scholarly journals Prospective evaluation of bone mineral density among middle-aged HIV-infected and uninfected women: Association between methadone use and bone loss

Maturitas ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Sharma ◽  
Hillel W. Cohen ◽  
Ruth Freeman ◽  
Nanette Santoro ◽  
Ellie E. Schoenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Prospective Evaluation ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mineral Density

Impaired Estrogen Sensitivity in Bone by Inhibiting Both Estrogen Receptor a and b Pathways*

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Transgenic Rats ◽  
Estrogen Sensitivity

Although it is well established that estrogen deficiencycauses osteoporosis among the postmenopausalwomen, the involvement of estrogen receptor (ER) in itspathogenesis still remains uncertain. In the presentstudy, we have generated rats harboring a dominantnegative ERa, which inhibits the actions of not only ERabut also recently identified ERb. Contrary to our expectation,the bone mineral density (BMD) of the resultingtransgenic female rats was maintained at the same levelwith that of the wild-type littermates when sham-operated.In addition, ovariectomy-induced bone loss wasobserved almost equally in both groups. Strikingly, however,the BMD of the transgenic female rats, after ovariectomized,remained decreased even if 17b-estradiol(E2) was administrated, whereas, in contrast, the decreaseof littermate BMD was completely prevented byE2. Moreover, bone histomorphometrical analysis ofovariectomized transgenic rats revealed that the higherrates of bone turnover still remained after treatmentwith E2. These results demonstrate that the preventionfrom the ovariectomy-induced bone loss by estrogen ismediated by ER pathways and that the maintenanceof BMD before ovariectomy might be compensatedby other mechanisms distinct from ERa and ERbpathways.

scholarly journals P129 Predictors of low bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika A Swar ◽  
Marwan Bukhari
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Family History ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background/Aims  Osteoporosis (OP) is an extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that leads to increased fracture susceptibility due to a variety of reasons including immobility and cytokine driven bone loss. Bone loss in other populations has well documented risk factors. It is unknown whether bone loss in RA predominantly affects the femoral neck or the spine. This study aimed to identify independent predictors of low bone mineral density (BMD) in patients RA at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck. Methods  This was a retrospective observational cohort study using patients with Rheumatoid arthritis attending for a regional dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan at the Royal Lancaster Infirmary between 2004 and 2014. BMD in L1-L4 in the spine and in the femoral neck were recorded. The risk factors investigated were steroid use, family history of osteoporosis, smoking, alcohol abuse, BMI, gender, previous fragility fracture, number of FRAX(tm) risk factors and age. Univariate and Multivariate regression analysis models were fitted to explore bone loss at these sites using BMD in g/cm2 as a dependant variable. . Results  1,527 patients were included in the analysis, 1,207 (79%) were female. Mean age was 64.34 years (SD11.6). mean BMI was 27.32kg/cm2 (SD 5.570) 858 (56.2%) had some steroid exposure . 169(11.1%) had family history of osteoporosis. fragility fracture history found in 406 (26.6%). 621 (40.7%) were current or ex smokers . There was a median of 3 OP risk factors (IQR 1,3) The performance of the models is shown in table one below. Different risk factors appeared to influence the BMD at different sites and the cumulative risk factors influenced BMD in the spine. None of the traditional risk factors predicted poor bone loss well in this cohort. P129 Table 1:result of the regression modelsCharacteristicB femoral neck95% CIpB spine95%CIpAge at scan-0.004-0.005,-0.003<0.01-0.0005-0.002,0.00050.292Sex-0.094-0.113,-0.075<0.01-0.101-0.129,-0.072<0.01BMI (mg/m2)0.0080.008,0.0101<0.010.01130.019,0.013<0.01Fragility fracture-0.024-0.055,0.0060.12-0.0138-0.060,0.0320.559Smoking0.007-0.022,0.0350.650.0286-0.015,0.0720.20Alcohol0.011-0.033,0.0 5560.620.0544-0.013,0.1120.11Family history of OP0.012-0.021,0.0450.470.0158-0.034,0.0650.53Number of risk factors-0.015-0.039,0.0080.21-0.039-0.075,-0.0030.03steroids0.004-0.023,0.0320.030.027-0.015,0.0690.21 Conclusion  This study has shown that predictors of low BMD in the spine and hip are different and less influential than expected in this cohort with RA . As the FRAX(tm) tool only uses the femoral neck, this might underestimate the fracture risk in this population. Further work looking at individual areas is ongoing. Disclosure  M.A. Swar: None. M. Bukhari: None.

scholarly journals SAT0477 A TWO-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STUDY COMPLETION, LONGITUNEAL STUDY, THE DIFFERENCE IN BONE LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH EROSIVE AND NON-EROSIVE HAND OSTEOARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1195.2-1195
Author(s):  
K. Pavelka ◽  
L. Šenolt ◽  
O. Sleglova ◽  
J. Baloun ◽  
O. Růžičková
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Hand Osteoarthritis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Erosive Disease ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology

