The growth phase-dependent regulation of the pilus locus genes by two-component system TCS08 in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin-Ming Song ◽  
Wayne Connor ◽  
Karsten Hokamp ◽  
Lorne A. Babiuk ◽  
Andrew A. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Component System ◽  
Two Component

scholarly journals Kinetic Characterization of the WalRKSpn (VicRK) Two-Component System of Streptococcus pneumoniae: Dependence of WalKSpn (VicK) Phosphatase Activity on Its PAS Domain

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (9) ◽  
pp. 2346-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina D. Gutu ◽  
Kyle J. Wayne ◽  
Lok-To Sham ◽  
Malcolm E. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Pas Domain ◽  
Kinetic Characterization ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Histidine Kinases ◽  
Component System ◽  
Two Component

ABSTRACT The WalRK two-component system plays important roles in maintaining cell wall homeostasis and responding to antibiotic stress in low-GC Gram-positive bacteria. In the major human pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae, phosphorylated WalR Spn (VicR) response regulator positively controls the transcription of genes encoding the essential PcsB division protein and surface virulence factors. WalR Spn is phosphorylated by the WalK Spn (VicK) histidine kinase. Little is known about the signals sensed by WalK histidine kinases. To gain information about WalK Spn signal transduction, we performed a kinetic characterization of the WalRK Spn autophosphorylation, phosphoryltransferase, and phosphatase reactions. We were unable to purify soluble full-length WalK Spn . Consequently, these analyses were performed using two truncated versions of WalK Spn lacking its single transmembrane domain. The longer version (Δ35 amino acids) contained most of the HAMP domain and the PAS, DHp, and CA domains, whereas the shorter version (Δ195 amino acids) contained only the DHp and CA domains. The autophosphorylation kinetic parameters of Δ35 and Δ195 WalK Spn were similar [Km (ATP) ≈ 37 μM; k cat ≈ 0.10 min−1] and typical of those of other histidine kinases. The catalytic efficiency of the two versions of WalK Spn ∼P were also similar in the phosphoryltransfer reaction to full-length WalR Spn . In contrast, absence of the HAMP-PAS domains significantly diminished the phosphatase activity of WalK Spn for WalR Spn ∼P. Deletion and point mutations confirmed that optimal WalK Spn phosphatase activity depended on the PAS domain as well as residues in the DHp domain. In addition, these WalK Spn DHp domain and ΔPAS mutations led to attenuation of virulence in a murine pneumonia model.

scholarly journals The pneumococcal two-component system VisRH is linked to enhanced intracellular survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in influenza-infected pneumocytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás M. Reinoso-Vizcaíno ◽  
Melina B. Cian ◽  
Paulo R. Cortes ◽  
Nadia B. Olivero ◽  
Mirelys Hernandez-Morfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Intracellular Survival ◽  
Bacterial Pathogenesis ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Component System ◽  
Two Component

AbstractThe virus-bacterial synergism implicated in secondary bacterial infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae following infection with epidemic or pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) is well documented. However, the molecular mechanisms behind such synergism remain largely ill-defined. In pneumocytes infected with influenza A virus, subsequent infection with S. pneumoniae leads to enhanced pneumococcal intracellular survival. The pneumococcal two-component system VisRH appears essential for such enhanced survival. Through comparative transcriptomic analysis between the ΔvisR and wt strains, a list of 179 differentially expressed genes was defined. Among those, the clpL protein chaperone gene and the psaB Mn+2 transporter gene, which are involved in the stress response, are important in enhancing S. pneumoniae survival in influenza-infected cells. The ΔvisR, ΔclpL and ΔpsaB deletion mutants display increased susceptibility to acidic and oxidative stress and no enhancement of intracellular survival in IAV-infected pneumocyte cells. These results suggest that the VisRH two-component system senses IAV-induced stress conditions and controls adaptive responses that allow survival of S. pneumoniae in IAV-infected pneumocytes.Author summaryS. pneumoniae is an inhabitant of the human nasopharynx that is capable of causing a variety of infections contributing to an estimated 1.6 million deaths each year. Many of these deaths occur as result of secondary S. pneumoniae infections following seasonal or pandemic influenza. Although S. pneumoniae is considered a typical extracellular pathogen, an intracellular survival mechanism has been more recently recognized as significant in bacterial pathogenesis. The synergistic effects between influenza A and S. pneumoniae in secondary bacterial infection are well documented; however, the effects of influenza infections on intracellular survival of S. pneumoniae are ill-defined. Here, we provide evidence that influenza infection increases S. pneumoniae intracellular survival in pneumocytes. We demonstrate that the poorly understood VisRH signal transduction system in pneumococcus controls the expression of genes involved in the stress response that S. pneumoniae needs to increase intracellular survival in influenza A-infected pneumocytes. These findings have important implications for understanding secondary bacterial pathogenesis following influenza and for the treatment of such infections in influenza-stricken patients.

