Photo-responsive traveling of small-particles modified with azobenzene groups as molecular motors in a liquid crystal

2016 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Kuwahara ◽  
Takahiro Oda ◽  
Sunnam Kim ◽  
Tomonari Ogata ◽  
Seiji Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Azobenzene Groups

scholarly journals Photo‐responsive helical motion by light‐driven molecular motors in a liquid crystal network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Hou ◽  
Anirban Mondal ◽  
Guiying Long ◽  
Laurens de Haan ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Helical Motion ◽  
Crystal Network

Clark–Lagerwall effect in the small particles—Ferroelectric liquid crystal system

Optik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.D. Ibragimov ◽  
G.M. Bayramov ◽  
A.R. Imamaliev
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Crystal System ◽  
Liquid Crystal System

scholarly journals Reorientation behavior in the helical motility of light-responsive spiral droplets

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Lancia ◽  
Takaki Yamamoto ◽  
Alexander Ryabchun ◽  
Tadatsugu Yamaguchi ◽  
Masaki Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Chiral Nematic ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Unicellular Organisms ◽  
Chiral Dopants

AbstractThe physico-chemical processes supporting life’s purposeful movement remain essentially unknown. Self-propelling chiral droplets offer a minimalistic model of swimming cells and, in surfactant-rich water, droplets of chiral nematic liquid crystals follow the threads of a screw. We demonstrate that the geometry of their trajectory is determined by both the number of turns in, and the handedness of, their spiral organization. Using molecular motors as photo-invertible chiral dopants allows converting between right-handed and left-handed trajectories dynamically, and droplets subjected to such an inversion reorient in a direction that is also encoded by the number of spiral turns. This motile behavior stems from dynamic transmission of chirality, from the artificial molecular motors to the liquid crystal in confinement and eventually to the helical trajectory, in analogy with the chirality-operated motion and reorientation of swimming cells and unicellular organisms.

scholarly journals Mechanical Adaptability of Artificial Muscles from Nanoscale Molecular Action

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Lancia ◽  
Alexander Ryabchun ◽  
Anne-Déborah Nguindjel ◽  
Supaporn Kwangmettatam ◽  
Nathalie Katsonis
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Molecular Switches ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Crystal Polymer ◽  
Molecular Action ◽  
Molecular Origin

The cooperative operation of artificial molecular motors and switches has been amplified in polymer-based approaches that have led to versatile motion at the macroscale. As these active, shape-shifting polymers have become ever more sophisticated in their morphing capabilities, a major remaining challenge is to encode muscle-like mechanical adaptability during their operation and to explore its molecular origin. Here, we describe the mechanical adaptability of materials in which the light-induced action of molecular switches modifies the intrinsic interfacial tension, in a phase heterogeneous design featuring a liquid crystal polymer network swollen by a liquid crystal. When the swelling creates sufficient interfacial tension, light triggers an unprecedented and reversible photo-stiffening, analogous to myosin-powered muscle fibers. These mechanoadaptive materials adjust their stiffness to the task they must perform, also while they move, and display muscle-like behaviour that might contribute significantly to the development of human-friendly and soft robotics.

scholarly journals Photo‐responsive helical motion by light‐driven molecular motors in a liquid crystal network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Hou ◽  
Anirban Mondal ◽  
Guiying Long ◽  
Laurens de Haan ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Helical Motion ◽  
Crystal Network

scholarly journals Mechanical Adaptability of Artificial Muscles from Nanoscale Molecular Action

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Lancia ◽  
Alexander Ryabchun ◽  
Anne-Déborah Nguindjel ◽  
Supaporn Kwangmettatam ◽  
Nathalie Katsonis
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Molecular Switches ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Crystal Polymer ◽  
Molecular Action ◽  
Molecular Origin

The cooperative operation of artificial molecular motors and switches has been amplified in polymer-based approaches that have led to versatile motion at the macroscale. As these active, shape-shifting polymers have become ever more sophisticated in their morphing capabilities, a major remaining challenge is to encode muscle-like mechanical adaptability during their operation and to explore its molecular origin. Here, we describe the mechanical adaptability of materials in which the light-induced action of molecular switches modifies the intrinsic interfacial tension, in a phase heterogeneous design featuring a liquid crystal polymer network swollen by a liquid crystal. When the swelling creates sufficient interfacial tension, light triggers an unprecedented and reversible photo-stiffening, analogous to myosin-powered muscle fibers. These mechanoadaptive materials adjust their stiffness to the task they must perform, also while they move, and display muscle-like behaviour that might contribute significantly to the development of human-friendly and soft robotics.

Stereo Electron Microscopy Applied to High Resolution Freeze-Etch Replicas

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
L. Andrew Staehelin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Membrane Surfaces ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
New Information ◽  
Number Of Particles ◽  
Small Holes

Freeze-etched membranes usually appear as relatively smooth surfaces covered with numerous small particles and a few small holes (Fig. 1). In 1966 Branton (1“) suggested that these surfaces represent split inner mem¬brane faces and not true external membrane surfaces. His theory has now gained wide acceptance partly due to new information obtained from double replicas of freeze-cleaved specimens (2,3) and from freeze-etch experi¬ments with surface labeled membranes (4). While theses studies have fur¬ther substantiated the basic idea of membrane splitting and have shown clearly which membrane faces are complementary to each other, they have left the question open, why the replicated membrane faces usually exhibit con¬siderably fewer holes than particles. According to Branton's theory the number of holes should on the average equal the number of particles. The absence of these holes can be explained in either of two ways: a) it is possible that no holes are formed during the cleaving process e.g. due to plastic deformation (5); b) holes may arise during the cleaving process but remain undetected because of inadequate replication and microscope techniques.

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