The combination of vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids has an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect on microglia

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kurtys ◽  
U.L.M. Eisel ◽  
J.M. Verkuyl ◽  
L.M. Broersen ◽  
R.A.J.O. Dierckx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in Guinea pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Neeraj Sadiq ◽  
Prabhat Ghatate ◽  
Usha Shree ◽  
Syeda Ayesha Fatima ◽  
P Raghunath Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

: We need drugs to decrease inflammation as well as have very less side effects. Review of literature mentioned anti-inflammatory action of Omega 3 fatty acids. Hence, we selected this drug. Our aim was to find the anti-inflammatory effect of Omega 3 fatty acid using animal model.: The study is objective animal study where measurement of inflammation was done by observational methodology, for the present study four groups were made- 6 Guinea pigs in each group. Control guinea pigs were fed distilled water, second group standard drug indomethacin 4mg/ kg body wt, test group 1 received 1200mg/kg body wt, test group II received 2400mg/kg body wt of Omega 3 fatty acid. All drugs given orally 30 minutes before exposure to UV radiation of 30 seconds duration was given and inflammation was observed at 6, 12 and 24 hrs after UV exposure in the form of scoring.Statistical significance was calculated using Anova method. For statistical analysis we have used SPSS system version 20. Inflammation was observed in all the four groups of Guinea pigs, there was significant anti-inflammatory effect of omega 3 fatty acid in the dose of 1200mg/kg body wt and 2400mg/kg body wt at 12 and 24 hours. Omega 3 fatty acids 1200mg/kg body wt orally produced significant anti-inflammatory effect against UV radiation induced inflammation in Guinea pigs at 12 and 24 hrs. However, standard drug could produce significant anti-inflammatory effect only at 24 hrs in comparison to control group. The anti-inflammatory effects of test 1, test 2 groups and standard group are comparable.

scholarly journals The potential role of omega-3 fatty acids supplements in increasing athletic performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Șerban Gligor ◽  
Răzvan Gligor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Polyunsaturated omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are essential fatty acids that cannot be produced by the body itself and therefore must be provided through nutrition. Omega-6 and particularly omega-3 fatty acids have important roles in the organism, contributing to the maintenance and promotion of health. The optimal proportion of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids is 2:1, or even better 1:1. They are involved in normal growth and development, play a role in the prevention of coronary and cardiovascular diseases, of diabetes mellitus, of arterial hypertension, arthritis and cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids mainly have an anti-inflammatory effect, but also act as hypolipidemic and antithrombotic agents. A potential role of omega-3 fatty acids is that of increasing physical performance. Their role in the physical activity refers on one side to the global health of athletes and on the other side to their anti-inflammatory effect, as high intensity physical exercise induces increased free-radical production and microtraumas, with the induction of an inflammatory status. The anti-inflammatory effect of these fatty acids manifests through an increased production of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, through decreasing the production of prostaglandins metabolites, decreasing the production of leukotriene B4, etc. They are also effective on reducing muscle pain post eccentric exercise and on decreasing the severity of bronchoconstriction induced by exercise, as well as improving pulmonary function variables. In conclusion it seems that supplementing diets with omega-3 fatty acids, apart from having benefic effects on health and on the prevention and management of certain affections, proves to be a beneficial for physical activity and athletic performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate on Cartilage Metabolism in OA: Outlook on Other Nutrient Partners Especially Omega-3 Fatty Acids

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Jerosch
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysate ◽  
Cartilage Metabolism ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that is characterized by increasing loss of cartilage, remodeling of the periarticular bone, and inflammation of the synovial membrane. Besides the common OA therapy with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the treatment with chondroprotectives, such as glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, collagen hydrolysate, or nutrients, such as antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids is a promising therapeutic approach. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated that the targeted administration of selected micronutrients leads to a more effective reduction of OA symptoms, with less adverse events. Their chondroprotective action can be explained by a dual mechanism: (1) as basic components of cartilage and synovial fluid, they stimulate the anabolic process of the cartilage metabolism; (2) their anti-inflammatory action can delay many inflammation-induced catabolic processes in the cartilage. These two mechanisms are able to slow the progression of cartilage destruction and may help to regenerate the joint structure, leading to reduced pain and increased mobility of the affected joint.

