Effect of the Mediterranean diet with and without weight loss on cardiovascular risk factors in men with the metabolic syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Richard ◽  
P. Couture ◽  
S. Desroches ◽  
A. Charest ◽  
B. Lamarche
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Mediterranean

From the metabolic syndrome to the concept of global cardiometabolic risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (18) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Nádas ◽  
György Jermendy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Although the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors is unquestionable, the clinical significance of the metabolic syndrome as a distinct entity has been debated in the past years. Recently, the term ‘metabolic syndrome’ has been replaced by ‘global cardiometabolic risk’ which implies cardiovascular risk factors beyond the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome can be frequently detected among people in western and developing countries affecting 25-30% of adult population, and its prevalence rate is increasing. Prospective studies show that the metabolic syndrome is a significant predictor of incident diabetes but has a weaker association with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. At the same time the metabolic syndrome is inferior to established predicting models for either type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease.The underlying pathomechanism of the metabolic syndrome is still poorly understood. The role of insulin resistance – although not as a single factor – is still considered as a key component. In the last decade the importance of abdominal obesity has received increased attention but some studies, mainly in the Asian population, showed that central obesity is not an essential component of the syndrome. Regardless of the theoretical debates the practical implications are indisputable. The frequent clustering of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance, that often accompanies central obesity, can not be ignored. Following the detection of one risk factor, the presence of other, traditional and non-traditional factors should be searched for, as the beneficial effect of intensive, target oriented, continuous treatment of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors has been proven in both the short and long term.

scholarly journals Butyrylcholinesterase: Association with the Metabolic Syndrome and Identification of 2 Gene Loci Affecting Activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Valle ◽  
Daniel T O’Connor ◽  
Palmer Taylor ◽  
Gu Zhu ◽  
Grant W Montgomery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plasma Cholinesterase ◽  
Plasma Cholinesterase Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adult Twins

Abstract Background: Plasma cholinesterase activity is known to be correlated with plasma triglycerides, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, and other features of the metabolic syndrome. A role in triglyceride metabolism has been proposed. Genetic variants that decrease activity have been studied extensively, but the factors contributing to overall variation in the population are poorly understood. We studied plasma cholinesterase activity in a sample of 2200 adult twins to assess covariation with cardiovascular risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome, to determine the degree of genetic effects on enzyme activity, and to search for quantitative trait loci affecting activity. Methods and Results: Cholinesterase activity was lower in women than in men before the age of 50, but increased to activity values similar to those in males after that age. There were highly significant correlations with variables associated with the metabolic syndrome: plasma triglyceride, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and E, urate, and insulin concentrations; γ-glutamyltransferase and aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities; body mass index; and blood pressure. The heritability of plasma cholinesterase activity was 65%. Linkage analysis with data from the dizygotic twin pairs showed suggestive linkage on chromosome 3 at the location of the cholinesterase (BCHE) gene and also on chromosome 5. Conclusions: Our results confirm and extend the connection between cholinesterase, cardiovascular risk factors, and metabolic syndrome. They establish a substantial heritability for plasma cholinesterase activity that might be attributable to variation near the structural gene and at an independent locus.

scholarly journals Weight loss is associated with sustained improvement of disease activity and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psoriatic arthritis and obesity: a prospective intervention study with two years of follow-up

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Klingberg ◽  
Sofia Björkman ◽  
Björn Eliasson ◽  
Ingrid Larsson ◽  
Annelie Bilberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss Treatment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Median Weight Loss

Abstract Background Obesity is overrepresented in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and associated with increased disease activity. We have previously shown in 41 patients with PsA (Caspar criteria) and obesity (body mass index; BMI ≥33 kg/m2) that weight loss treatment with Very Low Energy Liquid Diet (VLED), 640 kcal/day during 12-16 weeks, followed by a structured reintroduction of an energy restricted diet resulted in a median weight loss of 18.6% and concomitantly a significant improvement of the disease activity in joints, entheses and skin. The objectives of this follow-up were to study the effects of the weight loss treatment on disease activity in longer term (12 and 24 months) and to study the effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods The patients were assessed with 66/68 joints count, Leeds enthesitis index (LEI), body surface area, blood pressure, BMI, questionnaires and fasting blood samples at the 12- and 24-month visits.Results In total, 39 and 35 PsA patients attended the 12- and the 24-month visits, respectively. Median weight loss since baseline was 16.0 % (IQR 10.5–22.4) and 7.4% (IQR 5.1–14.0) at the 12- and 24-months follow-up. The 66/68 swollen/tender joints score, LEI, CRP and HAQ score were still significantly reduced at the 12- and 24-month visits compared to baseline. The number of patients with Minimal Disease Activity increased from 28.2% (11/39) at baseline, to 38.5% (15/39; p=0.008) and 45.7 % (16/35; p=0.016) at the 12- and 24-month visits.The weight loss was also associated with improved levels of serum lipids, glucose and urate and the antihypertensive treatment was reduced or stopped in five patients during the follow-up.Conclusions Weight loss treatment, with VLED included in the program, was associated with long-term improvement of measures of disease activity, self-reported function and markers of the metabolic syndrome after 24-months follow-up.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02917434, Registered September 28, 2016- Retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02917434

scholarly journals Left ventricular hypertrophy and linked cardiovascular risk factors among Congolese licensed civilian aircrew

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Nathan B Buila ◽  
Georges N Ngoyi ◽  
Yves N Lubenga ◽  
Jean-Marc B Bantu ◽  
Trésor S Mvunzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Objective: To assess the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and linked cardiovascular risk factors in civilian aircrew.Methods: Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed among flight and cabin crew undergoing routine clinical and biological evaluation for initial or renewal of aeromedical license. The evaluation also included a standard 12-lead ECG and echocardiography. Echo-based LVH was LVM ≥ 49 g/m2.7 (men) or ≥ 45 g/m2.7 (women). LVH was categorized as mild (men: 49-55 g/m2.7; women: 45-51 g/m2.7), moderate (men: 56-63 g/m2.7; women: 52-58 g/m2.7), or severe (men: ≥ 64 g/m2.7; women: ≥ 59g/m2.7) according to Lang’s report.Results: Among the 379 aircrew members (70.4% men; 23% Caucasians; 62.5% flight crew; mean age 40.6 ± 12.8 years), LVH was present in 36 individuals (9.5%) with mild, moderate and severe pattern observed respectively in 19.4%, 33.3% and 47.2% of the cases. The rate of LVH amounted to 16.7% in normotensive subjects, 25.0% in those with prehypertension, and 58.3% among hypertensive individuals. In addition to age of 40-59y (OR: 8.48; 95% CI: [2.23-12.23]; p = .002) or more (4.22 [1.57-11.35]; p = .004), hypertension (3.55 [1.50 - 8.41]; p = .004), overweight/obesity (5.33 [1.14 - 25.05]; p = .034) and hyperuricemia (5.05 [2.11 - 12.09]; p = .001), all well-known constituents of the metabolic syndrome, were the main factors significantly associated with LVH.Conclusion: The frequency and link of LVH to the components of the metabolic syndrome highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of cardiovascular risk factors in civilian aircrew.

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