Analysis of 60 PCB congeners in drinkable water samples at 10–50 pg/L level

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Turrio-Baldassarri ◽  
Annalisa Abballe ◽  
Marialuisa Casella ◽  
Alessandro di Domenico ◽  
Nicola Iacovella ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
MARCO ANTONIO FERREIRA GOMES ◽  
CLÁUDIO A. SPADOTTO ◽  
VERA LÚCIA LANCHOTTE

Pretendeu-se mostrar que o herbicida Tebuthiuron, selecionado entre outros usados na cultura de cana-de-açúcar, oferece risco de contaminação para a água subterrânea em função de suas características físico-químicas, principalmente, quando aplicado em áreas de recarga direta de aqüíferos consideradas de alta vulnerabilidade natural. Assim, efetuou-se monitoramento do referido herbicida no período compreendido entre 1995 e 1999, coletando amostras de água de poço semi-artesiano, com 53 metros de profundidade, localizado na microbacia do Córrego Espraiado, município de Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brasil, no qual tem sido freqüente o uso do produto em questão. Para efeito de testemunha da amostra de água foi considerado um poço semi-artesiano de profundidade semelhante, localizado cerca de três quilômetros de distância do poço objeto de monitoramento. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o Tebuthiuron está presente em todas as amostras analisadas, embora em concentrações abaixo do nível crítico para padrão de potabilidade, conforme os limites mais restritivos estabelecidos pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (para os pesticidas em uso é de 0,1 µg/L por pesticida e de 0,5 µg/L para pesticidas totais). Mesmo com os baixos valores de concentração encontrados fica evidente que o Tebuthiuron está atingindo a água subterrânea podendo aumentar sua concentração pela existência de condições ambientais favoráveis à preservação da molécula em profundidade (tais como baixa temperatura, baixa atividade biológica e ausência de luz). Caso o nível crítico seja atingido, o risco de contaminação poderia ser minimizado por meio da substituição do Tebuthiuron por outro herbicida com menor mobilidade no perfil do solo. OCCURRENCE OF THE HERBICIDE TEBUTHIURON IN GROUNDWATER OF ESPRAIADO CATCHMENT RIBEIRAO PRETO - SP (BRASIL) Abstract The herbicide Tebuthiuron, selected among others utilized in sugar-cane crop, shows groundwater contamination risk due to its physicochemical properties, mainly, when applied in direct recharge areas of aquifers considered of high natural vulnerability. In this context, the monitoring of this herbicide in the period of 1995 through 1999 was realized, by collecting water samples of aquifers 53 m depht, located in Espraiado catchment, Ribeirao Preto/SP (Brazil) in which the product has been extensively used. For blank assays it was utilized water samples collected similarly 3 Km away from the monitoring area. The results obtained showed that Tebuthiuron is present in all analyzed samples. Although in lower concentrations of the critical level for drinkable water, following the restrictive limits established by World Health Organization (for pesticides in use is 0,1 µg/L by pesticide and of 0,5 µg/L for total pesticides). Even if the low concentration values found it is evident that the Tebuthiuron affects the groundwater, and could enhance its concentration by favorable ambiental conditions for molecule preservation in deep water (such as low temperature, low biological activity and absence of light). The present scenary reflects contamination risk in case of reaching the critical level, which could only be minimized by the substitution of Thebuthiuron for other herbicide with lower soil mobility.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheed A. Adio ◽  
Emmanuel A. Osowade ◽  
Adam O. Muritala ◽  
Adebayo A. Fadairo ◽  
Kamar T. Oladepo ◽  
...  

