Geochemical and isotope data from the Acatlán Volcanic Field, western Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: Origin and evolution

Lithos ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 82 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 455-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Maldonado-Sánchez ◽  
Peter Schaaf
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Isotope Data ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

scholarly journals Analysis of geomagnetic secular variation for the last 1.5 Ma recorded by volcanic rocks of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt: new data from Sierra de Chichinautzin, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 594-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rodríguez-Trejo ◽  
L M Alva-Valdivia ◽  
M Perrin ◽  
G Hervé ◽  
N López-Valdés
Keyword(s):  
Secular Variation ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Virtual Geomagnetic Pole ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Cooling Unit ◽  
Earth Magnetic Field ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

Summary The great wealth of volcanism along the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) and the need to improve the secular variation curve of the Earth magnetic field of the region is the aim of this research. 300 oriented cores from 33 sites and 21 individual cooling units were acquired from Sierra de Chichinautzin volcanic field (ChVF) and Sierra de Santa Catarina (SSC). Directional analysis and rock magnetic experiments were performed (e.g. thermal demagnetization, hysteresis loop, susceptibility vs temperature), achieving 21 new averaged palaeomagnetic directions. New results are consistent with the previous studies on the same cooling unit. We compiled all the palaeomagnetic studies performed on the ChVF, updating age and calculating an average direction per cooling unit and estimating an overall mean direction for the ChVF (Dec = 359.1°, Inc = 35.3°, N = 33, k = 21.6, α95 = 5.5°, Plat = 87.7° N, Plong = 227.4° E, K = 31.8, A95 = 4.5°). Afterwards, we compiled all the previous palaeomagnetic studies along the whole TMVB with age ranging from 0 to 1.5 Ma, and constrained the directional analyses by specific quality criteria such as well-defined age, number of samples and quality of kappa) on the cooling unit consistency. The mean direction and virtual geomagnetic pole (VGP) estimated for the TMVB, during the periods 0–40 ka and 0–1.5 Ma, are close to the geographic pole, supporting the validity of the geocentric axial dipole hypothesis. The directional results of this study also fit well with the predictions at Mexico City of the models SHA.DIF.14k and CALS10k2 calculated for the last 14 ka. The dispersion of the VGP's on the TMVB are also consistent with the expected values proposed by different models of palaeosecular variation. However, large gaps in the temporal record remain that should be filled by further palaeomagnetic studies.

scholarly journals Effective mapping of large ignimbrites by using a GIS-based methodology; case of the Xáltipan ignimbrite from Los Humeros caldera, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Alberto Cavazos Álvarez ◽  
Gerardo Carrasco-Núñez
Keyword(s):  
Flat Surface ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Pyroclastic Density Currents ◽  
Density Currents ◽  
Eruptive History ◽  
Map Construction ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

The Xáltipan ignimbrite (XI) records the largest single-eruption of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt up to date (≥344 km3 uncompacted volume). As most large ignimbrites, the XI presents common challenges when mapping. These are abrupt welding variations, burial by younger units near other volcanic sources, and highly eroded deposits in active-water valleys. In this work, we deal with these issues by integrating classical cartographic techniques such as field measurements, geometric projections of energy lines and construction of geologic sections, with a GIS-based methodology that quantifies the eroded bulk. As a result, we obtained a map with the main XI features that is presented in an interactive format. Furthermore, we discuss the resources used for the map construction and how the results contributed to the interpretation of the eruptive history. These contributions include: 1) the energy lines point to a low-height pyroclastic density currents source, typical of caldera-forming, boiling-over eruptions; 2) the landscape of the XI, coupled with the geologic sections, indicate that in the proximal facies the ignimbrite filled a volcanic field, leaving a radially shaped distribution with a flat surface, while in the distal facies it channelized into a steep mountainous ground; and 3) the geologic sections in the valley areas, where the active rivers highly eroded the original XI deposits, revealed the preferential development of welded zones along channel centers.

scholarly journals Geochemical Evidence for Slab Melting in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gomez-Tuena ◽  
C. H. Langmuir ◽  
S. L. Goldstein ◽  
S. M. Straub ◽  
F. Ortega-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Slab Melting ◽  
Geochemical Evidence ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

scholarly journals Evidence for geomagnetic excursions recorded in Brunhes and Matuyama Chron lavas from the trans-Mexican volcanic belt

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 2648-2669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Michalk ◽  
Harald N. Böhnel ◽  
Norbert R. Nowaczyk ◽  
Gerardo J. Aguírre-Diaz ◽  
Margarita López-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Matuyama Chron ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

Volcano-sedimentary processes at Las Derrumbadas rhyolitic twin domes, Serdán-Oriental basin, Eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt

