Size and shape of the posterior neck muscles measured by ultrasound imaging: normal values in males and females of different ages

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rankin ◽  
M. Stokes ◽  
D.J. Newham
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Neck Muscles ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Posterior Neck ◽  
Males And Females

Blood catalase and haematocrit values in a breeding colony of Dutch-belted rabbits

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Foote ◽  
E. Hare
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
First Report ◽  
Rabbit Blood ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Males And Females

Rabbit seminal plasma catalase is much higher than in the semen of other mammals, and differences appear to be inherited. Because of the scarcity of information on rabbit blood catalase and haematocrit in Dutch-belted rabbits, an investigation of possible effects of gender, age and genetics on these variables was undertaken. There were 191 rabbits sampled at 2-3 months, 130 at 12 months and 61 at 18-24 months of age. There was no age effect on the haematocrit values and on blood catalase activity. At 12 months of age males had an average haematocrit value of 44% compared with 40% for females ( P < 0.05). Corresponding average catalase values were 431 and 356 units/ml of blood ( P < 0.05). Also catalase was measured in the semen and blood of 34 males, and males differed in both their blood and semen catalase activity ( P < 0.05). The correlation between the two traits was r = 0.44. Heritability ( h2) estimates, based on 231 rabbits were 0.40 for blood catalase activity, and 0.26 for haematocrit. The genetic correlation between the two variables was 0.83 ( P < 0.05). These studies are consistent with the literature in that female rabbits have a slightly lower haematocrit value than males, and this is associated with a lower catalase activity. This appears to be the first report of a study that compares rabbit blood catalase in males and females of different ages. Preliminary evidence that differences may have a heritable basis is consistent with previous studies on rabbit semen catalase.

Intramuscular hemangioma of posterior neck muscles

2001 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Makeieff ◽  
N. Maurice ◽  
M. Mondain ◽  
L. Crampette ◽  
B. Guerrier
Keyword(s):  
Neck Muscles ◽  
Intramuscular Hemangioma ◽  
Posterior Neck

scholarly journals Morphometric Correlates of Age and Breeding Status in American Coots

The Auk ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray T. Alisauskas
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Multivariate Dispersion ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Social ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract I studied morphometric variation in 13 linear measurements from 228 American Coots (Fulica americana) collected in southern Manitoba. Univariate and multivariate techniques revealed differences in size and shape among adult coots that were 1, 2, and =2 yr old. In addition to the obvious differences in size between males and females, the morphometry of older birds differed from that of younger birds in two ways. First, older coots were of larger body size than younger coots of the same sex. Second, older coots had proportionately larger feet and claws relative to the size of their tarsi, and proportionately wider bills and heads relative to other head measurements, than did younger birds. Multivariate dispersion matrices within age/sex cohorts were less variable for older coots. In an analysis of 1-yr-old males, breeders did not differ from nonbreeders in overall body size, but breeders had relatively longer claws and wings than nonbreeders. Age-related differences in morphology may have relevance to the social structure of nesting coots, which involves highly aggressive territorial behavior. Part of the age-related variation in nesting phenology that has been documented elsewhere for coots may be a consequence of covariation in body size and shape.

scholarly journals Variation in Chin and Mandibular Symphysis Size and Shape in Males and Females: A CT-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4249
Author(s):  
Tatiana Sella Tunis ◽  
Israel Hershkovitz ◽  
Hila May ◽  
Alexander Dan Vardimon ◽  
Rachel Sarig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Anatomical Landmark ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Selection Theory ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Size Index ◽  
Sexual Selection Theory ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Anthropological Literature

The chin is a unique anatomical landmark of modern humans. Its size and shape play an important role from the esthetic perspective. However, disagreement exists in the dental and anthropological literature regarding the sex differences in chin and symphysis morphometrics. The “sexual selection” theory is presented as a possible reason for chin formation in our species; however, many other contradictory theories also exist. This study’s aims were therefore to determine how chin and symphysis size and shape vary with sex, and to discuss “sexual selection” theory as a reason for its formation. Head and neck computed tomography (CT) scans of 419 adults were utilized to measure chin and symphysis sizes and shapes. The chin and symphysis measures were compared between the sexes using an independent-samples t-test, a Mann–Whitney test, and the F-statistic. The chin width was significantly greater in males than in females (p < 0.001), whereas the chin height, area, and size index were significantly greater in females (p < 0.001). Symphysis measures did not differ significantly between the sexes. Size accounted for 2–14% of the chin variance and between 24–33% of the symphysis variance. Overall, the chin was found to be a more heterogeneous anatomical structure than the symphysis, as well as more sexually dimorphic.

scholarly journals THE VARIABILITY OF SHAPE AND MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND OF THE INFERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE OF SKULLS OF ADULTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
S. D. Karayeva
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Inferior Orbital Fissure

The aim of the study was to identify the variability of morphometric parameters and the shape of the inferior orbital fissure. The forms and morphometric parameters of the lower orbital gap were studied in 131 passportized skulls of people of different ages from the craniological collection of the fundamental museum of the human anatomy chair of the Azerbaijan Medical University. Craniometric studies were carried out according to conventional methods. The digital data of our study were subjected to statistical processing, observing general provisions for medical and biological research. The study showed that, depending on the variability of the width of the 5 variants of the inferior orbital fissure. The most common are the inferior orbital fissure of medium width. The size and shape of the orbital fissure and orbits are interrelated and mediated by types of the scull. The size of inferior orbital fissure men more than women.

scholarly journals Evaluation of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase for liver abnormalities: a biochemical study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1355
Author(s):  
Nishant Pujara ◽  
Anand Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Muscular Damage

Background: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells. LDH catalyses the conversion of lactate to pyruvic acid and back. The aim of the present study was to determine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level as an indicator of liver, muscular or cancer abnormalities in patients of more than 40 years of age.Methods: Two hundred and twenty patients had been tested for LDH and liver function tests (LFTs). Creatine kinase (CK) levels were measurement only in patients who had high levels of LDH.Results: High levels of LDH had been observed in many patients suggestive as an indicator of liver abnormalities. For muscular damage, measurement of CK in patients with elevated levels of LDH. Whereas high LDH levels, as an indicator for cancer abnormalities, were found in six males and two female who had normal values of LFTs and CK.Conclusions: LDH can be regarded as a good biomarker for diagnosis of liver, muscular and cancer abnormalities. There is little variable between males and females in the elevated value of LDH. Patients who had high values of LDH and CK are proposed to have unidentified cancer abnormality.

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