scholarly journals α- Linolenic Acid Modulates Phagocytosis of Extracellular Tau and Induces Microglial Migration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Eknath Desale ◽  
Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Microtubule Organizing Center ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Organizing Center ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background The seeding effect of extracellular Tau species is an emerging aspect to study the Tauopathies in Alzheimer’s disease. Tau seeds enhance the propagation of disease along with its contribution to microglia-mediated inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids are known to exert the anti-inflammatory property to microglia by modulating cell membrane compositions. The immunomodulatory function of omega-3 fatty acids exerts anti-inflammatory properties to microglia. Owing to the imparted anti-inflammatory nature enhance phagocytosis and increased migration property has been observed in microglia. The dietary omega-3 fatty acids are found to change the lipid composition of the cell membrane that predominated many signaling cascades and by modulating specific receptor response. Thus the omega-3 fatty acids influence microglial response in Tauopathy. Methods N9 microglia cells were exposed to extracellular full-length Tau monomer and aggregates along with ALA (α- Linolenic acid) to study the internalization of exposed Tau. The degradation of internalized Tau studied with the endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. The final degradation step in phagocytosis has been studied with LAMP-2A as lysosomal markers. The changes in the rate of migration of microglia were assessed by wound-scratch assay along with Microtubule organizing center (MTOC) reorientation were studied after exposure of Tau and ALA as the property of highly migratory microglia. Results The increased phagocytosis of extracellular Tau monomer and aggregates has been observed upon ALA exposure to microglia cells. The intracellular degradation of internalized Tau species was targeted by early and late endosomal markers Rab5 and Rab7. The increased levels of LAMP-2A and colocalization with internalized Tau indicated the degradation via lysosome. These results indicate the degradation of internalized Tau species in the presence of ALA instead of getting accumulated in the cell. The enhanced migratory ability of microglia in the presence of ALA induces the MTOC repolarization and reduces the nuclear-centrosomal axis polarity and favorable anterior positioning of MTOC. Conclusions Tau seeds greatly contribute to the spread of disease, one way to reduce the spreading is to reduce the presence of extracellular Tau seed. Microglia could be influenced to reduce extracellular Tau seed with dietary fatty acids. Our results suggest that dietary fatty acids ALA significantly enhances phagocytosis and intracellular degradation of internalized Tau. Enhanced migration supports the phagocytosis process. Our approach provides insights into the beneficial role of ALA as an anti-inflammatory dietary supplement to treat AD.

Cervical epidural hematoma following interlaminar epidural steroid injection via the contralateral oblique view in patient taking omega-3 fatty acids

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew Beasley ◽  
Johnathan H. Goree
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Epidural Hematoma ◽  
Steroid Injection ◽  
Epidural Steroid Injection ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oblique View ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection ◽  
Epidural Steroid

Background and objectivesWe sought to describe a case of an epidural hematoma after a cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection (ILESI) performed using contralateral oblique view. We also discuss factors that could have placed this patient at increased risk, including concurrent use of omega-3 fatty acids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications.Case reportA 74-year-old woman returned to the pain clinic, within 15 min of discharge, after an apparent uncomplicated cervical ILESI using the contralateral oblique technique with severe periscapular pain and muscle spasms. Cervical MRI showed a large epidural hematoma which was subsequently emergently evacuated. On postoperative examination, the patient had no neurologic deficits and full resolution of her painful symptoms.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first reported case of cervical epidural hematoma in which the contralateral oblique technique was used. Also, this is the second case in which the combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and omega-3 fatty acids has been considered as a contributor to increased hematoma risk. This case underscores the risk of epidural hematoma using a novel fluoroscopic technique and the need for potential discontinuation of supplements like omega-3 fatty acids.

scholarly journals An Overview of Analeptic Applications of Omega-3 Fatty Acids

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-118
Author(s):  
Bharat Kwatra ◽  
Harsimran Kaur ◽  
Joydip Majumdar ◽  
Mahek Shah ◽  
Mansi Upadhyaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

This article is an examination of the Analeptic Applications of Omega-3. The scientific development and subsequent clinical applications of Omega-3 in Healthcare continue to influence researchers all over the globe today. This article examines the research done and published by researchers and scientists. Consideration of current trends and data in scientific queries and demonstrates further aspects of the applications of Omega-3 on various health backgrounds, including. Cardiovascular Health: The study addresses the comparison of Omega-3 and Omega-6 in cardiovascular diseases. Higher intake of dietary Omega-3 helps activation, inhibition, and alteration of metabolic and signaling pathways which is associated with better cardiovascular health, while Omega-6 decreases the risk of coronary heart diseases and cardiovascular disease mortality. Immunology: Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) have been found to show an anti-inflammatory effect in the body by downregulating the activation of various immune cells. They regulate immunological functions via eicosanoids and resolvins which are anti-inflammatory. External supplementation can reduce chronic and acute inflammation as well as reduce the chances of graft rejection. The regulatory effect is shown by modifying gene expression and/or signal transduction in human cells. They are also involved in altering the membrane composition of Fatty Acids(FA) and as a result, they affect the lipid raft structure and also membrane trafficking. Joint Health: The study shows the effects of omega-3 and other fatty acid consumption in Rheumatoid Arthritis(RA), bone marrow lesions, and knee cartilage lesions. It notes the interrelations between synovitis, plasma levels of Omega-3 and Omega-6 PUFAs in OsteoArthritis (OA) patients along with risk factors for OA, which could help consider liable treatments for improvement of OA. The study highlights the importance of the Omega-6:Omega-3 PUFA ratio and clinical and functional outcome measures which can help us in better understanding the role of PUFAs and possible treatments for people with knee osteoarthritis while showing the effect of Omega-3 fatty acids on muscle health in RA. Skin Disorders: Fish oils rich in PUFAs are reported to improve several inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. They have also been broadly reported as a potential supplement to ameliorate the severity of some skin disorders such as photoaging, skin cancer, allergy, dermatitis, cutaneous wounds, and melanogenesis. The significance of omega-3 in skin structure was proved by describing a syndrome caused by stringent fat reduction in the diet that leads to erythema with scaling, hair loss, itching, and increased water loss.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin D Decrease Plasma T-tau, GFAP, and UCH-L1 in Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 924-924
Author(s):  
Angus Scrimgeour ◽  
Michelle Condlin ◽  
Andrei Loban ◽  
James DeMar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Voluntary Running ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
T Tau

