Performance evaluation of a locally modified PV module to a PV/T solar collector under climatic conditions of semi-arid region

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 135-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billel Boumaaraf ◽  
Houria Boumaaraf ◽  
Mohamed El-Amine Slimani ◽  
Selma Tchoketch_Kebir ◽  
Mohamed Salah Ait-cheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Sowing Dates of Wheat under Arid and Semi-Arid Climatic Regions and Impact Quantification of Climate Change through Mechanistic Modeling with Evidence from Field

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.

scholarly journals Organic fertilizers as mitigating effects of water salinity on Passiflora cincinnata seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-511
Author(s):  
José Sebastião de Melo Filho ◽  
Mário Leno Martins Véras ◽  
Toshik Larley Da Silva ◽  
Lunara De Sousa Alves ◽  
Thiago Jardelino Dias
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
State University ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Maracujá-do-mato (Passiflora cincinnata) is a species adapted to the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region and widely used as rootstock, however, studies related to the production of seedlings and their resistance to abiotic stresses are scarce in literature. The objective was to study the production of maracujá-do-mato seedlings under the effect of the electrical conductivity on the irrigation water as a function of the application of organic fertilizers. The experiment was developed at the State University of Paraíba, Catolé do Rocha-PB, in a completely randomized experimental design, in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, with 6 replicates. The factors evaluated were five electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw: 1; 2; 3; 4 and 5 dS m-1) and application of three organic fertilizers (bovine urine, bovine biofertilizer and liquid earthworm humus). It was verified that the increase of ECw affected the morphology and the quality of the seedlings negatively, while the bovine biofertilizer presented better efficiency in comparison to the others. It is inferred that the use of organic fertilizers as mitigating effects of salinity may be a strategy for production of maracujá-do-mato seedlings in saline conditions.

scholarly journals Global comparison of 20 reference evapotranspiration equations in a semi-arid region of Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Farzanpour ◽  
Jalal Shiri ◽  
Ali Ashraf Sadraddini ◽  
Slavisa Trajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Global Comparison ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is a major task in hydrology, water resources management, irrigation scheduling and determining crop water requirement. There are many empirical equations suggested by numerous references in literature for calculating ETo using meteorological data. Some such equations have been developed for specific climatic conditions while some have been applied universally. The potential for usage of these equations depends on the availability of necessary meteorological parameters for calculating ETo in different climate conditions. The focus of the present study was a global cross-comparison of 20 ETo estimation equations using daily meteorological records of 10 weather stations (covering a period of 12 years) in a semi-arid region of Iran. Two data management scenarios, namely local and cross-station scenarios, were adopted for calibrating the applied equations against the standard FAO56-PM model. The obtained results revealed that the cross-station calibration might be a good alternative for local calibration of the ETo models when proper similar stations are used for feeding the calibration matrix.

scholarly journals Optimum Tilt Angles for PV Modules in a Semi-Arid Region of the Southern Hemisphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Pierre E Hertzog ◽  
Arthur J Swart
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Knowledge Support ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

It is essential to repeat a test of a given construct in research in order to underpin knowledge, support validity and enable its application in other contexts. The purpose of this article is to present repetitive test results validating the optimum tilt angle of a stationary PV module that was installed in a semi-arid region of South Africa. An experimental design incorporating a two-year longitudinal study is used. The results for 2016 and 2017 reveal that a PV module with a tilt angle of Latitude plus 10° yielded the highest output power for winter months, while a PV module with a tilt angle of Latitude minus 10° yielded the highest output power for summer months. However, for both years, a tilt angle set to the Latitude angle of the installation site yielded the highest overall average output power (60.02 Wh per day). It is therefore recommended to install stationary PV modules at a tilt angle equal to the Latitude of the installation site for a semi-arid region in the southern hemisphere.                                                                                                                                               

scholarly journals Usefulness of class A Pan coefficient models for computation of reference evapotranspiration for a semi-arid region

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-528
Author(s):  
PK SINGH ◽  
SK PATEL ◽  
P JAYSWAL ◽  
SS CHINCHORKAR
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
Agricultural Organization

The reliability of estimates of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) using pan evaporation (Epan) depends on the accurate determination of pan coefficients (Kpan). Six ET0 models were evaluated for their usefulness using 33-year climatological dataset of a semi-arid region of the Gujarat state of India. The equations compared include Cuenca (1989), Allen and Pruitt (1991), Snyder (1992), Modified Snyder (Grismer et al., 2002), Orang (1998), and Pereira et al. (1995). The ET0 data, calculated using daily Kpan values from these equations, were compared to the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)-Penman-Monteith (FAO56-PM) method as a reference. Based on the visual comparison as well as from the statistical criteria, ET0 values computed using Modified Snyder and Orang model have very close agreement with the FAO56-PM method for daily, monthly, and annual estimates as compared to other approaches. The sequential performances of the explored models was found as: Modified Snyder (Eqn. 5) > Orang (Eqn. 6) > Cuenca Eqn. (2) > Allen & Pruitt (Eqn. 3) > Snyder (Eqn. 4) > Pereira et al. (Eqn. 7) model. Therefore, the Modified Snyder model (Grismer et al., 2002) could be recommended as the best model for ET0 computations under these prevailing climatic conditions for a semi arid region.

