Multi-antibiotic resistant and putative virulence gene signatures in Enterococcus species isolated from pig farms environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeni Beshiru ◽  
Isoken H. Igbinosa ◽  
Faith I. Omeje ◽  
Abraham G. Ogofure ◽  
Martin M. Eyong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Enterococcus Species ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gene Signatures ◽  
Putative Virulence Gene ◽  
Pig Farms

scholarly journals Investigation of the Prevalence, Virulence Genes, and Antibiogram of Motile Aeromonads Isolated from Nile Tilapia Fish Farms in Egypt and Assessment of their Water Quality

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1432
Author(s):  
Fatma A. El-Gohary ◽  
Eman Zahran ◽  
Eman A. Abd El-Gawad ◽  
Adel H. El-Gohary ◽  
Fatma M. Abdelhamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Mar Index

The aquaculture industry is a fast-growing sector in Egypt; however, the progress of this industry is impeded by many challenges such as poor water quality and associated bacterial infections. Among others, Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS), caused by aeromonads, is among the most important bacterial diseases affecting aquaculture due to its zoonotic potential. In the present work, motile aeromonads were isolated from water samples (n= 8) and Nile tilapia (n= 240) in four fish farms (farms I, II, III, and IV) in Kafr El-Sheikh province during the period March to August 2017. This step was followed by investigation of the prevalence and phenotypic, molecular, and histopathological characterization of aeromonads. In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence gene detection were analyzed. Interestingly, physicochemical water analysis revealed different ranges in relation to the fish farms and seasons. More importantly, Aeromonas isolates were phenotypically identified in 33.3% and 12.5% from fish and water samples, respectively. The highest prevalence of motile aeromonads (46.7%) was recorded from farm IV, and only 12.5% of water samples were positive for them. Out of 80 isolates, 65 (81.25%) were molecularly identified at the genus level using gyrase B (gyrB). The prevalence of the virulence genes detected in the isolated motile aeromonads was aerolysin (aer), 52.2%; elastase (ahp), 26.25%; hemolysin (hyl), 35%; and lipase (lip), 3.75%. The antibiogram profile revealed that the highest resistance of aeromonads isolates (80%) was recorded to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and azithromycin. Meanwhile, lower resistance levels of 40%, 30%, and 20% were found for streptomycin, cefotaxime, and amoxicillin, respectively. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values ranged between 0.27 and 0.82 of motile aeromonads isolates. Furthermore, the histopathological examinations of naturally diseased tilapia revealed widespread hepatocellular necrosis with diffuse, numerous rod-shaped bacteria in liver with melanomacrophages and lymphocytic depletion with edema and hemosiderosis in the spleen. Our findings provide an updated epidemiological baseline for future reference and highlight the likely role of the adverse impact of water quality in the outbreaks of motile aeromonads with special reference to virulence genes and antibiotic resistant traits.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Plant-Pathogenic Streptomyces Species Associated with Common Scab-Infected Potato Tubers in Newfoundland

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna K. Fyans ◽  
Luke Bown ◽  
Dawn R. D. Bignell
Keyword(s):  
Common Scab ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Potato Scab ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Streptomyces Species ◽  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Thaxtomin A ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Putative Virulence Gene ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Potato common scab (CS) is an economically important crop disease that is caused by several members of the genus Streptomyces. In this study, we characterized the plant-pathogenic Streptomyces spp. associated with CS-infected potato tubers harvested in Newfoundland, Canada. A total of 17 pathogenic Streptomyces isolates were recovered from potato scab lesions, of which eight were determined to be most similar to the known CS pathogen S. europaeiscabiei. All eight S. europaeiscabiei isolates were found to produce the thaxtomin A phytotoxin and to harbor the nec1 virulence gene, and most also carry the putative virulence gene tomA. The remaining isolates appear to be novel pathogenic species that do not produce thaxtomin A, and only two of these isolates were determined to harbor the nec1 or tomA genes. Of the non-thaxtomin-producing isolates, strain 11-1-2 was shown to exhibit a severe pathogenic phenotype against different plant hosts and to produce a novel, secreted phytotoxic substance. This is the first report documenting the plant-pathogenic Streptomyces spp. associated with CS disease in Newfoundland. Furthermore, our findings provide further evidence that phytotoxins other than thaxtomin A may also contribute to the development of CS by Streptomyces spp.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Potentially Pathogenic Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains from Chicken and Pig Farms in Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 2799-2805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Cortés ◽  
Vanessa Blanc ◽  
Azucena Mora ◽  
Ghizlane Dahbi ◽  
Jesús E. Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Zoonotic Risk ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Genes Encoding