Abstract Objectives Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in neuronal, axonal and glial damage. Interventions targeting neuroinflammation to enhance recovery from TBI are needed. Exercise is known to improve cognitive function in TBI patients. Omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D reportedly reduce inflammation, and in combination, might improve TBI outcomes. This study examined how an anti-inflammatory diet affected plasma TBI biomarkers, voluntary exercise and behavior following exposure to mild TBI (mTBI). Methods Adult, male rats were individually housed in cages fitted with voluntary running wheels and daily running distance was recorded during the study. A modified weight drop method induced mTBI, and during 30 days post-injury, rats were fed diets supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D3 (AIDM diet), or non-supplemented AIN-76A diets (CON diet). Behavioral tests were periodically conducted to assess functional deficits. Plasma levels of Total tau (T-tau), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L) were measured at 48 h, 14 d and 30 d post-injury. Fatty acid composition of food, plasma and brain tissues was determined. Results In rats exposed to mTBI, NF-L levels were significantly elevated at 48 h post-injury (P < 0.005), and decreased to levels seen in uninjured rats by 14 d post-injury. T-tau, GFAP and UCH-L1 plasma levels did not change at 48 h or 14 d post-injury. However, at 30 d post-injury, T-tau, GFAP and UCH-L1 all significantly increased in rats exposed to mTBI and fed CON diets (P < 0.005), but not in rats fed AIDM diets. Behavioral tests conducted post-injury showed that exercise counteracted cognitive deficits associated with mTBI. The AIDM diets significantly increased docosahexaenoic acid levels in plasma and brain tissue (P < 0.05), and in serum levels of vitamin D (P < 0.05). Conclusions The anti-inflammatory diet significantly altered the temporal profiles of plasma T-tau, GFAP and UCH-L1 following mTBI. Voluntary running exercise protected against mTBI-induced cognitive deficits, but had no impact on plasma levels of neurotrauma biomarkers. Thus the prophylactic effect of exercise, when combined with an anti-inflammatory diet, may facilitate recovery in patients with mTBI. Funding Sources U.S. Army MRDC.

scholarly journals α-Linolenic acid induces clearance of Tau seed via Actin-remodeling in Microglia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Eknath Desale ◽  
Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Actin Remodeling ◽  
Membrane Ruffling ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Tau seeds exhibit a detrimental role in the spread of disease in Alzheimer’s disease. These species are found to be neurotoxic and activate microglia. However, the activation of microglia in pro-inflammatory response further elevates neurodegeneration. Omega-3 dietary fatty acids, on the other hand; exert an anti-inflammatory response by microglia. Along with the receptor expression, omega-3 fatty acids influence various important cellular functions. The role of omega-3 fatty acids on actin remodeling, which is the basis of cellular functions such as migration and phagocytosis is not known. Here in this study, we focus on effect of dietary supplement of ALA on extracellular Tau internalization and assisted actin polymerization for the process. ALA is found to induce membrane ruffling and phagocytic cup formation along with cytoskeletal rearrangement to induce lamellipodia and filopodia at the front end to move forward and assist the cell to identify the target. ALA is observed to promote the internalization of Tau and necessary actin remodeling for phagocytosis. Methods α-Linolenic (ALA) acid has been used for the study. ALA was dissolved in 100% ethanol and solubilized at 50°C for 2 hours. The human Tau aggregates was prepared in vitro for the internalization study in microglia in presence of α-Linolenic acids (ALA) via fluorescence microscopy with Apotome. The studied the role α-Linolenic acids (ALA) actin remodeling in cellular processes in presence of Tau seed. The study of actin structures lamellipodia, filopodia, and membrane ruffling along with Iba-1 and Arp2/3 complex was observed on ALA exposure. Results Extracellular Tau species are found to internalize more presence of ALA in microglia. The extensive polarization and migration was observed as indicated by extensive lamellipodia and filopodia formation. The formation of extensive actin branching in lamellipodia and membrane ruffling was studied with the help of ARP2/3 complex for nucleating actin network. The high density of ARP2/3 complex at the leading ends of migratory microglia confirmed the extensive branching of actin filaments on ALA exposure. Enhanced formation of lamellipodia and filopodia helps in migration and internalization of tau seed. The actin dynamics supports the phagocytosis process. Conclusion Our approach provides the insights of beneficial role of ALA as anti-inflammatory dietary supplement to treat AD. ALA induces internalization of Tau and necessary actin remodeling for phagocytosis.

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