Structural features of human tooth tissues affected by high dose of external ionizing radiation after nuclear catastrophe of Chernobyl plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Darchuk ◽  
L.V. Zaverbna ◽  
A. Worobiec ◽  
R. Van Grieken
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Nuclear Catastrophe

The Effect of High-Dose Ionizing Radiation on the Isolated Photobiont of the Astrobiological Model LichenCircinaria gyrosa

Astrobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Meeßen ◽  
Theresa Backhaus ◽  
Annette Brandt ◽  
Marina Raguse ◽  
Ute Böttger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
High Dose

Natural Melanin Produced in Fungi Protects Cells from High Dose Ionizing Radiation: An EPR Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. S167
Author(s):  
Abdelahad Khajo ◽  
Ruth A Bryan ◽  
Matthew Friedman ◽  
Arturo Casadevall ◽  
Ekaterina Dadachova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
High Dose

scholarly journals In Vivo Study of the Efficacy and Safety of 5-Aminolevulinic Radiodynamic Therapy for Glioblastoma Fractionated Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9762
Author(s):  
Junko Takahashi ◽  
Shinsuke Nagasawa ◽  
Motomichi Doi ◽  
Masamichi Takahashi ◽  
Yoshitaka Narita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Photodynamic Diagnosis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Severe Toxicity ◽  
Fractionated Radiotherapy ◽  
Post Surgery

To treat malignant glioma, standard fractionated radiotherapy (RT; 60 Gy/30 fractions over 6 weeks) was performed post-surgery in combination with temozolomide to improve overall survival. Malignant glioblastoma recurrence rate is extremely high, and most recurrent tumors originate from the excision cavity in the high-dose irradiation region. In our previous study, protoporphyrin IX physicochemically enhanced reactive oxygen species generation by ionizing radiation and combined treatment with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and ionizing radiation, while radiodynamic therapy (RDT) improved tumor growth suppression in vivo in a melanoma mouse model. We examined the effect of 5-ALA RDT on the standard fractionated RT protocol using U251MG- or U87MG-bearing mice. 5-ALA was orally administered at 60 or 120 mg/kg, 4 h prior to irradiation. In both models, combined treatment with 5-ALA slowed tumor progression and promoted regression compared to treatment with ionizing radiation alone. The standard fractionated RT protocol of 60 Gy in 30 fractions with oral administration of 120 and 240 mg/kg 5-ALA, the human equivalent dose of photodynamic diagnosis, revealed no significant increase in toxicity to normal skin or brain tissue compared to ionizing radiation alone. Thus, RDT is expected to enhance RT treatment of glioblastoma without severe toxicity under clinically feasible conditions.

scholarly journals Restoration of DNA Integrity and Cell Cycle by Electric Stimulation in Planarian Tissues Damaged by Ionizing Radiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Davidian ◽  
Melanie LeGro ◽  
Paul Barghouth ◽  
Salvador Rojas ◽  
Benjamin Ziman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Electric Stimulation ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Stem Cell Markers

Exposure to high levels of ionizing y-radiation leads to irreversible DNA damage and cell death. Here, we establish that exogenous application of electric stimulation enables cellular plasticity to reestablish stem cell activity in tissues damaged by ionizing radiation. We show that sub-threshold direct current stimulation (DCS) rapidly restores pluripotent stem cell populations previously eliminated by lethally y-irradiated tissues of the planarian flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea. Our findings reveal that DCS enhances DNA repair, transcriptional activity, and cell cycle entry in post-mitotic cells. These responses involve rapid increases in cytosolic [Ca2+] through the activation of L-type Cav channels and intracellular Ca2+ stores leading to the activation of immediate early genes and ectopic expression of stem cell markers in postmitotic cells. Overall, we show the potential of electric current stimulation to reverse damaging effects of high dose y-radiation in adult tissues. Furthermore, our results provide mechanistic insights describing how electric stimulation effectively translates into molecular responses capable of regulating fundamental cellular functions without the need for genetic or pharmacological intervention.

scholarly journals Phosphoprotein profiles of candidate markers for early cellular responses to low-dose γ-radiation in normal human fibroblast cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hye Yim ◽  
Jung Mi Yun ◽  
Ji Young Kim ◽  
In Kyung Lee ◽  
Seon Young Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Human Fibroblast ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Normal Human Fibroblast ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Dose Radiation ◽  
In Cells

Abstract Ionizing radiation causes biological damage that leads to severe health effects. However, the effects and subsequent health implications caused by exposure to low-dose radiation are unclear. The objective of this study was to determine phosphoprotein profiles in normal human fibroblast cell lines in response to low-dose and high-dose γ-radiation. We examined the cellular response in MRC-5 cells 0.5 h after exposure to 0.05 or 2 Gy. Using 1318 antibodies by antibody array, we observed ≥1.3-fold increases in a number of identified phosphoproteins in cells subjected to low-dose (0.05 Gy) and high-dose (2 Gy) radiation, suggesting that both radiation levels stimulate distinct signaling pathways. Low-dose radiation induced nucleic acid–binding transcription factor activity, developmental processes, and multicellular organismal processes. By contrast, high-dose radiation stimulated apoptotic processes, cell adhesion and regulation, and cellular organization and biogenesis. We found that phospho-BTK (Tyr550) and phospho-Gab2 (Tyr643) protein levels at 0.5 h after treatment were higher in cells subjected to low-dose radiation than in cells treated with high-dose radiation. We also determined that the phosphorylation of BTK and Gab2 in response to ionizing radiation was regulated in a dose-dependent manner in MRC-5 and NHDF cells. Our study provides new insights into the biological responses to low-dose γ-radiation and identifies potential candidate markers for monitoring exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation.

Sucrose as double-signal high-dose dosimeter for ionizing radiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Peimel-Stuglik ◽  
Sławomir Fabisiak
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
High Dose
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