2021 ◽  
pp. SP520-2021-144
Author(s):  
Marie-Noëlle Guilbaud ◽  
Corentin Chédeville ◽  
Ángel Nahir Molina-Guadarrama ◽  
Julio Cesar Pineda-Serrano ◽  
Claus Siebe
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Debris Avalanche ◽  
Density Currents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eruptive Episode ◽  
Basin Floor ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

AbstractThe eruption of the ∼10 km3 rhyolitic Las Derrumbadas twin domes about 2000 yrs ago has generated a wide range of volcano-sedimentary deposits in the Serdán-Oriental lacustrine basin, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Some of these deposits have been quarried, creating excellent exposures. In this paper we describe the domes and related products and interpret their mode of formation, reconstructing the main phases of the eruption as well as syn-and-post eruptive erosional processes. After an initial phreatomagmatic phase that built a tuff ring, the domes grew as an upheaved plug lifting a thick sedimentary pile from the basin floor. During uplift, the domes collapsed repeatedly to form a first-generation of hetero-lithologic hummocky debris avalanche deposits. Subsequent dome growth produced a thick talus and pyroclastic density currents. Later, the hydrothermally-altered over-steepened dome peaks fell to generate 2nd generation, mono-lithologic avalanches. Subsequently, small domes grew in the collapse scars. From the end of the main eruptive episode onwards, heavy rains remobilized parts of the dome carapaces and talus, depositing lahar aprons. Las Derrumbadas domes are still an important source of sediments in the basin, and ongoing mass-wasting processes are associated with hazards that should be assessed, given their potential impact on nearby populations.Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5752296

Late Cenozoic tectonics offshore western Mexico and its relation to the structure and volcanic activity in the western Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-559
Author(s):  
Hugo Delgado Granados
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Mexican Volcanic Belt ◽  
Cenozoic Tectonics ◽  
Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt

La tasa de convergencia calculada indica que la tectónica del occidente de México ha sido tensional durante los últimos 3 Ma. Este estilo de deformación se ve reflejado en la formación de estructuras rift en la parte occidental de la Faja Volcánica Trans-Mexicana [FVTM]. Los valores obtenidos para la tasa de convergencia predicen que, a través del tiempo, se verifica una tectónica menos tensional (con tendencia a la neutralidad) en la parte sureste de la zona de interacción de las placas de Rivera Y Norteamérica, mientras que en la parte noroccidental se vuelve más tensional. Por otra parte, un análisis cualitativo de las tasas de esparcimiento muestra que éstas fueron más rápidas antes de los 6.5 Ma de lo que fueron posteriormente. Después de analizar diferentes parámetros cinemáticos, se concluyó que la tasa de esparcimiento de la cresta del Pacífico Oriental en su sector Pacífico-Rivera, influye fuertemente sobre la tasa de convergencia. De esta manera se puede establecer una correlación positiva entre la evolución de la tasa de esparcimiento de la cresta Pacífico-Rivera y la geología continental. Esta correlación muestra que tasas de esparcimiento relativamente rápidas coinciden con la presencia de volcanismo monogenético calci-alcalino en la parte occidental de la FVTM cuando menos desde hace 10 Ma y que este tipo de volcanismo continúa hasta nuestros días. Sin embargo, cuando la tasa de esparcimiento se ha hecho más lenta (y por tanto la tasa de convergencia se ha hecho menor) durante el periodo comprendido entre 6.5 Ma y 3.5 Ma, se ha verificado en la región una tectónica extensional ampliamente distribuida, volcanismo explosivo y sedimentación lacustre en los sistemas rift de Colima, Tepic-Zacoalco y de Chapala; particularmente entre los 4.6 Ma y 3.9 Ma ha coincidido con volcanismo alcalino en los rifts fr Colima y Tepic-Zacoalco. Un leve incremento en la tasa de esparcimiento después de los 3.5 Ma coinciden con el decremento de actividad volcánica (principalmente alcalina). Durante el periodo entre 1.6 Ma y 0.7 Ma, la tasa de esparcimiento disminuyó de nuevo coincidiendo con un fallamiento normal continuo en las tres estructuras rift mencionadas y en parte, con otra etapa de volcanismo alcalino (entre 1.4 Ma y 0.2 Ma) en los rift de Colima y Tepic-Zacoalco. Después de los 0.7 Ma, la tasa de esparcimiento se ha incrementado levemente. Por otra parte, se observa una relación genética entre el contenido de elementos compatibles en rocas volcánicas de la región con la tasa de convergencia, lo cual implica que tasas de subducción mayores aportan una mayor cantidad de sedimentos acrecionados a la cuña del manto. Esto explica las diferencias geoquímicas entre las rocas volcánicas a lo largo del frente volcánico de la parte occidental de la FVTM.

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