Proteome-scale identification and characterization of mitochondria targeting proteins of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: Potential virulence factors modulating host mitochondrial function

Mitochondrion ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarti Rana ◽  
Devender Kumar ◽  
Abdur Rub ◽  
Yusuf Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Mitochondria Targeting ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Identification and characterization of an immunogenic 22 kDa exported protein of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1083-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Dupont ◽  
Keith Thompson ◽  
Cord Heuer ◽  
Brigitte Gicquel ◽  
Alan Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterial Species ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Exported Protein ◽  
Culture Supernatants ◽  
Identification And Characterization

An exported 22 kDa putative lipoprotein was identified in an alkaline phosphatase gene fusion library of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and expressed in Mycobacterium smegmatis. The full nucleic acid sequence of the gene encoding P22 was determined and the ORF was cloned into a mycobacterial expression vector, enabling full-length P22 to be produced as a C-terminal polyhistidine-tagged protein in M. smegmatis. N-terminal sequencing of the recombinant protein confirmed cleavage of a signal sequence. Native P22 was detected in culture supernatants and cell sonicates of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strain 316F using rabbit antibody raised to recombinant P22. Investigation of the presence of similar genes in other mycobacterial species revealed that the gene was present in Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and similar genes existed in Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum. Database searches showed that P22 belonged to the LppX/LprAFG family of mycobacterial lipoproteins also found in Mycobacterium leprae and in members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. P22 shared less than 75 % identity to these proteins. Recombinant P22 was able to elicit interferon-gamma secretion in blood from eight of a group of nine sheep vaccinated with a live attenuated strain of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (strain 316F) compared to none from a group of five unvaccinated sheep. Antibody to P22 was detected by Western blot analysis in 10 out of 11 vaccinated sheep, in two out of two clinically affected cows and in 11 out of 13 subclinically infected cows.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in dairy cattle of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
◽  
I. P. Dhakal ◽  
U. M. Singh ◽  
B. Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Specific Sequences

Paratuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is an economically important, endemic in many parts of the globe, and regarded as high prevalent disease of domestic and wild animals, especially ruminants, which is manifest as chronic granulomatous enteritis with decreased milk production, with serious cases resulting in progressive emaciation and death. Understanding the genetic variability of MAP, strains are important in diagnosis, epidemiological investigation, and therefore the formation of strategies for prevention and control of the disease. Thus, this study was designed to grasp the molecular characterization of MAP isolates of Nepal, as pioneer research of this area. Total of 46 MAP isolates obtained from cattle population of three different locations of dairy pocket areas of Chitwan, Nepal were typed using IS1311 polymerase chain reaction-restriction endonuclease analysis (PCR-REA) to research the MAP genotype of Nepal. The extracted DNA samples (n=46) were analyzed for the presence of MAP specific sequences (IS900) using PCR and DNA samples were further subjected to genotype differentiation using IS1311 PCR-REA and IS1311 L2 PCR-REA methods. All the DNA samples were positive for the entire three MAP specific sequences based PCRs. This study revealed that ‘Bison type’ strain is the single most prevalent MAP genotype circulating within the domestic cattle population of Nepal. IS1311 PCR-REA showed that MAP DNA samples of Nepal origin belonged to ‘Bison type’, whereas, IS1311 L2 PCR-REA method showed similarity with "Indian Bison type" and different restriction profiles of ‘Bison type’ genotype as compared to non-Indian strains. The study concludes that in Nepal, "Bison type" MAP stains was prevalent in all the MAP samples obtained from dairy cattle. These results have important epidemiological implications regarding control and prevention of paratuberculosis in Nepal.

scholarly journals Acanthamoeba castellanii as a Screening Tool for Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Virulence Factors with Relevance in Macrophage Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Ida L. Phillips ◽  
Jamie L. Everman ◽  
Luiz E. Bermudez ◽  
Lia Danelishvili
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Intracellular Growth ◽  
Macrophage Infection ◽  
Selection Of

The high prevalence of Johne’s disease has driven a continuous effort to more readily understand the pathogenesis of the etiological causative bacterium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), and to develop effective preventative measures for infection spread. In this study, we aimed to create an in vivo MAP infection model employing an environmental protozoan host and used it as a tool for selection of bacterial virulence determinants potentially contributing to MAP survival in mammalian host macrophages. We utilized Acanthamoeba castellanii (amoeba) to explore metabolic consequences of the MAP-host interaction and established a correlation between metabolic changes of this phagocytic host and MAP virulence. Using the library of gene knockout mutants, we identified MAP clones that can either enhance or inhibit amoeba metabolism and we discovered that, for most part, it mirrors the pattern of MAP attenuation or survival during infection of macrophages. It was found that MAP mutants that induced an increase in amoeba metabolism were defective in intracellular growth in macrophages. However, MAP clones that exhibited low metabolic alteration in amoeba were able to survive at a greater rate within mammalian cells, highlighting importance of both category of genes in bacterial pathogenesis. Sequencing of MAP mutants has identified several virulence factors previously shown to have a biological relevance in mycobacterial survival and intracellular growth in phagocytic cells. In addition, we uncovered new genetic determinants potentially contributing to MAP pathogenicity. Results of this study support the use of the amoeba model system as a quick initial screening tool for selection of virulence factors of extremely slow-grower MAP that is challenging to study.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Pathogenic Aeromonas veronii Biovar Sobria Associated with Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome in Fish in Bangladesh

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 650-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhlasur Rahman ◽  
Patricia Colque-Navarro ◽  
Inger K�hn ◽  
Geert Huys ◽  
Jean Swings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fish Cell ◽  
Environmental Isolates ◽  
Fish Cell Lines ◽  
Aeromonas Veronii ◽  
Diseased Fish ◽  
Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome ◽  
Identification And Characterization

ABSTRACT Sparse information is available on the virulence factors of Aeromonas strains isolated from diseased fish, from the environment, and from humans. In the present study, 52 Aeromonas isolates obtained from epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) lesions in fish, from the aquatic environment, and from children with diarrhea in Bangladesh were identified by biochemical phenotyping (i.e., PhenePlate [PhP] typing) and DNA fingerprinting and then characterized with respect to certain putative virulence factors. The isolates from the fish exhibiting EUS symptoms were identified to be Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria by fatty acid methyl ester analysis and amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting. Biochemical phenotyping revealed that all EUS-associated isolates belonged to a unique phenotype which was not identified among more than 1,600 environmental and diarrheal isolates in a previously collected database of PhP types of Bangladeshi Aeromonas isolates. The 52 Aeromonas isolates were investigated for the production of hemolysin and cytotoxin; for hemagglutination with erythrocytes from fish, human, and rabbit sources; for the presence of a cytolytic enterotoxin gene; and for adhesion to and invasion into fish cell lines. All of the EUS isolates produced all of the virulence factors investigated, as did also some of the environmental isolates, but the isolates from EUS were unique in their ability to agglutinate fish erythrocytes. Our results suggest that a clonal group of A. veronii biovar sobria is associated with, and may be a causative agent of, EUS in fish in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Spore-Like Morphotype in Chronically Starved Mycobacterium avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Cultures

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e30648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise A. Lamont ◽  
John P. Bannantine ◽  
Aníbal Armién ◽  
Don Sanjiv Ariyakumar ◽  
Srinand Sreevatsan
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Characterization of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis disseminated infection in dairy cattle and its association with antemortem test results

2008 ◽  
Vol 127 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 300-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
María C. Antognoli ◽  
Franklyn B. Garry ◽  
Heather L. Hirst ◽  
Jason E. Lombard ◽  
Michelle M. Dennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Disseminated Infection
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