scholarly journals Continued Activity of the Pioneer Factor Zelda Is Required to Drive Zygotic Genome Activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-195.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. McDaniel ◽  
Tyler J. Gibson ◽  
Katharine N. Schulz ◽  
Meilin Fernandez Garcia ◽  
Markus Nevil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

CLAMP regulates Zygotic Genome Activation in Drosophila embryos

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Colonnetta ◽  
Juan E Abrahante ◽  
Paul Schedl ◽  
Daryl M Gohl ◽  
Girish Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Embryonic Patterning ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Drosophila Embryos ◽  
Zygotic Genome

Abstract Embryonic patterning is critically dependent on zygotic genome activation (ZGA). In Drosophila melanogaster embryos, the pioneer factor Zelda directs ZGA, possibly in conjunction with other factors. Here we have explored novel involvement of Chromatin-Linked Adapter for MSL Proteins (CLAMP) during ZGA. CLAMP binds thousands of sites genome-wide throughout early embryogenesis. Interestingly, CLAMP relocates to target promoter sequences across the genome when ZGA is initiated. Although there is a considerable overlap between CLAMP and Zelda binding sites, the proteins display distinct temporal dynamics. To assess whether CLAMP occupancy affects gene expression, we analyzed transcriptomes of embryos zygotically compromised for either clamp or zelda and found that transcript levels of many zygotically-activated genes are similarly affected. Importantly, compromising either clamp or zelda disrupted the expression of critical segmentation and sex determination genes bound by CLAMP (and Zelda). Furthermore, clamp knockdown embryos recapitulate other phenotypes observed in Zelda-depleted embryos, including nuclear division defects, centrosome aberrations, and a disorganized actomyosin network. Based on these data, we propose that CLAMP acts in concert with Zelda to regulate early zygotic transcription.

scholarly journals CLAMP and Zelda function together to promote Drosophila zygotic genome activation

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyue Duan ◽  
Leila Rieder ◽  
Megan M Colonnetta ◽  
Annie Huang ◽  
Mary Mckenney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Pioneer Transcription Factor ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

During the essential and conserved process of zygotic genome activation (ZGA), chromatin accessibility must increase to promote transcription. Drosophila is a well-established model for defining mechanisms that drive ZGA. Zelda (ZLD) is a key pioneer transcription factor (TF) that promotes ZGA in the Drosophila embryo. However, many genomic loci that contain GA-rich motifs become accessible during ZGA independent of ZLD. Therefore, we hypothesized that other early TFs that function with ZLD have not yet been identified, especially those that are capable of binding to GA-rich motifs such as CLAMP. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila embryonic development requires maternal CLAMP to: 1) activate zygotic transcription; 2) increase chromatin accessibility at promoters of specific genes that often encode other essential TFs; 3) enhance chromatin accessibility and facilitate ZLD occupancy at a subset of key embryonic promoters. Thus, CLAMP functions as a pioneer factor which plays a targeted yet essential role in ZGA.

scholarly journals Cohesin facilitates zygotic genome activation in zebrafish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Meier ◽  
Jenny Grant ◽  
Amy Dowdle ◽  
Amarni Thomas ◽  
Jennifer E. Gerton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Chromosome Architecture ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Cohesin Subunit ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

At zygotic genome activation (ZGA), changes in chromatin structure are associated with new transcription immediately following the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). The nuclear architectural proteins, cohesin and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), contribute to chromatin structure and gene regulation. We show here that normal cohesin function is important for ZGA in zebrafish. Depletion of cohesin subunit Rad21 delays ZGA without affecting cell cycle progression. In contrast, CTCF depletion has little effect on ZGA whereas complete abrogation is lethal. Genome wide analysis of Rad21 binding reveals a change in distribution from pericentromeric satellite DNA, and few locations including the miR-430 locus (whose products are responsible for maternal transcript degradation), to genes, as embryos progress through the MZT. After MZT, a subset of Rad21 binding occurs at genes dysregulated upon Rad21 depletion and overlaps pioneer factor Pou5f3, which activates early expressed genes. Rad21 depletion disrupts the formation of nucleoli and RNA polymerase II foci, suggestive of global defects in chromosome architecture. We propose that Rad21/cohesin redistribution to active areas of the genome is key to the establishment of chromosome organization and the embryonic developmental program.

scholarly journals Zygotic Genome Activation in Vertebrates

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jukam ◽  
S. Ali M. Shariati ◽  
Jan M. Skotheim
Keyword(s):  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

MouseXist expression begins at zygotic genome activation and is timed by a zygotic clock

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Zuccotti ◽  
Michele Boiani ◽  
Ruben Ponce ◽  
Stefano Guizzardi ◽  
Renato Scandroglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

scholarly journals Endodermal Maternal Transcription Factors Establish Super-Enhancers during Zygotic Genome Activation

Cell Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2962-2977.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitt D. Paraiso ◽  
Ira L. Blitz ◽  
Masani Coley ◽  
Jessica Cheung ◽  
Norihiro Sudou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome
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