Reconfigurable hardware applications on NetFPGA for network monitoring in large area sensor networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 725 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
A. Belias ◽  
V. Koutsoumpos ◽  
K. Manolopoulos ◽  
C. Kachris
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Monitoring ◽  
Reconfigurable Hardware ◽  
Large Area

An Energy-Efficient Multilevel Clustering Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Surender Soni ◽  
Vivek Katiyar ◽  
Narottam Chand
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Topology Management ◽  
Clustering Protocol ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are generally believed to be homogeneous, but some sensor nodes of higher energy can be used to prolong the lifetime and reliability of WSNs. This gives birth to the concept of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (HWSNs). Clustering is an important technique to prolong the lifetime of WSNs and to reduce energy consumption as well, by topology management and routing. HWSNs are popular in real deployments (Corchado et al., 2010), and have a large area of coverage. In such scenarios, for better connectivity, the need for multilevel clustering protocols arises. In this paper, the authors propose an energy-efficient protocol called heterogeneous multilevel clustering and aggregation (HMCA) for HWSNs. HMCA is simulated and compared with existing multilevel clustering protocol EEMC (Jin et al., 2008) for homogeneous WSN. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol performs better.

scholarly journals A Low-Cost pH Sensor Based on RuO2 Resistor Material

Nano Hybrids ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libu Manjakkal ◽  
Katarina Cvejin ◽  
Jan Kulawik ◽  
Krzysztof Zaraska ◽  
Dorota Szwagierczak
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Conducting Layer ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Safety Of Drinking Water

Fresh water deficiency caused by climate change calls for employing novel measures to ensure safety of drinking water supply. Wireless sensor networks can be used for monitoring hydrological conditions across wide area, allowing flow forecasting and early detection of pollutants. While there are no fundamental technological obstacles to implementation of large area sensor networks, their feasibility is constrained by unit cost of sensing nodes. This paper describes a low-cost pH sensor, intended for use in fresh water monitoring. The sensor was fabricated in a standard thick film process, and an off-the-shelf resistive paste was used as a sensing material. For the fabrication of sensor, RuO2 resistive paste was screen printed on the alumina substrate with silver conducting layer. Test solutions with pH ranging from 2 to 10 were prepared from HCl or KOH solutions. The potential difference between reference and sensing electrode (electromotive force emf of an electrochemical cell) should be proportional to the pH of a solution according to the Nernst equation. The fabricated sensor exhibits Nernstian response to pH. Influence of storage conditions on sensing performance was also investigated.

scholarly journals A Novel Technique to Enhance the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks through Software Realization

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3839
Author(s):  
Adarsh Sagar ◽  
T. G. Basavaraju ◽  
K. B. Surekha
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Entire Network

In the most of the real world scenarios, wireless sensor networks are used. Some of the major tasks of these types of networks is to sense some information and sending it to monitoring system or tracking some activity etc. In such applications, the sensor nodes are deployed in large area and in considerably large numbers [1]-[3]. Each of these node will be having constrained resources whether it might be energy, memory or processing capability. Energy is the major resource constraint in these types of networks. Hence enough care to be taken in all aspects such that energy can be used very efficiently. Different Activities which will be taking place in a sensor node are sensing, radio operations and receiving and computing. Among all these operations, radio consumes maximum power. Hence there is a need of reducing the power consumption in such radio operations. In the proposed work a software module is developed which will reduce the number of transmissions done to the base station. The work compares the consecutively sensed data and if these data are same then the old data then the old data will be retained. In other case the newly sensed data will be sent to the sink node. This technique reduces the number of data transmissions in a significant way. With the reduced number of transmissions, the energy saved in each node will be more, which will increase the lifetime of the entire network.

An Energy-Efficient Multilevel Clustering Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 286-305
Author(s):  
Surender Soni ◽  
Vivek Katiyar ◽  
Narottam Chand
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Topology Management ◽  
Clustering Protocol ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are generally believed to be homogeneous, but some sensor nodes of higher energy can be used to prolong the lifetime and reliability of WSNs. This gives birth to the concept of Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (HWSNs). Clustering is an important technique to prolong the lifetime of WSNs and to reduce energy consumption as well, by topology management and routing. HWSNs are popular in real deployments (Corchado et al., 2010), and have a large area of coverage. In such scenarios, for better connectivity, the need for multilevel clustering protocols arises. In this paper, the authors propose an energy-efficient protocol called heterogeneous multilevel clustering and aggregation (HMCA) for HWSNs. HMCA is simulated and compared with existing multilevel clustering protocol EEMC (Jin et al., 2008) for homogeneous WSN. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol performs better.

Short-Hops vs. Long-Hops

2014 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Mekkaoui Kheireddine ◽  
Rahmoun Abdellatif
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Energy Consuming

Sensor networks are composed of miniaturized wireless sensor nodes with limited capacity and energy source. Generally, these sensor networks are used, in many applications, to monitor inaccessible environments (battlefields, volcano monitoring, animal tracking…), hence the impossibility to replace or to recharge the batteries. As sensors may be deployed in a large area, radio transceivers are the most energy consuming of sensor nodes, which means that their usage needs to be very efficient in order to maximize node life, which leads us to maximize the network's life. In wireless sensor networks and in order to transmit its data, a node can route its messages towards destination, generally the base station, either by using small or large hops, so optimizing the hop length can extend significantly the lifetime of the network. This chapter provides a simple way to verify, which makes the energy consumption minimal by choosing proper hop length.

The Sprinkler Irrigation System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 1769-1773
Author(s):  
Xiang Hua Xu ◽  
Wei Xing Wang ◽  
Yue Ming Hu ◽  
Song Bin Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Irrigation Technology

China is a country with serious shortage of water resources,water resources problem isn't just a matter of resources, but also a significant strategic question related to national economic and social sustainable development. Using efficient intelligent water-saving irrigation technology has become the general trend of irrigation technology all over the world. Is proposed a kind of intelligent irrigation system based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), can be used to realize large area such as landscaping, field crop on a large scale irrigation control,real-time monitoring of large area of soil's temperature and humidity distribution, and keep the block in the most appropriate humidity range to the growth of the crop, which effectively implement water-saving irrigation.

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