ABSTRACT To ascertain whether on animal farms there reside extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmidic class C β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates potentially pathogenic for humans, phylogenetic analyses, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, serotyping, and virulence genotyping were performed for 86 isolates from poultry (57 isolates) and pig (29 isolates) farms. E. coli isolates from poultry farms carried genes encoding enzymes of the CTX-M-9 group as well as CMY-2, whereas those from pig farms mainly carried genes encoding CTX-M-1 enzymes. Poultry and pig isolates differed significantly in their phylogenetic group assignments, with phylogroup A predominating in pig isolates and phylogroup D predominating in avian isolates. Among the 86 farm isolates, 23 (26.7%) carried two or more virulence genes typical of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Of these, 20 were isolated from poultry farms and only 3 from pig farms. Ten of the 23 isolates belonged to the classic human ExPEC serotypes O2:H6, O2:HNM, O2:H7, O15:H1, and O25:H4. Despite the high diversity of serotypes and pulsotypes detected among the 86 farm isolates, 13 PFGE clusters were identified. Four of these clusters contained isolates with two or more virulence genes, and two clusters exhibited the classic human ExPEC serotypes O2:HNM (ST10) and O2:H6 (ST115). Although O2:HNM and O2:H6 isolates of human and animal origins differed with respect to their virulence genes and PFGE pulsotypes, the O2:HNM isolates from pigs showed the same sequence type (ST10) as those from humans. The single avian O15:H1 isolate was compared with human clinical isolates of this serotype. Although all were found to belong to phylogroup D and shared the same virulence gene profile, they differed in their sequence types (ST362-avian and ST393-human) and PFGE pulsotypes. Noteworthy was the detection, for the first time, in poultry farms of the clonal groups O25b:H4-ST131-B2, producing CTX-M-9, and O25a-ST648-D, producing CTX-M-32. The virulence genes and PFGE profiles of these two groups were very similar to those of clinical human isolates. While further studies are required to determine the true zoonotic potential of these clonal groups, our results emphasize the zoonotic risk posed especially by poultry farms, but also by pig farms, as reservoirs of ESBL- and CMY-2-encoding E. coli.

Environmental waters as a source of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus species in Belgrade, Serbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 187 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Veljović ◽  
Nikola Popović ◽  
Amarela Terzić Vidojević ◽  
Maja Tolinački ◽  
Sanja Mihajlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Species ◽  
Environmental Waters ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Antibiotic Resistance and Diversity of Salmonella enterica Serovars Associated with Broiler Chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOUSSA SORY DIARRA ◽  
PASCAL DELAQUIS ◽  
HEIDI REMPEL ◽  
SUSAN BACH ◽  
COLLEEN HARLTON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Pulse Field ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Pfge Typing

