Degeneration of the intestinal microbial community in PI3Kγ-knockout mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 104038
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Qian-Qian Chen ◽  
Jian Yuan ◽  
Hai-Xu Chen ◽  
Jun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community

scholarly journals Host–microbiome interactions in human type 2 diabetes following prebiotic fibre (galacto-oligosaccharide) intake

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1869-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Pedersen ◽  
Edith Gallagher ◽  
Felicity Horton ◽  
Richard J. Ellis ◽  
Umer Z. Ijaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community ◽  
Human Type

AbstractAberrant microbiota composition and function have been linked to several pathologies, including type 2 diabetes. In animal models, prebiotics induce favourable changes in the intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability (IP) and endotoxaemia, which are linked to concurrent improvement in glucose tolerance. This is the first study to investigate the link between IP, glucose tolerance and intestinal bacteria in human type 2 diabetes. In all, twenty-nine men with well-controlled type 2 diabetes were randomised to a prebiotic (galacto-oligosaccharide mixture) or placebo (maltodextrin) supplement (5·5 g/d for 12 weeks). Intestinal microbial community structure, IP, endotoxaemia, inflammatory markers and glucose tolerance were assessed at baseline and post intervention. IP was estimated by the urinary recovery of oral51Cr-EDTA and glucose tolerance by insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test. Intestinal microbial community analysis was performed by high-throughput next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons and quantitative PCR. Prebiotic fibre supplementation had no significant effects on clinical outcomes or bacterial abundances compared with placebo; however, changes in the bacterial family Veillonellaceae correlated inversely with changes in glucose response and IL-6 levels (r−0·90,P=0·042 for both) following prebiotic intake. The absence of significant changes to the microbial community structure at a prebiotic dosage/length of supplementation shown to be effective in healthy individuals is an important finding. We propose that concurrent metformin treatment and the high heterogeneity of human type 2 diabetes may have played a significant role. The current study does not provide evidence for the role of prebiotics in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Comparative study of the intestinal microbial community of wild and cultured kaluga sturgeon,Huso dauricus

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 2938-2944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaojin Lv ◽  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Zhenguang Shi ◽  
Shan Wang ◽  
Jie Wei
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community

scholarly journals The intestinal microbial community dissimilarity in hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis patients with and without at alcohol consumption

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Dong Deng ◽  
Xue-Bin Peng ◽  
Rong-Rong Zhao ◽  
Chao-Qun Ma ◽  
Jian-ning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Community Dissimilarity

Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection-reduced liver functions are associated with intestinal microbial community dissimilarity. This study aimed to investigate the microbial community dissimilarity in patients with different grades of HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Results Serum endotoxin was increased with Child–Pugh (CP) class (A, B, and C). Veillonellaceae and Lachnospiraceae families were reduced in patients compared with controls. Megamonas and Veillonella genus was reduced and increased in patients compared with controls, respectively, especially in CPB and CPC groups. Correlation analysis showed that endotoxin content was significantly correlated with alcohol consumption (95% CI 0.100, 0.493), CP class (95% CI 0.289, 0.687) and Lachnospiraceae family level (95% CI − 0.539, − 0.122). Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was correlated with the level of Lachnospiraceae family (95% CI 0.013, 0.481), Veillonellaceae family (95% CI 0.284, 0.696), Megamonas genus (95% CI 0.101, 0.518) and Veillonella genus (95% CI 0.134, 0.545). All aforementioned bacteria were independent risk or protective factors for hepatitis. Alcohol consumption changed microbial community. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, reduced Megamonas genus level and increased Veillonella genus level were indicators for HBV-related liver cirrhosis. Alcohol-related pathogenesis was associated with the changed microbial community.

Changes in intestinal microbial community of Rana chensinensis tadpoles during metamorphosis

Aquaculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 516 ◽  
pp. 734606
Author(s):  
Hongyu Yang ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Jinhua Meng ◽  
Hongyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rana Chensinensis ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community

scholarly journals The Dimension of Time in Host-Microbiome Interactions

mSystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia T. Uhr ◽  
Lenka Dohnalová ◽  
Christoph A. Thaiss
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community ◽  
Intermediate States ◽  
Different Time Scales

ABSTRACT The intestinal microbiota contains trillions of commensal microorganisms that shape multiple aspects of host physiology and disease. In contrast to the host’s genome, the microbiome is amenable to change over the course of an organism’s lifetime, providing an opportunity to therapeutically modulate the microbiome’s impact on human pathophysiology. In this Perspective, we highlight environmental factors that regulate the temporal dynamics of the intestinal microbiome, with a particular focus on the different time scales at which they act. We propose that the identification of transient and intermediate states of microbiome responses to perturbations is essential for understanding the rules that govern the behavior of this ecosystem. The delineation of microbiome dynamics is also helpful for distinguishing cause and effect in microbiome responses to environmental stimuli. Understanding the dimension of time in host-microbiome interactions is therefore critical for therapeutic strategies that aim at short-term or long-term engineering of the intestinal microbial community.

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