Spatial distributions of dose enhancement around a gold nanoparticle at several depths of proton Bragg peak

2016 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihun Kwon ◽  
Kenneth Sutherland ◽  
Takayuki Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroki Shirato ◽  
Hiroyuki Date
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Bragg Peak ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Dose Enhancement

A detailed experimental and Monte Carlo analysis of gold nanoparticle dose enhancement using 6 MV and 18 MV external beam energies in a macroscopic scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 109638
Author(s):  
Tara Gray ◽  
Nema Bassiri ◽  
Shaquan David ◽  
Devanshi Yogeshkumar Patel ◽  
Sotirios Stathakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
External Beam ◽  
Macroscopic Scale ◽  
Dose Enhancement

Nanoparticle dose enhancement of synchrotron radiation in PRESAGE dosimeters

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1590-1600
Author(s):  
Frank M. Gagliardi ◽  
Rick D. Franich ◽  
Moshi Geso
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Nanoparticle Concentration ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bismuth Nanoparticles ◽  
Synchrotron Beam

The physical absorbed dose enhancement by the inclusion of gold and bismuth nanoparticles fabricated into water-equivalent PRESAGE dosimeters was investigated. Nanoparticle-loaded water-equivalent PRESAGE dosimeters were irradiated with superficial, synchrotron and megavoltage X-ray beams. The change in optical density of the dosimeters was measured using UV–Vis spectrophotometry pre- and post-irradiation using a wavelength of 630 nm. Dose enhancement was measured for 5 nm and 50 nm monodispersed gold nanoparticles, 5–50 nm polydispersed bismuth nanoparticles, and 80 nm monodispersed bismuth nanoparticles at concentrations from 0.25 mM to 2 mM. The dose enhancement was highest for the 95.3 keV mean energy synchrotron beam (16–32%) followed by the 150 kVp superficial beam (12–21%) then the 6 MV beam (2–5%). The bismuth nanoparticle-loaded dosimeters produced a larger dose enhancement than the gold nanoparticle-loaded dosimeters in the synchrotron beam for the same concentration. For the superficial and megavoltage beams the dose enhancement was similar for both species of nanoparticles. The dose enhancement increased with nanoparticle concentration in the dosimeters; however, there was no observed nanoparticle size dependence on the dose enhancement.

Quantitative investigation of physical factors contributing to gold nanoparticle-mediated proton dose enhancement

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 2562-2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongmin Cho ◽  
Carlos Gonzalez-Lepera ◽  
Nivedh Manohar ◽  
Matthew Kerr ◽  
Sunil Krishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Quantitative Investigation ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
Proton Dose

scholarly journals Low Z target switching to increase tumor endothelial cell dose enhancement during gold nanoparticle-aided radiation therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross I. Berbeco ◽  
Alexandre Detappe ◽  
Panogiotis Tsiamas ◽  
David Parsons ◽  
Mammo Yewondwossen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
Tumor Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Dose

scholarly journals Radiation dose delivered by 125I, 103Pd and 131Cs and dose enhancement by gold nanoparticle (GNP) solution in prostate brachytherapy: a comparative analysis by Monte Carlo simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamda Khan ◽  
Umair Aziz ◽  
Zafar Ullah Koreshi
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Radiation Transport ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Prostate Brachytherapy ◽  
Dose Enhancement ◽  
Effective Doses