The objective of this study was to analyze the antibiotic resistance phenotype and genotype of Salmonella isolated from broiler production facilities. A total of 193 Salmonella isolates recovered from commercial farms in British Columbia, Canada, were evaluated. Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined with the Sensititre system. Virulence and antibiotic resistance genes were detected by PCR assay. Genetic diversity was determined by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing. Seventeen serovars of Salmonella were identified. The most prevalent Salmonella serovars were Kentucky (29.0% of isolates), Typhimurium (23.8%), Enteritidis (13.5%), and Hadar (11.9%); serovars Heidelberg, Brandenburg, and Thompson were identified in 7.7, 4.1, and 3.6% of isolates, respectively. More than 43% of the isolates were simultaneously resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, cefoxitim, and ceftriaxone. This β-lactam resistance pattern was observed in 33 (58.9%) of the Salmonella Kentucky isolates; 2 of these isolates were also resistant to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline. Genes associated with resistance to aminoglycosides (aadA1, aadA2, and strA), β-lactams (blaCMY-2, blaSHV, and blaTEM), tetracycline (tetA and tetB), and sulfonamide (sul1) were detected among corresponding resistant isolates. The invasin gene (invA) and the Salmonella plasmid virulence gene (spvC) were found in 97.9 and 25.9% of the isolates, respectively, with 33 (71.7%) of the 46 Salmonella Typhimurium isolates and 17 (65.4%) of the 26 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates carrying both invA and spvC. PGFE typing revealed that the antibiotic-resistant serovars were genetically diverse. These data confirm that broiler chickens can be colonized by genetically diverse antibiotic-resistant Salmonella isolates harboring virulence determinants. The presence of such strains is highly relevant to food safety and public health.

scholarly journals New Structure of Phage-Related Islands CarryingfusBand a Virulence Gene in Fusidic Acid-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 5737-5739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Jan Chen ◽  
Ya-Chun Chang ◽  
Jui-Chang Tsai ◽  
Wei-Chun Hung ◽  
Yu-Tzu Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Leader Peptide ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Putative Virulence Gene ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Flanking Regions

ABSTRACTNucleotide sequencing of thefusB-flanking regions in two fusidic acid-resistantStaphylococcus epidermidisisolates with the type IVaj1-leader peptide (LP)-fusBstructure (lackingaj1) revealed that theirfusBgene was located on novel phage-related islands inserted downstream ofsmpBand are here referred to as SeRIfusB-3692and SePIfusB-857. The novel SePIfusB-857structure was followed by SeCI857, forming a composite pathogenicity island which contained a putative virulence gene,vapE. The linkage offusBandvapEmay contribute to bacterial adaption.

scholarly journals Diversity, antimicrobial characterization and biofilm formation of Enterococci isolated from aquaculture and slaughterhouse sources in Benin City, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
E.O. Igbinosa ◽  
A. Beshiru ◽  
E.E.O. Odjadjare
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Enterococcus Species ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities

The present study was designed to characterize Enterococci isolates obtained from water samples at aquaculture and slaughterhouse facilities in Benin City, Nigeria. A total of 144 water samples were collected from aquaculture and slaughterhouse facilities. All samples were analyzed using classical microbiological and molecular-based methods. Enterococci were identified using specific primer sets (genus and species specific primers) and are as follows: E. faecalis 36 (25.5%); E. faecium 39 (27.7%); E. durans 19 (13.4%); E. casseliflavus 13 (9.2%); E. hirae 14 (9.9%) and other Enterococcus species 20 (14.2%). The resistance profile of the bacterial strains to antibiotics was as follows: [tetracycline (n=67, 47%)]; [vancomycin (n=74, 52%)]; [erythromycin (n=91, 64%)] and [penicillin (n=141, 100%)]. Enterococci virulence genes detected include: [gelE (n=120, 85.1%)]; [cylA (n= 52, 36.9%)]; [hyl (n=96, 68.1%)]; [esp (n=135, 95.8%)]; [ace (n= 127, 90.1%)] and [agg n=118, 83.7%)]. Antibiotic-resistant gene detected from the phenotypic resistant isolates were 55/74 (74.3%) vanA; 61/67 (91.1%) tetC; 122/141 (86.5%) blapse1 and 62/91 (68.1%) ermA. Antibiotic-resistant coupled with biofilm formation potential of Enterococcus species include penicillin+biofilm 116 (82.3%); erythromycin+biofilm 85 (60.3%); and vancomycin+biofilm 74 (52.3%). Findings from this study reveal that strains with the ability of forming biofilms have enhanced antimicrobial resistance. Continuous monitoring of slaughterhouses and aquaculture facilities is necessary to guarantee food safety. Key Words: Aquaculture, Biofilm,Enterococcus, Environments, Resistance, Slaughterhouse

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