Perirhinal cortex activity during visual object discrimination: An event-related fMRI study

NeuroImage ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 362-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy C.H. Lee ◽  
Stephan Bandelow ◽  
Christian Schwarzbauer ◽  
Richard N.A. Henson ◽  
Kim S. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Perirhinal Cortex ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Object Discrimination ◽  
Fmri Study

Encoding of novel picture pairs activates the perirhinal cortex: An fMRI study

Hippocampus ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maija Pihlajamäki ◽  
Heikki Tanila ◽  
Tuomo Hänninen ◽  
Mervi Könönen ◽  
Mia Mikkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perirhinal Cortex ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Reversible inactivation of different millimeter-scale regions of primate IT results in different patterns of core object recognition deficits

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Rajalingham ◽  
James J. DiCarlo
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Object Discrimination ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Reversible Inactivation

Extensive research suggests that the inferior temporal (IT) population supports visual object recognition behavior. However, causal evidence for this hypothesis has been equivocal, particularly beyond the specific case of face-selective sub-regions of IT. Here, we directly tested this hypothesis by pharmacologically inactivating individual, millimeter-scale sub-regions of IT while monkeys performed several object discrimination tasks, interleaved trial-by-trial. First, we observed that IT inactivation resulted in reliable contralateral-biased task-selective behavioral deficits. Moreover, inactivating different IT sub-regions resulted in different patterns of task deficits, each predicted by that sub-region’s neuronal object discriminability. Finally, the similarity between different inactivation effects was tightly related to the anatomical distance between corresponding inactivation sites. Taken together, these results provide direct evidence that IT cortex causally supports general core object recognition, and that the underlying IT codes are topographically organized.

scholarly journals Visual Object Discrimination Impairment as an Early Predictor of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Gaynor ◽  
Rosie E. Curiel Cid ◽  
Ailyn Penate ◽  
Mónica Rosselli ◽  
Sara N. Burke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Inverse Function ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Object Discrimination ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Novel Object

AbstractObjective:Detection of cognitive impairment suggestive of risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression is crucial to the prevention of incipient dementia. This study was performed to determine if performance on a novel object discrimination task improved identification of earlier deficits in older adults at risk for AD.Method:In total, 135 participants from the 1Florida Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center [cognitively normal (CN), Pre-mild cognitive impairment (PreMCI), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and dementia] completed a test of object discrimination and traditional memory measures in the context of a larger neuropsychological and clinical evaluation.Results:The Object Recognition and Discrimination Task (ORDT) revealed significant differences between the PreMCI, aMCI, and dementia groups versus CN individuals. Moreover, relative risk of being classified as PreMCI rather than CN increased as an inverse function of ORDT score.Discussion:Overall, the obtained results suggest that a novel object discrimination task improves the detection of very early AD-related cognitive impairment, increasing the window for therapeutic intervention. (JINS, 2019,25, 688–698)

scholarly journals Tactile information improves visual object discrimination in kea, Nestor notabilis, and capuchin monkeys, Sapajus spp.

2018 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Carducci ◽  
Raoul Schwing ◽  
Ludwig Huber ◽  
Valentina Truppa
Keyword(s):  
Visual Object ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys ◽  
Object Discrimination ◽  
Tactile Information

scholarly journals Mid-fusiform Activation during Object Discrimination Reflects the Process of Differentiating Structural Descriptions

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1711-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Liu ◽  
Nicholas A. Steinmetz ◽  
Alison B. Farley ◽  
Charles D. Smith ◽  
Jane E. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Fusiform Gyrus ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Object Discrimination ◽  
Color Information ◽  
Structural Differentiation ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Specific Stimulus ◽  
Structural Descriptions

The present study explored constraints on mid-fusiform activation during object discrimination. In three experiments, participants performed a matching task on simple line configurations, nameable objects, three dimensional (3-D) shapes, and colors. Significant bilateral mid-fusiform activation emerged when participants matched objects and 3-D shapes, as compared to when they matched two-dimensional (2-D) line configurations and colors, indicating that the mid-fusiform is engaged more strongly for processing structural descriptions (e.g., comparing 3-D volumetric shape) than perceptual descriptions (e.g., comparing 2-D or color information). In two of the experiments, the same mid-fusiform regions were also modulated by the degree of structural similarity between stimuli, implicating a role for the mid-fusiform in fine differentiation of similar visual object representations. Importantly, however, this process of fine differentiation occurred at the level of structural, but not perceptual, descriptions. Moreover, mid-fusiform activity was more robust when participants matched shape compared to color information using the identical stimuli, indicating that activity in the mid-fusiform gyrus is not driven by specific stimulus properties, but rather by the process of distinguishing stimuli based on shape information. Taken together, these findings further clarify the nature of object processing in the mid-fusiform gyrus. This region is engaged specifically in structural differentiation, a critical component process of object recognition and categorization.

The Neural Correlates of Object Familiarity and Domain Specificity in the Human Visual Cortex: An fMRI Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2878-2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Daniele Zannino ◽  
Francesco Barban ◽  
Emiliano Macaluso ◽  
Carlo Caltagirone ◽  
Giovanni A. Carlesimo
Keyword(s):  
Functional Organization ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Visual Noise ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Functional Locus ◽  
Object Familiarity

Ventral occipito-temporal cortex is known to play a major role in visual object recognition. Still unknown is whether object familiarity and semantic domain are critical factors in its functional organization. Most models assume a functional locus where exemplars of familiar categories are represented: the structural description system. On the assumption that familiarity should modulate the effect of visual noise on form recognition, we attempted to individualize the structural description system by scanning healthy subjects while they looked at familiar (living and nonliving things) and novel 3-D objects, either with increasing or decreasing visual noise. Familiarity modulated the visual noise effect (particularly when familiar items were living things), revealing a substrate for the structural description system in right occipito-temporal cortex. These regions also responded preferentially to living as compared to nonliving items. Overall, these results suggest that living items are particularly reliant on the structural description system.

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