Naturally-occurring phytosterols in the usual diet influence cholesterol metabolism in healthy subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 849-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sanclemente ◽  
I. Marques-Lopes ◽  
M. Fajó-Pascual ◽  
M. Cofán ◽  
E. Jarauta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Usual Diet

scholarly journals Serum Fetuin-B Levels Are Elevated in Women with Metabolic Syndrome and Associated with Increased Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Shiyao Xue ◽  
Hongdong Han ◽  
Shunli Rui ◽  
Mengliu Yang ◽  
Yizhou Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Factors ◽  
Triglyceride Content

Previous studies on serum fetuin-B (fetuin-like protein IRL685) have investigated its association with T2DM; however, the reason for the variation in serum fetuin-B and its regulatory factors in metabolic disease remain unclear. Here, we evaluated serum fetuin-B levels in women with newly diagnosed MetS and performed multiple interventions to investigate the role of fetuin-B in the pathogenesis of MetS. Serum fetuin-B levels were assessed using ELISA. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze fetuin-B-related genes and signaling pathways. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters were measured in the in vitro study. For subgroup analyses, we performed EHC, OGTT, and treatment with a GLP-1RA to investigate the regulatory factors of serum fetuin-B. We found that in comparison with healthy subjects, serum fetuin-B levels were markedly increased in women with MetS. Further, serum fetuin-B showed a positive correlation with WHR, FAT%, TG, FBG, HbA1c, FIns, HOMA-IR, VAI, and LAP. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that most fetuin-B-related core genes were involved in cholesterol metabolism and fat decomposition. Consistent with this finding, multivariate regression analysis showed that triglyceride content and WHR were independently associated with serum fetuin-B. We also observed that serum fetuin-B levels were markedly elevated in healthy subjects after glucose loading and in women with MetS during EHC. In vitro, overexpression of fetuin-B promoted oxidative stress in HepG2 cell. After 6 months of treatment with a GLP-1RA, serum fetuin-B levels in women with MetS decreased following an improvement in metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, serum fetuin-B is associated with MetS, which may serve as a biomarker of oxidative stress. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-OCC-11001422.

scholarly journals Statement of the Committee of Human Nutrition Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences on the use of dietary supplements containing vitamins and minerals by adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Wawrzyniak ◽  
Katarzyna Przybyłowicz ◽  
Lidia Wądołowska ◽  
Jadwiga Charzewska ◽  
Danuta Górecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
General Population ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Nutrition Science ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Usual Diet

The use of dietary supplements (supplementation) is the individual enrichment of the diet with ingredients naturally occurring in food. As a rule, dietary supplements should be used periodically. In nutritional practice, there are many indications for dietary supplementation, but the decision to take dietary supplements should be made by consumers wisely and only in justified situations, when there is a risk that the usual diet does not provide vitamins and minerals in an amount adequate to meet dietary recommendations. However, we should remember about the real dangers of taking too large doses of vitamins and minerals. Many people using dietary supplements, especially several types at the same time, may experience undesirable side effects and deterioration of health, and in addition, people taking medicines may seriously disrupt or weaken the effect of the drug, or even lack the therapeutic effect of the drug. The document presents 10 steps and rules for the use of dietary supplements available on the market, which are addressed to the general population.

The glycaemic index of foods containing sugars: comparison of foods with naturally-occurringv.added sugars

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Brand Miller ◽  
Edna Pang ◽  
Louise Broomhead
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Insulin Responses

The primary aim of the present study was to expand the glycaemic index (GI) database by determining the GI and insulin index values of thirty-nine foods containing sugars in healthy adults. The second aim was to examine the hypothesis that glycaemic and insulin responses to foods which contain added sugar(s) are higher than responses to foods containing naturally-occurring sugars. Eight healthy subjects drawn from a pool of eighteen consumed 50 g carbohydrate portions (except 25 g carbohydrate portions for fruits) of the test foods. The GI and insulin index were determined according to standardized methodology and expressed on a scale on which glucose = 100. The median GI and insulin index values of all foods tested were 56 (range 14 to 80) and 56 (range 24 to 124) respectively. The median GI of the foods containing added sugars was similar to that of foods containing naturally-occurring sugars (58v. 53 respectively,P= 0·08). Likewise, the median insulin index of the foods containing added sugars was not significantly different from that of foods containing naturally-occurring sugars (61v. 56 respectively,P= 0·16). There was no evidence of‘rebound hypoglycaemia’or excessive insulin secretion relative to the glucose response. We conclude that most foods containing sugars do not have a high GI. In addition, there is often no difference in responses between foods containing added sugars and those containing naturally-occurring sugars.

