scholarly journals Morphology of the external genitalia of the adult male and female mice as an endpoint of sex differentiation

2012 ◽  
Vol 354 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 94-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A. Weiss ◽  
Esequiel Rodriguez ◽  
Tristan Cunha ◽  
Julia Menshenina ◽  
Dale Barcellos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice

Early Life Exposure to Antibiotic Alters Energy Balance during Chronic High-Fat Feeding in Adult Male and Female Mice

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1999-P ◽  
Author(s):  
HYE LIM NOH ◽  
SUJIN SUK ◽  
RANDALL H. FRIEDLINE ◽  
KUNIKAZU INASHIMA ◽  
DUY A. TRAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Early Life ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Fat Feeding

Social experience modulates ocular dominance plasticity differentially in adult male and female mice

NeuroImage ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 454-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Balog ◽  
Ulrike Matthies ◽  
Lisa Naumann ◽  
Mareike Voget ◽  
Christine Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Ocular Dominance Plasticity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice

scholarly journals Prepubertal gonadectomy reveals sex differences in approach-avoidance behavior in adult mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Delevich ◽  
Christopher Hall ◽  
Josiah R. Boivin ◽  
David Piekarski ◽  
Yuting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Gonadal Hormone ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Foraging Task

AbstractAdolescence is a developmental period that is associated with physical, cognitive, and affective maturation and a time when sex biases in multiple psychiatric diseases emerge. While puberty onset marks the initiation of adolescence, it is unclear whether the pubertal rise in gonadal hormones generates sex differences in approach-avoidance behaviors that may impact psychiatric vulnerability. To examine the influence of peripubertal gonadal hormone exposure on adult behavior, we removed the gonads or performed sham surgery in male and female mice just prior to puberty onset and assessed performance in an odor-guided foraging task and anxiety-related behaviors in adulthood. We observed no significant sex differences in foraging or anxiety-related behaviors between intact adult male and female mice but found significant differences between adult male and female mice that had been gonadectomized (GDX) prior to puberty. GDX males failed to acquire the odor-guided foraging task, showed reduced locomotion, and exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior, while GDX females showed the opposite pattern of behavior. These data suggest that similar approach-avoidance phenotypes are achieved in male and female mice via different mechanisms mediated by the sex-specific hormonal milieus during pubertal maturation.

scholarly journals Prenatal low-dose methyltestosterone, but not dihydrotestosterone, treatment induces penile formation in female mice and guinea pigs†

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 1248-1260
Author(s):  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
John Lawless ◽  
Zhengui Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Androgen Receptors ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Genital Tubercle

Abstract Genital tubercle has bisexual potential before sex differentiation. Females exposed to androgen during sex differentiation show masculinized external genitalia, but the effects of different androgens on tubular urethral and penile formation in females are mostly unknown. In this study, we compared the masculinization effects of commonly used androgens methyltestosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and testosterone on the induction of penile formation in females. Our results suggested that prenatal treatment with low doses of methyltestosterone, but not same doses of dihydrotestosterone or testosterone, could induce penile formation in female mice. The minimum dose of dihydrotestosterone and testosterone for inducing tubular urethral formation in female mice was, respectively, 50 and 20 times higher than that of methyltestosterone. In vivo methyltestosterone treatment induced more nuclear translocation of androgen receptors in genital tubercles of female mice, affected Wnt signaling gene expressions, and then led to similar patterns of cell proliferation and death in developing genital tubercles to those of control males. We further revealed that low-dose methyltestosterone, but not same dose of dihydrotestosterone or testosterone, treatment induced penile formation in female guinea pigs. Exposure of female mouse genital tubercle organ culture to methyltestosterone, dihydrotestosterone, or testosterone could induce nuclear translocation of androgen receptors, suggesting that the differential effect of the three androgens in vivo might be due to the hormonal profile in mother or fetus, rather than the local genital tissue. To understand the differential role of these androgens in masculinization process involved is fundamental to androgen replacement therapy for diseases related to external genital masculinization.

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