Perspective: Cell danger response Biology—The new science that connects environmental health with mitochondria and the rising tide of chronic illness

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

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Applications of CCEM to Environmental Health Problems

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100117558 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 102-103

Author(s):

R. J. Lee ◽

J. S. Walker

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Image Analysis ◽

Environmental Health ◽

Computer Control ◽

External Agent ◽

External Agents ◽

Computer Controlled ◽

Primitive State ◽

Textural Changes ◽

General Aspects

Electron microscopy (EM), with the advent of computer control and image analysis techniques, is rapidly evolving from an interpretative science into a quantitative technique. Electron microscopy is potentially of value in two general aspects of environmental health: exposure and diagnosis.In diagnosis, electron microscopy is essentially an extension of optical microscopy. The goal is to characterize cellular changes induced by external agents. The external agent could be any foreign material, chemicals, or even stress. The use of electron microscopy as a diagnostic tool is well- developed, but computer-controlled electron microscopy (CCEM) has had only limited impact, mainly because it is fairly new and many institutions lack the resources to acquire the capability. In addition, major contributions to diagnosis will come from CCEM only when image analysis (IA) and processing algorithms are developed which allow the morphological and textural changes recognized by experienced medical practioners to be quantified. The application of IA techniques to compare cellular structure is still in a primitive state.

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Hearing the voices of children with chronic illness

Journal of Advanced Nursing ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01556.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 913 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Samantha A. Sartain

Keyword(s):

Chronic Illness

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Medicare Is Demonstrating A Focus on Chronic Illness

Internal Medicine News ◽

10.1016/s1097-8690(06)73988-9 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 39 (15) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

JOYCE FRIEDEN

Keyword(s):

Chronic Illness

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Emerging Nutrition Gaps in a World of Affluence - Micronutrient Intake and Status Globally

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000068 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 238-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manfred Eggersdorfer ◽

Paul Walter

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Human Health ◽

Old Age ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Health Benefit ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽

New Science ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Micronutrient Intake

Nutrition is important for human health in all stages of life - from conception to old age. Today we know much more about the molecular basis of nutrition. Most importantly, we have learnt that micronutrients, among other factors, interact with genes, and new science is increasingly providing more tools to clarify this interrelation between health and nutrition. Sufficient intake of vitamins is essential to achieve maximum health benefit. It is well established that in developing countries, millions of people still suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. However, it is far less recognized that we face micronutrient insufficiencies also in developed countries.

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