Background:Hand osteoarthritis (OA) and its more severe subset erosive hand OA are common causes of pain and morbidity. Some metabolic factors were suggested to be implicated in erosive disease. Few studies investigated differences in systemic bone loss between erosive and non-erosive hand OA.Objectives:To compare the change of bone mineral density (BMD) between patients with erosive and non-erosive hand OA in a two-year longitudinal study.Methods:Consecutive patients with symptomatic HOA fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were included in this study. Erosive hand OA was defined by at least one erosive interphalangeal joint. All patients underwent clinical assessments of joint swelling and radiographs of both hands. DEXA examination of lumbar spine, total femur and femur neck was performed at the baseline and after two years.Results:Altogether, 141patients (15 male) with symptomatic nodal HOA were included in this study and followed between April 2012 and January 2019. Out of these patients, 80 had erosive disease after two years. The disease duration (p<0.01) was significantly higher in patients with erosive compared with non-erosive disease at baseline.Osteoporosis (T-score <-2.5 SD) was diagnosed in 12.5% (9/72) of patients with erosive hand OA and in 8.06% (5/57) of patients with non-erosive hand OA at baseline. BMD was significantly lowered in patients with erosive compared with non-erosive disease at baseline (lumbar spine: 1.05g/cm2 vs. 1.13 g/cm2, p<0.05, total femur: 0.90 g/cm2 vs. 0.97 g/cm2, p<0.01 and femur neck: 0.86 g/cm2 vs. 0.91, p<0.05). T-scores of lumbar spine (-0.96 vs. -0.41 SD, p<0.05), total femur (-0.69 vs. -0.33 SD, p<0.05) and femur neck (-1.14 vs. -0.88 SD, p<0.05) were also significantly lowered in patients with erosive compared with non-erosive disease.Two years, the BMD remained also significantly lowered in patients with erosive compared with non-erosive disease (lumbar spine: 1.05g/cm2 vs. 1.14 g/cm2, p<0.05, total femur: 0.92 g/cm2 vs. 0.97 g/cm2, p<0.05 and femur neck: 0.86 g/cm2 vs. 0.91, p<0.05), which was in agreement with the finding for T-scores of lumbar spine (-1.05 vs. -0.39 SD, p<0.05), total femur (-0.74 vs. -0.34 SD, p<0.01) and femur neck (-1.07 vs. -0.72 SD, p<0.01).Conclusion:These results suggest that patients with erosive hand OA are at higher risk for the development of general bone loss. Over two years patients with erosive disease had significant lower bone mineral density at all measured sites.References:[1]This work was supported by the project AZV no. 18-00542 and MHCR No. 023728.Acknowledgments:Project AZV no. 18-00542 and MHCR No. 023728Disclosure of Interests:Karel Pavelka Consultant of: Abbvie, MSD, BMS, Egis, Roche, UCB, Medac, Pfizer, Biogen, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, MSD, BMS, Egis, Roche, UCB, Medac, Pfizer, Biogen, Ladislav Šenolt: None declared, Olga Sleglova: None declared, Jiří Baloun: None declared, Olga Růžičková: None declared

scholarly journals Association Between moleculars and Osteoporotic Fracture Risk:A systematical review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie-Yu Liu ◽  
Jia-Xiang Wang ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Shu-Feng Lei ◽  
Fei-Yan Deng
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractOsteoporosis is a systemic chronic skeletal disease, which is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk to osteoporotic fractures (OFs). OFs are associated with high mortality and morbidity, and seriously affect the life quality of patients. Osteoporosis is prevalent in the middle-aged and elderly population, especially the postmenopausal women. With population aging, osteoporosis becomes a world-wide serious public health problem. Early recognition of the high-risk population followed by timely and efficient intervention and/or treatment is important for preventing OFs. In light of the high heritability and complex pathogenesis of OP, comprehensive consideration of significant biological/biochemical factors is necessary for accurate risk evaluation. For this purpose, we reviewed recent research progress on moleculars which are diagnostic and/or predictive of OFs risk. Future integrative analyses and systematic evaluation of these moleculars may facilitate developing novel methodologies and/or test strategies, i.e., biochips, for early recognition of osteoporosis, hence to contribute to preventing OFs in the world.Graphical AbstractOsteoporosis, which is characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk to osteoporotic fractures (OFs), is prevalent in the middle-aged and elderly population, especially in the postmenopausal women. We focused on several types of important molecules, including proteins/peptides, RNAs, lipids, to gain comprehensive understanding and to generate novel perspectives in predicting and diagnosing OFs.

Ovarian Failure After Adjuvant Chemotherapy Is Associated With Rapid Bone Loss in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3306-3311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Shapiro ◽  
Judith Manola ◽  
Meryl Leboff
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase

PURPOSE: We sought to evaluate the effects of chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure on bone loss and markers of skeletal turnover in a prospective longitudinal study of young women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-nine premenopausal women with stage I/II breast cancers receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated within 4 weeks of starting chemotherapy (baseline), and 6 and 12 months after starting chemotherapy with dual-energy absorptiometry and markers of skeletal turnover osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. Chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure was defined as a negative pregnancy test, greater than 3 months of amenorrhea, and a follicle-stimulating hormone ≥ 30 MIU/mL at the 12-month evaluation. RESULTS: Among the 35 women who were defined as having ovarian failure, highly significant bone loss was observed in the lumbar spine by 6 months and increased further at 12 months. The median percentage decrease of bone mineral density in the spine from 0 to 6 months and 6 to 12 months was −4.0 (range, −10.4 to +1.0; P = .0001) and −3.7 (range, −10.1 to 9.2; P = .0001), respectively. In contrast, there were no significant decreases in bone mineral density in the 14 patients who retained ovarian function. Serum osteocalcin and bone specific alkaline phosphatase, markers of skeletal turnover, increased significantly in the women who developed ovarian failure. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure causes rapid and highly significant bone loss in the spine. This may have implications for long-term breast cancer survivors who may be at higher risk for osteopenia, and subsequently osteoporosis. Women with breast cancer who develop chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure should have their bone density monitored and treatments to attenuate bone loss should be evaluated.

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