◽  
Sarbjit Singh Chhiber ◽  
Baldev Singh Wazir ◽  
Altaf Umar Ramzan ◽  
Mohammad Saleem Wani
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Bladder Capacity ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Bladder Compliance ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Urodynamic Parameters

Abstract Objective To analyze role of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors on urodynamic parameters in patients with suprasacral spinal cord injury. Materials and Methods This was a prospective observational hospital-based study conducted on a cohort of patients, aged between 18 and 65 years with suprasacral spinal cord injury, who were registered in Department of Neurosurgery/Urology. Cutoff period since injury was 2 years. After taking consent, baseline urodynamic study was performed, which was repeated 2 hours after taking single oral dose of 20 mg tadalafil. Urodynamic parameters such as maximum detrusor filling/voiding pressures, maximum bladder capacity, and bladder compliance before and after taking drug were compared for final results and conclusion. Results Following administration of 20 mg of tadalafil, maximum bladder capacity in mL showed statistically significant improvement from 268.39 ± 130.0 to 298.55 ± 112.0.(p < 0.05). Bladder compliance improved from 18.68 ± 6.4 to 20.25 ± 7.5 mL/cm H2O (p > 0.05). Maximum detrusor filling pressure improved from 36.03 ± 20.54 to 32.90 ± 16.47 cm H2O (p > 0.05). Maximum detrusor voiding pressure improved from 64.65 ± 33.19 to 58.13 ± 20.7 cm H2O (0 > 0.05). In patients with injury above D6 spinal cord level, statistically significant improvement was seen in maximum bladder capacity and bladder compliance after 2 hours of single oral dose of tadalafil (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study suggests a positive role of PDE inhibitors in improving urodynamic parameters in patients with suprasacral spinal cord injury with improvement in parameters such as bladder capacity, detrusor pressures, and bladder compliance. Because this is a small study group, more studies such as this are required to reach to final conclusion.

The Incorporation of [4-14C] δ-Aminolaevulic Acid into Urinary Porphyrins in Symptomatic Porphyria

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Goldswain ◽  
E. Dowdle ◽  
Norma Spong ◽  
L. Eales
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Control Subject ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Urinary Porphyrins

1. The specific activities of urinary uroporphyrin and coproporphyrin were measured as functions of time following the administration of a single oral dose of [4-14C] δ-aminolaevulic acid (ALA) to six patients with symptomatic porphyria and one control subject. 2. The peak specific activity of coproporphyrin preceded that of uroporphyrin in all subjects studied and exceeded that of uroporphyrin in the patients with symptomatic porphyria. 3. These results are interpreted as indicating the existence of two distinct metabolic pathways in the liver for the disposal of ALA, rather than as contradicting the generally accepted role of uroporphyrinogen as a precursor of coproporphyrinogen.

scholarly journals Vitamin E Attenuates Oxidative Stress Induced by Intravenous Iron in Patients on Hemodialysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-549
Author(s):  
JOHANNES M. ROOB ◽  
GHOLAMALI KHOSCHSORUR ◽  
ANDREAS TIRAN ◽  
JÖRG H. HORINA ◽  
HERWIG HOLZER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Hemodialysis Session ◽  
Active Iron ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Abstract. Intravenous iron application to anemic patients on hemodialysis leads to an “oversaturation” of transferrin. As a result, non-transferrin-bound, redox-active iron might induce lipid peroxidation. To test the hypothesis that vitamin E attenuates lipid peroxidation in patients receiving 100 mg of iron(II) hydroxide sucrose complex intravenously during a hemodialysis session, 22 patients were investigated in a randomized cross-over design, either with or without a single oral dose of 1200 IU of all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate taken 6 h before the hemodialysis session. Blood was drawn before and 30, 60, 90, 135, and 180 min after the start of the iron infusion, and areas under the curve (AUC0-180 min) of ratios of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) to cholesterol and plasma total peroxides to cholesterol (two markers of lipid peroxidation) were determined as the outcome variables. At baseline of the session without vitamin E supplementation, plasma α-tocopherol concentrations (27.6 ± 1.8 μmol/L) and ratios of α-tocopherol to cholesterol (5.88 ± 1.09 mmol/mol) were normal, plasma MDA concentrations were above normal (1.20 ± 0.28 μmol/L), and bleomycin-detectable iron (BDI), indicating the presence of redox-active iron, was not detectable. Upon iron infusion, BDI and MDA concentrations increased significantly (P < 0.001). BDI concentrations explained the increase over baseline in MDA concentrations (MDA = 1.29 + 0.075 × BDI). Vitamin E supplementation, leading to a 68% increase in plasma α-tocopherol concentrations, significantly reduced the AUC0-180 min of MDA to cholesterol (P = 0.004) and peroxides to cholesterol (P = 0.002). These data demonstrate that a single oral dose of vitamin E attenuates lipid peroxidation in patients on hemodialysis receiving intravenous iron. Given that intravenous iron is applied repeatedly to patients on hemodialysis, this therapeutic approach may protect against oxidative stress-related degenerative disease in the long term.

IMPAIRED INSULIN-STIMULATED VASODILATION IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME. POSSIBLE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
M. Tesauro ◽  
F. Schinzari ◽  
V. Rovella ◽  
M. Melina ◽  
C. Cardillo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Impaired Insulin
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