Étude microtomographique du canal facial chez 3 hominoïdes : Homo sapiens sapiens, Pan troglodytes et Pan paniscus. Étude des variations morphologiques inter-espèces

Morphologie ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (322) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
A. Andre ◽  
F. Lauwers ◽  
J. Braga
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Paniscus ◽  
Homo Sapiens

scholarly journals Relationships between the hard and soft dimensions of the nose in Pan troglodytes and Homo sapiens reveal the nasal protrusions of Plio-Pleistocene hominids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Campbell ◽  
Gabriel Vinas ◽  
Maciej Henneberg
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Paniscus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Symphalangus Syndactylus ◽  
Facial Approximation ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Joint Prediction

By identifying similarity in bone and soft tissue covariation patterns in hominids, it is possible to produce facial approximation methods that are compatible with more than one species of primate. In this study, we conducted an interspecific comparison of the nasomaxillary region in chimpanzees and modern humans with the aim of producing a method for predicting the nasal protrusions of ancient Plio-Pleistocene hominids. We addressed this aim by first collecting and performing regression analyses of linear and angular measurements of nasal cavity length and inclination in modern humans ( Homo  sapiens; n = 72) and chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ;  n  = 19), and then by performing a set of out-of-group tests. The first test was performed on two subjects that belonged to the same genus as the training sample, i.e.,  Homo  ( n  = 1) and  Pan  ( n  = 1), and the second test, which functioned as an interspecies compatibility test, was performed on  Pan paniscus  ( n  = 1),  Gorilla gorilla  ( n  = 3),  Pongo pygmaeus  ( n  = 1),  Pongo abelli  ( n  = 1),  Symphalangus syndactylus  ( n  = 3), and  Papio hamadryas  ( n  = 3). We identified statistically significant correlations in both humans and chimpanzees with slopes that displayed homogeneity of covariation. Joint prediction formulae were found to be compatible with humans and chimpanzees as well as all other African great apes, i.e., bonobos and gorillas. The main conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that regression models for approximating nasal projection are homogenous among humans and African apes and can thus be reasonably extended to ancestors leading to these clades.

Coming of age in Olduvai and the Zaire rain forest

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Leiber
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Pan Paniscus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Homo Habilis

AbstractProbably Homo habilis is two species not one; similarly for Pan troglodytes. Although amenable to training, in nature Pan paniscus may be a “specialized insular dwarf.” Language is uniquely human, but symbolic behavior and intelligence are widespread among animals with little respect for phylogenetic closeness to Homo sapiens.

scholarly journals Inter- and Intraspecific Variations in the Pectoral Muscles of Common Chimpanzees(Pan troglodytes), Bonobos(Pan paniscus), and Humans(Homo sapiens)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
J. M. Potau ◽  
J. Arias-Martorell ◽  
G. Bello-Hellegouarch ◽  
A. Casado ◽  
J. F. Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Pan Paniscus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Supraspinatus Tendon ◽  
Coracoid Process ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Anatomic Variations ◽  
Pectoralis Minor ◽  
Intraspecific Variations

We have analyzed anatomic variations in the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles of common chimpanzees(Pan troglodytes)and bonobos(Pan paniscus)and compared them to anatomic variations in these muscles in humans(Homo sapiens). We have macroscopically dissected these muscles in six adultPan troglodytes, fivePan paniscusof ages ranging from fetus to adult, and five adultHomo sapiens. AlthoughPan troglodytesare thought to lack a separate pectoralis abdominis muscle, we have identified this muscle in three of thePan troglodytes; none of thePan paniscus, however, had this muscle. We have also found deep supernumerary fascicles in the pectoralis major of twoPan troglodytesand all fivePan paniscus. In all sixPan troglodytes, the pectoralis minor was inserted at the supraspinatus tendon, while, inPan paniscusandHomo sapiens, it was inserted at the coracoid process of the scapula. Some of the anatomic features and variations of these muscles in common chimpanzees and bonobos are similar to those found in humans, therefore enhancing our knowledge of primate comparative anatomy and evolution and also shedding light on several clinical issues.

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