Tangeretin stimulates glucose uptake via regulation of AMPK signaling pathways in C2C12 myotubes and improves glucose tolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 358 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung Sunny Kim ◽  
Haeng Jeon Hur ◽  
Dae Young Kwon ◽  
Jin-Taek Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ampk Signaling

scholarly journals Intravenous Glutamine Administration Improves Glucose Tolerance and Attenuates the Inflammatory Response in Diet-Induced Obese Mice after Sleeve Gastrectomy

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3192
Author(s):  
Chiu-Li Yeh ◽  
Po-Jen Yang ◽  
Po-Chu Lee ◽  
Jin-Ming Wu ◽  
Po-Da Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

Obesity is a health problem associated with many metabolic disorders. Weight reduction can effectively alleviate obesity-associated complications. Sleeve gastrectomy is a commonly used bariatric surgery and is considered safe and effective for improving outcomes. Glutamine (GLN) is an amino acid with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. This study used a mouse model of sleeve gastrectomy to investigate the impacts of intravenous GLN administration on glucose tolerance and adipocyte inflammation short-term after surgery. C57BL6 male mice were divided into normal control (NC) and high-fat diet groups. The high-fat diet provided 60% of energy from fat for 10 weeks to induce obesity. Mice fed the high-fat diet were then assigned to a sham (SH) or sleeve gastrectomy with saline (S) or GLN (G) groups. The S group was intravenously injected with saline, while the G group was administered GLN (0.75 g/kg body weight) via a tail vein postoperatively. Mice in the experimental groups were sacrificed on day 1 or 3 after the surgery. Results showed that obesity resulted in fat accumulation, elevated glucose levels, and adipokines production. Sleeve gastrectomy aggravated expressions of inflammatory cytokine and macrophage infiltration markers, cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), epidermal growth factor-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 (EMR-1), and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1, in adipose tissues. Treatment of obese mice with GLN downregulated hepatic proteomic profiles associated with the gluconeogenesis pathway and improved glucose tolerance. Moreover, macrophage infiltration and adipose tissue inflammation were attenuated after the sleeve gastrectomy. These findings imply that postoperative intravenous GLN administration may improve glucose tolerance and attenuate inflammation shortly after the bariatric surgery in subjects with obesity.

scholarly journals Long-Term Consumption of Platycodi Radix Ameliorates Obesity and Insulin Resistance via the Activation of AMPK Pathways

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae Eun Lee ◽  
Haeng Jeon Hur ◽  
Jin-Taek Hwang ◽  
Mi Jeong Sung ◽  
Hye Jeong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Platycodi Radix ◽  
Chemotactic Protein

This study was designed to evaluate the effects and mechanism of Platycodi radix, having white balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum for. albiflorum (Honda) H. Hara) on obesity and insulin resistance. The extracts of Platycodi radix with white balloon flower were tested in cultured cells and administered into mice on a high-fat diet. The Platycodi radix activated the AMPK/ACC phosphorylation in C2C12 myotubes and also suppressed adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. In experimental animal, it suppressed the weight gain of obese mice and ameliorated obesity-induced insulin resistance. It also reduced the elevated circulating mediators, including triglyceride (TG), T-CHO, leptin, resistin, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in obesity. As shown in C2C12 myotubes, the administration of Platycodi radix extracts also recovered the AMPK/ACC phosphorylation in the muscle of obese mice. These results suggest that Platycodi radix with white balloon flower ameliorates obesity and insulin resistance in obese mice via the activation of AMPK/ACC pathways and reductions of adipocyte differentiation.

scholarly journals The Combination of Ephedrae herba and Coicis semen in Gambihwan Attenuates Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in High-Fat Diet–Induced Obese Mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Woo Jang ◽  
Dong-Woo Lim ◽  
Ji-Ung Chang ◽  
Jai-Eun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Hepatic Enzyme ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Commercial Kits