Abstract. The inherent havoc caused by scarcity of potable water and transmission of water-borne diseases in some parts of Nigeria have created a public health concern. This study seeks to investigate water purification of four different water samples (namely: water from flowing river; freshly dug well or groundwater; rainwater from the rooftop; and heavily polluted dirty water) consumed by the people in the local community using solar desalination method. A single basin solar still was constructed and experimental studies were carried out to determine the influence of solar insolation and temperature variations on the yield of the distillate. The quality of the distillate was tested by measuring the total dissolved solid (TDS) and electrical conductivity. These were compared to World Health Organization (WHO) standard for drinkable water. These parameters were measured for each water sample before and after desalination to determine the efficiency of the solar still. Results showed a wide gap between the values of TDS and EC before and after desalination of the water samples. The values obtained were in accordance with the requirement of World Health Organization for quality drinkable water. The water becomes clear and less turbid after desalination.


2021 ◽  
pp. 338491
Author(s):  
Pedro Lemos de Almeida ◽  
Lidiane Macedo Alves de Lima ◽  
Luciano Farias de Almeida

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 1789-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Triviño-Valencia ◽  
Fabiana Lora ◽  
Juan David Zuluaga ◽  
Jorge E. Gomez-Marin

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Metcalfe ◽  
M.L. Ferguson ◽  
T.L. Metcalfe

Abstract The Otonabee River downstream of Peterborough, Ontario, has been contaminated with PCBs as a result of a history of industrial discharges into Little Lake. It has been suggested that downstream sites have become contaminated as a result of desorption of PCBs from contaminated Little Lake sediments, In a laboratory microcosm study, the PCB flux from Little Lake sediments into water was calculated to be 0.4 µg/m2/d, which, when extrapolated to the sediment area of Little Lake, corresponds to a total PCB flux of 0.09 g/d. However, from analysis of water samples upstream and downstream of Little Lake, the total flux of PCBs from Little Lake was calculated to be 13.2 g/d. This discrepancy between calculated flux rates indicates that either the laboratory microcosm study underestimated PCB flux, or there is another source of PCBs in Little Lake other than contaminated sediments. The preponderance of highly chlorinated PCB congeners in water samples collected downstream of Little Lake lends support to the latter hypothesis.


Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson ◽  
C. W. Walker

Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) has been used successfully to determine crystal structures, identify traces of minerals in rocks, and characterize the phases formed during thermal treatment of micron-sized particles. There is an increased interest in the method because it has the potential capability of identifying micron-sized pollutants in air and water samples. This paper is a short review of the theory behind SAD and a discussion of the sample preparation employed for the analysis of multiple component environmental samples.


Author(s):  
O. Mudroch ◽  
J. R. Kramer

Approximately 60,000 tons per day of waste from taconite mining, tailing, are added to the west arm of Lake Superior at Silver Bay. Tailings contain nearly the same amount of quartz and amphibole asbestos, cummingtonite and actinolite in fibrous form. Cummingtonite fibres from 0.01μm in length have been found in the water supply for Minnesota municipalities.The purpose of the research work was to develop a method for asbestos fibre counts and identification in water and apply it for the enumeration of fibres in water samples collected(a) at various stations in Lake Superior at two depth: lm and at the bottom.(b) from various rivers in Lake Superior Drainage Basin.


Author(s):  
D.N. Collins ◽  
J.N. Turner ◽  
K.O. Brosch ◽  
R.F. Seegal

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a ubiquitous class of environmental pollutants with toxic and hepatocellular effects, including accumulation of fat, proliferated smooth endoplasmic recticulum (SER), and concentric membrane arrays (CMAs) (1-3). The CMAs appear to be a membrane storage and degeneration organelle composed of a large number of concentric membrane layers usually surrounding one or more lipid droplets often with internalized membrane fragments (3). The present study documents liver alteration after a short term single dose exposure to PCBs with high chlorine content, and correlates them with reported animal weights and central nervous system (CNS) measures. In the brain PCB congeners were concentrated in particular regions (4) while catecholamine concentrations were decreased (4-6). Urinary levels of homovanillic acid a dopamine metabolite were evaluated (7).Wistar rats were gavaged with corn oil (6 controls), or with a 1:1 mixture of Aroclor 1254 and 1260 in corn oil at 500 or 1000 mg total PCB/kg (6 at each level).


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document