scholarly journals Effect of glutathione redox state on Leydig cell susceptibility to acute oxidative stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 323 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haolin Chen ◽  
Liang Zhou ◽  
Chieh-Yin Lin ◽  
Matthew C. Beattie ◽  
June Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Glutathione Redox

scholarly journals Lower Mitochondrial Proton Leak and Decreased Glutathione Redox in Primary Muscle Cells of Obese Diet-Resistant Versus Diet-Sensitive Humans

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 4223-4230 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brianne Thrush ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
William Chen ◽  
Erin L. Seifert ◽  
Jessica K. Quizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Proton Leak ◽  
Oxidized Glutathione ◽  
Muscle Biopsies ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutathione Redox

Context: Weight loss success in response to energy restriction is highly variable. This may be due in part to differences in mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine whether mitochondrial function, content, and oxidative stress differ in well-matched obese individuals in the upper [obese diet sensitive (ODS)] vs lower quintiles [obese diet resistant (ODR)] for rate of weight loss. Design: Primary myotubes derived from muscle biopsies of individuals identified as ODS or ODR were studied. Setting: Compliant ODS and ODR females who completed in the Ottawa Hospital Weight Management Program and identified as ODS and ODR participated in this study. Patients or Other Participants: Eleven ODS and nine ODR weight-stable females matched for age, body mass, and body mass index participated in this study. Intervention: Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained and processed for muscle satellite cell isolation. Main Outcome Measures: Mitochondrial respiration, content, reactive oxygen species, and glutathione redox ratios were measured in the myotubes of ODS and ODR individuals. Results: Mitochondrial proton leak was increased in myotubes of ODS compared with ODR (P < .05). Reduced and oxidized glutathione was decreased in the myotubes of ODR vs ODS (P < .05), indicating a more oxidized glutathione redox state. There were no differences in myotube mitochondrial content, uncoupling protein 3, or adenine nucleotide translocase levels. Conclusions: Lower rate of mitochondrial proton leak in muscle is a cell autonomous phenomenon in ODR vs ODS individuals, and this is associated with a more oxidized glutathione redox state in ODR vs ODS myotubes. The muscle of ODR subjects may thus have a lower capacity to adapt to oxidative stress as compared with ODS.

scholarly journals Plasma glutathione redox state: A novel marker of oxidative stress, correlates with early atherosclerosis in humans

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 293-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Ashfaq ◽  
Sean C. Beinart ◽  
Jerome L. Abramson ◽  
Steven D. Rhodes ◽  
Claudine Jurkovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Plasma Glutathione ◽  
Glutathione Redox ◽  
Early Atherosclerosis

scholarly journals Free aminothiols, glutathione redox state and protein mixed disulphides in aging Drosophila melanogaster

2004 ◽  
Vol 382 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor REBRIN ◽  
Anne-Cécile V. BAYNE ◽  
Robin J. MOCKETT ◽  
William C. ORR ◽  
Rajindar S. SOHAL
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Glutathione Redox ◽  
Methionine Content

The main purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the aging process is associated with a pro-oxidizing shift in the cellular redox state. The amounts of the redox-sensitive free aminothiols (glutathione, cysteine, Cys-Gly and methionine) and protein mixed disulphides were measured at different ages and ambient temperatures in Drosophila melanogaster. GSH/GSSG ratios decreased significantly with increasing age of the flies, due to an increase in GSSG content. Concentrations of Cys-Gly increased and methionine decreased with age. The amounts of protein mixed disulphides, measured as protein-cysteinyl, protein-Cys-Gly and protein-glutathionyl mixed disulphides, increased as a function of age. The pattern of changes in free aminothiol content, glutathione-redox state and protein mixed disulphides varied in proportion to the ambient temperature, which is inversely related to the life expectancy of the flies. Collectively, these results support the idea that the pro-oxidizing shift in the glutathione-redox state, the decrease in methionine content and increase in abundance of protein mixed disulphides are associated with the life expectancy of flies, and are indicative of enhanced oxidative stress during aging.

scholarly journals Imaging NAD(H) Redox Alterations in Cryopreserved Alveolar Macrophages from Ozone-Exposed Mice and the Impact of Nutrient Starvation during Long Lag Times

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
He N. Xu ◽  
Joanna Floros ◽  
Lin Z. Li ◽  
Shaili Amatya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Nutrient Starvation ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
The Impact

Employing the optical redox imaging technique, we previously identified a significant redox shift of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD and the reduced form NADH) in freshly isolated alveolar macrophages (AM) from ozone-exposed mice. The goal here was twofold: (a) to determine the NAD(H) redox shift in cryopreserved AM isolated from ozone-exposed mice and (b) to investigate whether there is a difference in the redox status between cryopreserved and freshly isolated AM. We found: (i) AM from ozone-exposed mice were in a more oxidized redox state compared to that from filtered air (FA)-exposed mice, consistent with the results obtained from freshly isolated mouse AM; (ii) under FA exposure, there was no significant NAD(H) redox difference between fresh AM that had been placed on ice for 2.5 h and cryopreserved AM; however, under ozone exposure, fresh AM were more oxidized than cryopreserved AM; (iii) via the use of nutrient starvation and replenishment and H2O2-induced oxidative stress of an AM cell line, we showed that this redox difference between cryopreserved and freshly isolated AM is likely the result of the double “hit”, i.e., the ozone-induced oxidative stress plus nutrient starvation that prevented freshly isolated AM from a full recovery after being on ice for a prolonged time period. The cryopreservation technique we developed eliminates/minimizes the effects of oxidative stress and nutrient starvation on cells. This method can be adopted to preserve lung macrophages from animal models or clinical patients for further investigations.

scholarly journals Optogenetic Monitoring of the Glutathione Redox State in Engineered Human Myocardium

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Trautsch ◽  
Eriona Heta ◽  
Poh Loong Soong ◽  
Elif Levent ◽  
Viacheslav O. Nikolaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox State ◽  
Human Myocardium ◽  
Glutathione Redox

scholarly journals Serum Albumin Redox States: More than Oxidative Stress Biomarker

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Fuka Tabata ◽  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Satomi Kawakami ◽  
Kazuhiro Miyaji
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cysteine Residue ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

Serum albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in mammals including humans. It has three isoforms according to the redox state of the free cysteine residue at position 34, named as mercaptalbumin (reduced albumin), non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2 (oxidized albumin), respectively. The serum albumin redox state has long been viewed as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, as the redox state shifts to a more oxidized state in response to the severity of the pathological condition in various diseases such as liver diseases and renal failures. However, recent ex vivo studies revealed oxidized albumin per se could aggravate the pathological conditions. Furthermore, the possibility of the serum albumin redox state as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker has also been demonstrated in a series of animal studies. A paradigm shift is thus ongoing in the research field of the serum albumin. This article provides an updated overview of analytical techniques for serum albumin redox state and its association with human health, focusing on recent findings.

A manganese oxide nanozyme prevents the oxidative damage of biomolecules without affecting the endogenous antioxidant system

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3855-3863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata Singh ◽  
Mohammed Azharuddin Savanur ◽  
Shubhi Srivastava ◽  
Patrick D'Silva ◽  
Govindasamy Mugesh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
System P ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Machinery

Multi-enzyme mimetic Mn3O4 nanoflowers (Mp) modulate the redox state of mammalian cells without altering the cellular antioxidant machinery under oxidative stress conditions.

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