: The energy deposition and radiation dose from commonly used radioisotopes, 125I,103Pd, and 131Cs, used for brachytherapy of cancers is estimated using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. To enhance the dose, gold nanoparticle (GNP) solutions are injected into the tumor; this results in more effective and shorter therapy duration. It is thus important to estimate the dose enhancement factor (DEF) achievable by a radioisotope. The research presented in this paper thus focuses on a comparative analysis of radioisotopes. To estimate the radiation dose, the Monte Carlo N-particle code MCNP5 was used for a coupled photon-electron simulation of radiation transport from radiation emanating from seeds of radioisotopes implanted in the prostate at positions prescribed to deliver effective doses to the tumor while protecting neighbouring vital organs such as the rectum and urethra. The quantities tallied were the energy deposition (F6 tally) and the pulse heights (*F8 tally) in specified energy bins. The energy deposited in the tumor was used to estimate the absorbed dose to the prostate incorporating the transformations of the radioisotopes during decay. The absorbed dose was subsequently estimated for a GNP-tissue solution with a concentration of 25 mg Au/g of prostate tissue, modelled as a homogenous mixture. From the simulations, it was found that the lifetime absorbed dose is ~96 Gy from 98 seeds, each of 0.31 mCi, of 125I; ~102 Gy, from 115 seeds, each of 1.4 mCi, of 103Pd, and ~90 Gy from 131Cs seeds replacing 103Pd seeds of the same initial activity. The main advantage of 131Cs, over 125I and 103Pd, is observed in the larger dose rate (~26 cGy/hr) delivered initially i.e. in the first few days which is 1.5 and 5.7 times higher than that for 103Pd and 125I. The absorbed dose for 125I, 103Pd and 131Cs increases to ~245, ~130, ~187 Gy respectively with GNP-tissue solution of 25 mg Au/g tissue. From the analysis, it is found that while the lifetime absorbed dose of all three radioisotopes is of the same order, there are advantages in using 131Cs; these advantages are further quantified. ABSTRAK: Pemendapan tenaga dan dos sinaran radiasi daripada radioisotop yang biasa digunakan, 125I,103Pd, dan 131Cs, digunakan bagi terapibraki kanser dianggar menggunakan simulasi Monte Carlo (MC). Bagi meningkatkan dos, larutan partikel nano emas (GNP) telah disuntik ke dalam tumor; ini lebih memberi kesan dan mengurangkan masa terapi. Oleh itu, adalah penting menganggar faktor dos penggalak (DEF) dapat dicapai dengan radioisotop. Kajian ini mengfokuskan pada analisis perbandingan radioisotop. Bagi menganggarkan dos radiasi, kod Monte Carlo N-partikel MCNP5 telah digunakan pada simulasi pasangan foton-elektron pengangkutan radiasi daripada pancaran radioaktif benih radioisotop yang ditanam dalam prostat pada posisi yang disebut bagi mencetuskan dos penghantaran yang berkesan pada sel tumor. Dalam masa sama melindungi organ penting seperti rektum dan uretra. Kuantiti diselaras dengan pemendapan tenaga (selaras F6) dan ketinggian denyut (selaras *F8) dalam aras tenaga sebenar. Tenaga yang dienap dalam sel tumor ini telah digunakan bagi menganggarkan dos serapan pada prostat dengan menggabungkan transformasi radioisotop ketika susutan. Dos yang diserap telah kemudiannya dianggarkan bagi larutan tisu-GNP dengan ketumpatan 25 mg Au/g tisu prostat, dimodelkan sebagai campuran homogen. Daripada simulasi, dapatan kajian menunjukkan dos diserap sebanyak ~96 Gy daripada 98 benih, setiap satu daripada 0.31 mCi, 125I; ~102 Gy, dari 115 benih, setiap 1.4 mCi, dari 103Pd, dan ~90 Gy daripada benih 131Cs menggantikan benih 103Pd pada pemulaan aktiviti yang sama. Keistimewaan utama adalah 131Cs, ke atas 125I dan 103Pd, telah dilihat dalam kadar dos lebih besar (~26 cGy/hr) dikeluarkan pada pemulaannya iaitu dalam beberapa hari pertama iaitu 1.5 dan 5.7 kali lebih tinggi daripada 103Pd dan 125I. Dos yang diserap pada 125I, 103Pd dan 131Cs bertambah kepada ~245, ~130, ~187 Gy masing-masing dengan larutan tisu-GNP sebanyak 25 mg Au/g tisu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan penyerapan seumur hidup dos diserap pada ketiga-ketiga radioisotop dalam aturan yang sama, ini adalah keistimewaan menggunakan 131Cs; keistimewaan ini akan terus diuji pada masa depan dan diukur kuantitinya.

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