Serum Biomarkers in Patients with Mesothelioma and Pleural Plaques and Healthy Subjects Exposed to Naturally Occurring Asbestos

Lung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bayram ◽  
Isa Dongel ◽  
Ali Akbaş ◽  
İsmail Benli ◽  
Muhammed Emin Akkoyunlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Pleural Plaques ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Naturally Occurring Asbestos

Addition of Strawberries to the Usual Diet Decreases Resting Chemiluminescence of Fasting Blood in Healthy Subjects—Possible Health-Promoting Effect of These Fruits Consumption

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Bialasiewicz ◽  
Anna Prymont-Przyminska ◽  
Anna Zwolinska ◽  
Agata Sarniak ◽  
Anna Wlodarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Usual Diet

scholarly journals Sesamin, a Naturally Occurring Lignan, Inhibits Ligand-Induced Lipogenesis through Interaction with Liver X Receptor Alpha (LXRα) and Pregnane X Receptor (PXR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai-Sung Tai ◽  
Ni Tien ◽  
Hsin-Yi Shen ◽  
Fang-Yi Chu ◽  
Charles C. N. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Pregnane X Receptor ◽  
Liver X Receptor ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Wide Range

Liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear receptor that regulates various biological processes, including de novo lipogenesis, cholesterol metabolism, and inflammation. Selective inhibition of LXR may aid the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sesamin is a naturally occurring lignan in many dietary plants and has a wide range of beneficial effects on metabolism. The mechanism underlying sesamin action especially on the regulation of LXR remains elusive. Reporter assays, mRNA and protein expression, and in silico modeling were used to identify sesamin as an antagonist of LXRα. Sesamin was applied to the hepatic HepaRG and intestinal LS174T cells and showed that it markedly ameliorated lipid accumulation in the HepaRG cells, by reducing LXRα transactivation, inhibiting the expression of downstream target genes. This effect was associated with the stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, followed by decreased T0901317-LXRα-induced expression of SREBP-1c and its downstream target genes. Mechanistically, sesamin reduced the recruitment of SRC-1 but enhanced that of SMILE to the SREBP-1c promoter region under T0901317 treatment. It regulated the transcriptional control exerted by LXRα by influencing its interaction with coregulators and thus decreased mRNA and protein levels of genes downstream of LXRα and reduced lipid accumulation in hepatic cells. Additionally, sesamin reduced valproate- and rifampin-induced LXRα and pregnane X receptor (PXR) transactivation. This was associated with reduced expression of target genes and decreased lipid accumulation. Thus, sesamin is an antagonist of LXRα and PXR and suggests that it may alleviate drug-induced lipogenesis via the suppression of LXRα and PXR signaling.

scholarly journals Addition of strawberries to the usual diet increases postprandial but not fasting non-urate plasma antioxidant activity in healthy subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Prymont-Przyminska ◽  
Piotr Bialasiewicz ◽  
Anna Zwolinska ◽  
Agata Sarniak ◽  
Anna Wlodarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant ◽  
Usual Diet

Seroprevalence of PF4/Heparin Antibodies among Blood Bank Donors

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4536-4536
Author(s):  
Poulomi J. Pai ◽  
Julianna E McCracken ◽  
Gowthami M Arepally
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Immune Disorder ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Abstract Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is classically viewed as a drug-induced immune disorder triggered by exposure to the anticoagulant drug, heparin. However, HIT may also be considered a dysregulated autoimmune response to two naturally occurring substances, Platelet Factor 4 (PF4), a platelet protein, and heparin, a tissuederived glycosaminoglycan. Until recently, studies of HIT and PF4/heparin antibody seroconversion have been exclusively focused on patients exposed to heparin or heparinlike drugs, including low-molecular weight heparin, the heparinoids and the synthetic agent, fondaparinux. Recent reports, however, indicate that PF4/heparin antibodies may arise spontaneously in some individuals in the absence of heparin (Warkentin Am J Med 2008; Hursting J Thromb Thrombolysis, 2008). We undertook this study to document the seroprevalance of “naturally-occurring” PF4/heparin antibodies in healthy subjects without prior heparin exposure. To study “healthy” subjects, we used blood bank donors as a surrogate population. Samples from blood bank units were obtained through Duke Transfusion services/American Red Cross (ARC). Donors met eligibility criteria for blood donation to the ARC and generally, represent a healthy population (http://www.redcross.org/services/biomed/0,1082,0_557_,00.html#hem). A Duke IRB waiver was issued due to use of anonymous samples. Plasma from donor units/segments were assayed in duplicate for the presence of PF4/heparin antibodies using a commercially available PF4/heparin ELISA (PF4 enhanced IgG,A,M kits, Genetics Technology Institute, Waukesha, WY). Positivity was defined by the manufacturer as A405nm ≥0.4. Positive samples were stratified into low, (A405nm=0.4–0.6), intermediate (A405nm=0.61–0.99) or high-positive values (A405nm≥1.0). High and intermediate positive samples were further isotyped using IgG and IgM specific antibodies (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). Of the 970 blood bank donors tested to date, 31 samples (3.2%) were positive using the manufacturer’s cut-off value. Repeat testing confirmed positivity in all 31 samples. Of those testing positive, 26 were low-positive (2.3% of overall cohort; 84% of all positive samples), 1 sample was intermediate positive (0.1% of overall cohort; 3.2% of positive samples) and 5 samples were high-positive (0.5% overall cohort; 16% of positive samples). Isotyping of 6 high/intermediate positive samples revealed IgG in 3 patients, IgM in the remainder. There was no correlation between antibody positivity and ABO blood type. In summary, our data reveals a high prevalence of PF4/heparin antibodies, the majority of which are low-positive values (~84%). Many of these low-positive samples likely reflect background “noise” of the assay and could be eliminated using a higher cut-off for positivity. We also found a seroprevalance of 0.5% of high positive antibodies, of IgG and IgM isotype, supporting the notion that some individuals may have “naturally-occuring”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document