scholarly journals Establishment of Brachiaria cultivars in the soil-climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51802
Author(s):  
Jéssica Gomes Rodrigues ◽  
Gelson dos Santos Difante ◽  
Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel ◽  
Emmanuel Lievio de Lima Veras ◽  
Ana Beatriz Graciano da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Appearance Rate ◽  
Leaf Appearance Rate ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

This study aimed was the establishment of the genus Brachiaria in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted from April to June 2016, as a randomized-block experimental design with five treatments and four replicates. Treatments were represented by five Brachiaria cultivars, namely, Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã, Xaraés and Basilisk. Morphogenetic (leaf appearance rate, leaf elongation rate e stem elongation rate) and structural characteristics (final leaf length, tiller population density e number of leaves per tiller, forage mass, leaf blade mass, stem mass, senescent material mass and leaf:stem ratio) of the forage cultivars were evaluated. Canopy height fitted a linear regression model (P<0,05), with estimated daily increases of 0.50, 0.53, 0.53, 0.54 and 0.56 cm for cvs Basilisk, Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã and Xaraés, respectively. The number of live leaves in cvs Basilisk and Paiaguás increased linearly (p < 0.05), by 4.3 and 2.8 leaves per tiller, respectively, during the 60-day period. The recommended height at which the growth of Brachiaria cultivars should be interrupted is upon reaching 25 to 35 cm. In the soil-climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region, the Brachiaria cultivars Basilisk, Marandu, Paiaguás, Piatã and Xaraés are established at 75 days after sowing, which is the recommended time for performing the first harvest or lenient grazing to stimulate tillering.

scholarly journals Edaphoclimatic Conditions of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region Affect the Productivity and Composition of Sunflower Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Valéria Fernandes de Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Gisele Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Josemir Moura Maia ◽  
Carlos Henrique Salvino Gadelha Meneses ◽  
Marília Hortência Batista Silva Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

It has been suggested that fatty acid balance in standard sunflower oil may be influenced by the genotype of the plant or by variation in environmental growth conditions. Therefore, this study analysed aspects of sunflower productivity and oil quality obtained from achenes of plants cultivated in a semi-arid environment, resulting from seed obtained from other regions with different edaphoclimatic characteristics. The experiment was conducted between February and May, in a Brazilian semi-arid area. At 90 days after sowing (DAS), the physiological maturation period, tissue was harvested, and the yield of plant green matter, oil and oil per hectare was evaluated. A comparative analysis of the oil content of achenes before and after planting (parental v progeny) was performed. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design of 4 treatments (genotypes), Embrapa122, BRSG01, Helio253 and Helio250, and 4 replications, for a total of 16 experimental plots, with each plot constituting 8 plants. In this study, sunflowers were produced in the climatic conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region with biomasses, achenes and oil contents that were different from other crop productions in the country, providing the possibility of obtaining oil with a distinct chemical composition.

scholarly journals Intensificação de sistemas de produção de palma forrageira por meio de consorciação rotativa com gramíneas, leguminosas e oleaginosas: uma revisão

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2322-2343
Author(s):  
Kaique Renan da Silva Salvador ◽  
Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim ◽  
George do Nascimento Araújo Júnior ◽  
Cleber Pereira Alves ◽  
Antonio Gebson Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Sustainable Systems ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Semi Arid

The low forage productivity in the Brazilian semi-arid is linked to water scarcity and climatic conditions, these abiotic disturbances affect the development of livestock and the local economy. Seeking to circumvent the situation, the use of forage species adapted to climatic conditions is of paramount importance, such as forage cactus, a crop rich in nutrients, much appreciated by animals, but lacking in fiber and protein, making it necessary to use other forage plants like sorghum, millet, pigeon pea and forage sunflower, both species have high levels of fiber and protein, and with this, they complement each other and enable the production of more balanced diets for herds. However, the higher yield of crops is observed with the implementation of resilient practices such as irrigation, adoption of mulch, intercropping, which promotes more sustainable systems with high forage potential. In this review, the objective was to evaluate the use of different agronomic practices to increase the productivity and sustainability of forage cactus crops and crops of regional appeal to the Brazilian semi-arid region. It is concluded that the sustainable intensification of agricultural crops, through complementary irrigation, mulch, intercropping with forage cactus, and plant species adapted to the Brazilian semi-arid region, can promote an increase in forage production without adverse effects on ecosystems.

scholarly journals Phenology and vegetative growth of the fig tree cv “Roxo de Valinhos” under a drastic pruning system

2019 ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
T.Y.L. Evangelista, A.C. Miranda, F.A.C.M. Junior ◽  
E.S. Cavalcante ◽  
C.D. Aguiar ◽  
G.A. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Fig Tree ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Meteorological Elements ◽  
Semi Arid

The phenological adaptability and growth of the fig tree (Ficus carica L.) was observed periodically in the Brazilian semi-arid, State of Piauí, Brazil. The study was done using in 46 plants of the fig tree cv “Roxo de Valinhos”, in Bom Jesus, Piauí in the period from April to August of 2018. The meteorological elements associated with phenology were: air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, and photoperiod. The results revealed significant relations between the phenology, growth, and climatic conditions showing promising answers for the cultivation of the fig tree cv “Roxo de Valinhos”, in the semi-arid region of Piauí.

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