scholarly journals The pneumococcal two-component system SirRH is linked to enhanced intracellular survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in influenza-infected pulmonary cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e1008761
Author(s):  
Nicolás M. Reinoso-Vizcaíno ◽  
Melina B. Cian ◽  
Paulo R. Cortes ◽  
Nadia B. Olivero ◽  
Mirelys Hernandez-Morfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Intracellular Survival ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Component System ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Pulmonary Cells

scholarly journals Two-Component System Response Regulators Involved in Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 in Infective Endocarditis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e54320 ◽  
Author(s):  
My Trihn ◽  
Xiuchun Ge ◽  
Alleson Dobson ◽  
Todd Kitten ◽  
Cindy L. Munro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
System Response ◽  
Response Regulators ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Component System ◽  
Two Component

scholarly journals Host-glycan metabolism is regulated by a species-conserved two-component system in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e1008332
Author(s):  
Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen ◽  
Claudia Trappetti ◽  
Vikrant Minhas ◽  
Flemming Damgaard Nielsen ◽  
Kevin Pakula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Component System ◽  
Two Component

scholarly journals Hemoglobin Induces Early and Robust Biofilm Development in Streptococcus pneumoniae by a Pathway That Involves comC but Not the Cognate comDE Two-Component System

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmina Akhter ◽  
Edroyal Womack ◽  
Jorge E. Vidal ◽  
Yoann Le Breton ◽  
Kevin S. McIver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Component System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACT Streptococcus pneumoniae grows in biofilms during both asymptomatic colonization and infection. Pneumococcal biofilms on abiotic surfaces exhibit delayed growth and lower biomass and lack the structures seen on epithelial cells or during nasopharyngeal carriage. We show here that adding hemoglobin to the medium activated unusually early and vigorous biofilm growth in multiple S. pneumoniae serotypes grown in batch cultures on abiotic surfaces. Human blood (but not serum, heme, or iron) also stimulated biofilms, and the pore-forming pneumolysin, ply, was required for this induction. S. pneumoniae transitioning from planktonic into sessile growth in the presence of hemoglobin displayed an extensive transcriptome remodeling within 1 and 2 h. Differentially expressed genes included those involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino acid, and lipids. The switch into adherent states also influenced the expression of several regulatory systems, including the comCDE genes. Inactivation of comC resulted in 67% reduction in biofilm formation, while the deletion of comD or comE had limited or no effect, respectively. These observations suggest a novel route for CSP-1 signaling independent of the cognate ComDE two-component system. Biofilm induction and the associated transcriptome remodeling suggest hemoglobin serves as a signal for host colonization in pneumococcus.

scholarly journals Control of Virulence by the Two-Component System CiaR/H Is Mediated via HtrA, a Major Virulence Factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (16) ◽  
pp. 5258-5266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Musa Ibrahim ◽  
Alison R. Kerr ◽  
Jackie McCluskey ◽  
Tim J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Null Mutant ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Component System ◽  
Infant Rats ◽  
Major Virulence Factor ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Growth Phenotype

ABSTRACT The CiaR/H two-component system is involved in regulating virulence and competence in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The system is known to regulate many genes, including that for high-temperature requirement A (HtrA). This gene has been implicated in the ability of the pneumococcus to colonize the nasopharynx of infant rats. We reported previously that deletion of the gene for HtrA made the pneumococcal strains much less virulent in mouse models, less able to grow at higher temperatures, and more sensitive to oxidative stress. In this report, we show that the growth phenotype as well as sensitivity to oxidative stress of ΔciaR mutant was very similar to that of a ΔhtrA mutant and that the expression of the HtrA protein was reduced in a ciaR-null mutant. Both the in vitro phenotype and the reduced virulence of ΔciaR mutant could be restored by increasing the expression of HtrA.

scholarly journals Regulation of the type I protein secretion system by the MisR/MisS two-component system in Neisseria meningitidis

Microbiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 1588-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soma Sannigrahi ◽  
Xinjian Zhang ◽  
Yih-Ling Tzeng
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Type I ◽  
Two Component System ◽  
Promoter Elements ◽  
Component System ◽  
Rtx Toxin ◽  
Two Component

Neisseria meningitidis, an obligate human pathogen, remains a leading cause of meningitis and fatal sepsis. Meningococci are known to secrete a family of proteins, such as FrpC, with sequence similarity to the repeat-in-toxin (RTX) proteins via the type I secretion system. The meningococcal type I secretion proteins are encoded at two distant genetic loci, NMB1400 (hlyB) and NMB1738/1737 (hlyD/tolC), and are separated from the RTX toxin-like substrates. We have characterized the promoter elements of both hlyB and hlyD by primer extension and lacZ reporter fusions and revealed the growth phase-dependent upregulation of both genes. In addition, we showed that the MisR/MisS two-component system negatively regulates the expression of hlyB and hlyD/tolC. Direct binding of MisR to hlyB and hlyD promoters was demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and DNase I protection assays identified MisR binding sites overlapping the promoter elements. Direct repression of hlyB transcription by MisR was supported by in vitro transcription assays. Mutations in the MisR/S system affected, but did not eliminate, the growth phase-dependent upregulation of hlyB, suggesting additional regulatory mechanisms. Increased secretion of RTX toxin-like proteins was detected in the cell-free media from misS mutant cultures, indicating that the amounts of extracellular RTX toxin-like proteins are, in part, controlled by the abundance of the type I secretion apparatus. This is, to our knowledge, the first example of a two-component system mediating secretion of cytotoxin family proteins by controlling expression of the type I secretion proteins.

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