Vitamin D and menopause—A narrative review

Maturitas ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Lerchbaum
Keyword(s):  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Russo ◽  
Marinella Ruospo ◽  
Mario Cozzolino ◽  
Luca De Nicola ◽  
Andrea Icardi ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Goyal ◽  
Abhilash Perisetti ◽  
M. Rubayat Rahman ◽  
Avi Levin ◽  
Giuseppe Lippi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 5904-5920
Author(s):  
Janaína Lopes Câmara ◽  
Rogério Rodrigues Vilas Boas ◽  
Luiz Fernando Correa do N. Neto ◽  
Suelen Doriane Gonçalves dos Santos

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
Spyridon Karras ◽  
Dimitrios G. Goulis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Leah Qubty ◽  
Basil Aboul-Enein ◽  
Lori Bechard ◽  
Joshua Bernstein ◽  
Joanna Kruk

PurposeSomalia is an East African nation with a history of civil unrest that produced a significant influx of refugees in the USA in the last 25 years. Between 2000 and 2010, 40 percent of all US Somali refugees settled in Minnesota, which produces new cultural and health challenges for local communities and the state government. One such challenge is vitamin D deficiency, or hypovitaminosis D (Hv-D). Hv-D is developed through insufficient exposure to sunlight and low nutrient intake leading to increased risk for weakness and inflammation, oral health problems, diabetes, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases and malignancies. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachIn this narrative review, demographic, geographic and cultural information about Somali immigration are discussed.FindingsRecent data suggest Somalis living in northern climates (Minnesota, the USA, Helsinki, Finland, Sweden and the UK) experience significant deficiencies in vitamin D. Vitamin D is stimulated by ultraviolet light exposure, a balanced and healthy diet, and dietary supplementation. High unemployment rates affecting access to health information and clinical services, significant cultural differences and climate differences pre-dispose this population to Hv-D. Health education and health promotion programming at the community and state levels in Minnesota should recognize the risk factors associated with Hv-D and the vulnerability of Somali refugees.Originality/valueCurrent and future health programming should be re-assessed for adequate attention to vitamin D deficiency and cultural competency associated with the Somali immigrant population.


2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 780-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Michael Allan ◽  
Lynda Cranston ◽  
Adrienne Lindblad ◽  
James McCormack ◽  
Michael R. Kolber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Rak ◽  
Monika Bronkowska

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with degeneration of pancreatic β-cells that results in an inability to produce insulin and the need for exogenous insulin administration. It is a significant global health problem as the incidence of this disorder is increasing worldwide. The causes are still poorly understood, although it certainly has genetic and environmental origins. Vitamin D formed profusely in the skin upon exposure to sunlight, as well as from dietary sources, exhibits an immunomodulatory effect based on gene transcription control. Indeed, vitamin D can downregulate mechanisms connected with adaptive immunity, induce immunological tolerance and decrease auto-aggression-related inflammation. These properties provide the basis for a preventive and therapeutic role of vitamin D. As many studies have demonstrated, appropriate supplementation with vitamin D reduces the risk of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, and alleviates disease symptoms in patients. The aim of this narrative review is to present the molecular mechanisms for the vitamin D immunomodulatory effect as well as review human clinical studies on the use of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. R27-R43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Pilz ◽  
Armin Zittermann ◽  
Christian Trummer ◽  
Verena Theiler-Schwetz ◽  
Elisabeth Lerchbaum ◽  
...  

Vitamin D testing and treatment is a subject of controversial scientific discussions, and it is challenging to navigate through the expanding vitamin D literature with heterogeneous and partially opposed opinions and recommendations. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an update on vitamin D guidelines and the current evidence on the role of vitamin D for human health with its subsequent implications for patient care and public health issues. Vitamin D is critical for bone and mineral metabolism, and it is established that vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets and osteomalacia. While many guidelines recommend target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations of ≥50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL), the minimum consensus in the scientific community is that serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 25–30 nmol/L (10–12 ng/mL) must be prevented and treated. Using this latter threshold of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, it has been documented that there is a high worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency that may require public health actions such as vitamin D food fortification. On the other hand, there is also reason for concern that an exploding rate of vitamin D testing and supplementation increases costs and might potentially be harmful. In the scientific debate on vitamin D, we should consider that nutrient trials differ from drug trials and that apart from the opposed positions regarding indications for vitamin D treatment we still have to better characterize the precise role of vitamin D for human health.


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