Gambihwan is a herbal prescription used in Korean medicine to treat obesity. The authors evaluated the effects and mechanisms of two types of Gambihwan (GBH1 and 2) administered to high-fat diet– (HFD-) induced obese mice. Four-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD for 8 weeks with or without GBH1 or 2 (100-200 mg/kg/day by oral gavage). All mice were subjected to glucose tolerance testing after the 8-week treatment period and then euthanized. Serum insulin, lipids, and inflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed using commercial kits. Hepatic enzyme levels and lipid profiles were also investigated. Liver section slides were stained with Oil Red O (ORO) or hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) to assess lipid accumulation. GBH1 and 2 both significantly decreased body, liver, or adipose tissue weights in HFD-fed mice and significantly improved glucose tolerance (p<0.05 in all groups). Cholesterol levels in both sera and liver homogenates were significantly decreased by GBH1 and 2 (p<0.05 in all groups). In addition, serum inflammatory cytokines (p<0.05 in 200 mg/kg/day groups) and hepatic enzyme levels were significantly diminished by GBH administration at 200mg/kg/day (p<0.05 in all groups). Furthermore, histologic analyses of liver sections revealed GBH suppressed lipid accumulation. Both GBH types suppressed HFD-induced increases in body weight and obesity-related markers in HFD-fed mice despite the difference in constituents between GBH1 and 2. It is strongly assumed that the combination of Ephedrae herba and Coicis semen exerted the antiobesity effect. The results obtained show that the antiobesity effects of GBH warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Citrus junosTanaka Peel Extract Exerts Antidiabetic Effects via AMPK and PPAR-γbothIn VitroandIn Vivoin Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Hee Kim ◽  
Haeng Jeon Hur ◽  
Hye Jeong Yang ◽  
Hyun Jin Kim ◽  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Citrus Junos

The antidiabetic effect of theCitrus junosTanaka (also known as yuja or yuzu) was examined. Ethanol extract of yuja peel (YPEE) significantly stimulated 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake in C2C12 myotubes. However, ethanol extract of yuja pulp (YpEE) and water extract of yuja peel (YPWE) or pulp (YpWE) did not stimulate glucose uptake. In addition, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activities were increased by YPEE in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of AMPK inhibitor decreased the glucose uptake stimulated by YPEE in C2C12 myotubes. We confirmed the anti-diabetic effect of YPEE in mice fed a high fat-diet (HFD). Compared with control mice on a normal diet (ND), these mice showed increased body weight, liver fat, insulin resistance, triacylglycerol (TG), and total cholesterol content. Addition of 5% YPEE significantly reduced the weight gain and rise in liver fat content, serum triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol, and insulin resistance found in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Moreover, YPEE reduced the secretion of HFD-induced adipocytokines such as leptin and resistin. YPEE also resulted in increased phosphorylation of AMPK in muscle tissues. These results suggest that ethanol extract of yuja peel exerts anti-diabetic effects via AMPK and PPAR-γin both cell culture and mouse models.

scholarly journals Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Brown AlgaEcklonia cavaCollected from Gijang, Korea, Reduces Obesity and Glucose Levels in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Park ◽  
Eung Hwi Kim ◽  
Mi Hwi Kim ◽  
Young Wan Seo ◽  
Jung Im Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels

Ecklonia cava (E. cava)is a brown alga that has beneficial effects in models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, the effects ofE. cavaextracts on diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes have not been specifically examined. We investigated the effects ofE. cavaon body weight, fat content, and hyperglycemia in high-fat diet- (HFD) induced obese mice and sought the mechanisms involved. C57BL/6 male mice were fed a HFD (60% fat) diet or normal chow. After 3 weeks, the HFD diet group was given extracts (200 mg/kg) ofE. cavaharvested from Jeju (CA) or Gijang (G-CA), Korea or PBS by oral intubation for 8 weeks. Body weights were measured weekly. Blood glucose and glucose tolerance were measured at 7 weeks, and fat pad content and mRNA expression of adipogenic genes and inflammatory cytokines were measured after 8 weeks of treatment. G-CA was effective in reducing body weight gain, body fat, and hyperglycemia and improving glucose tolerance as compared with PBS-HFD mice. The mRNA expression of adipogenic genes was increased, and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and macrophage marker gene was decreased in G-CA-treated obese mice. We suggest that G-CA reduces obesity and glucose levels by anti-inflammatory actions and improvement of lipid metabolism.

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