A computational model of the primary auditory cortex exhibiting plasticity in the frequency representation

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilene de Pinho ◽  
Marcelo Mazza ◽  
Antônio C. Roque
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Frequency Representation

Frequency and amplitude representations in anterior primary auditory cortex of the mustached bat

1983 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1182-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asanuma ◽  
D. Wong ◽  
N. Suga
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Frequency Component ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Mustached Bat ◽  
Pteronotus Parnellii ◽  
Frequency Representation ◽  
Pure Tones

The orientation sound emitted by the Panamanian mustached bat, Pteronotus parnellii rubiginosus, consists of four harmonics. The third harmonic is 6-12 dB weaker than the predominant second harmonic and consists of a long constant-frequency component (CF3) at about 92 kHz and a short frequency-modulated component (FM3) sweeping from about 92 to 74 kHz. Our primary aim is to examine how CF3 and FM3 are represented in a region of the primary auditory cortex anterior to the Doppler-shifted constant-frequency (DSCF) area. Extracellular recordings of neuronal responses from the unanesthetized animal were obtained during free-field stimulation of the ears with pure tones. FM sounds, and signals simulating their orientation sounds and echoes. Response properties of neurons and tonotopic and amplitopic representations were examined in the primary and the anteroventral nonprimary auditory cortex. In the anterior primary auditory cortex, neurons responded strongly to single pure tones but showed no facilitative responses to paired stimuli. Neurons with best frequencies from 110 to 90 kHz were tonotopically organized rostrocaudally, with higher frequencies located more rostrally. Neurons tuned to 92-94 kHz were overpresented, whereas neurons tuned to sound between 64 and 91 kHz were rarely found. Consequently a striking discontinuity in frequency representation from 91 to 64 kHz was found across the anterior DSCF border. Most neurons exhibited monotonic impulse-count functions and responded maximally to sound pressure level (SPL). There were also neurons that responded best to weak sounds but unlike the DSCF area, amplitopic representation was not found. Thus, the DSCF area is quite unique not only in its extensive representation of frequencies in the second harmonic CF component but also in its amplitopic representation. The anteroventral nonprimary auditory cortex consisted of neurons broadly tuned to pure tones between 88 and 99 kHz. Neither tonotopic nor amplitopic representation was observed. Caudal to this area and near the anteroventral border of the DSCF area, a small cluster of FM-FM neurons sensitive to particular echo delays was identified. The responses of these neurons fluctuated significantly during repetitive stimulation.

Intensity Tuning of Neurons in The Primary Auditory Cortex of Albino Mouse

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Qiao-Zhen QI ◽  
Wen-Juan SI ◽  
Feng LUO ◽  
Xin WANG
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex

Influence of Primary Auditory Cortex in the Characterization of Autism Spectrum in Young Adults using Brain Connectivity Parameters and Deep Belief Networks: An fMRI Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1059-1073
Author(s):  
Vidhusha Srinivasan ◽  
N. Udayakumar ◽  
Kavitha Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Belief Networks ◽  
Deep Belief Networks ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Low Functioning

Background: The spectrum of autism encompasses High Functioning Autism (HFA) and Low Functioning Autism (LFA). Brain mapping studies have revealed that autism individuals have overlaps in brain behavioural characteristics. Generally, high functioning individuals are known to exhibit higher intelligence and better language processing abilities. However, specific mechanisms associated with their functional capabilities are still under research. Objective: This work addresses the overlapping phenomenon present in autism spectrum through functional connectivity patterns along with brain connectivity parameters and distinguishes the classes using deep belief networks. Methods: The task-based functional Magnetic Resonance Images (fMRI) of both high and low functioning autistic groups were acquired from ABIDE database, for 58 low functioning against 43 high functioning individuals while they were involved in a defined language processing task. The language processing regions of the brain, along with Default Mode Network (DMN) have been considered for the analysis. The functional connectivity maps have been plotted through graph theory procedures. Brain connectivity parameters such as Granger Causality (GC) and Phase Slope Index (PSI) have been calculated for the individual groups. These parameters have been fed to Deep Belief Networks (DBN) to classify the subjects under consideration as either LFA or HFA. Results: Results showed increased functional connectivity in high functioning subjects. It was found that the additional interaction of the Primary Auditory Cortex lying in the temporal lobe, with other regions of interest complimented their enhanced connectivity. Results were validated using DBN measuring the classification accuracy of 85.85% for high functioning and 81.71% for the low functioning group. Conclusion: Since it is known that autism involves enhanced, but imbalanced components of intelligence, the reason behind the supremacy of high functioning group in language processing and region responsible for enhanced connectivity has been recognized. Therefore, this work that suggests the effect of Primary Auditory Cortex in characterizing the dominance of language processing in high functioning young adults seems to be highly significant in discriminating different groups in autism spectrum.

scholarly journals Source identity shapes spatial preference in primary auditory cortex during active navigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Amaro ◽  
Dardo N. Ferreiro ◽  
Benedikt Grothe ◽  
Michael Pecka
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex ◽  
Spatial Preference

scholarly journals Neuronal figure-ground responses in primate primary auditory cortex

Cell Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 109242
Author(s):  
Felix Schneider ◽  
Fabien Balezeau ◽  
Claudia Distler ◽  
Yukiko Kikuchi ◽  
Jochem van Kempen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Primary Auditory Cortex
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