Effects of human serum albumin complexed with free fatty acids on cell viability and insulin secretion in the hamster pancreatic β-cell line HIT-T15

Life Sciences ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 88 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 810-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian C. Tuei ◽  
Ji-Sook Ha ◽  
Chung-Eun Ha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell

scholarly journals Arachidonic acid actions on functional integrity and attenuation of the negative effects of palmitic acid in a clonal pancreatic β-cell line

2010 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre C. Keane ◽  
Hilton K. Takahashi ◽  
Shalinee Dhayal ◽  
Noel G. Morgan ◽  
Rui Curi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Cox 1

Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to saturated non-esterified fatty acids can lead to inhibition of insulin secretion and apoptosis. Several previous studies have demonstrated that saturated fatty acids such as PA (palmitic acid) are detrimental to β-cell function compared with unsaturated fatty acids. In the present study, we describe the effect of the polyunsaturated AA (arachidonic acid) on the function of the clonal pancreatic β-cell line BRIN-BD11 and demonstrate AA-dependent attenuation of PA effects. When added to β-cell incubations at 100 μM, AA can stimulate cell proliferation and chronic (24 h) basal insulin secretion. Microarray analysis and/or real-time PCR indicated significant AA-dependent up-regulation of genes involved in proliferation and fatty acid metabolism [e.g. Angptl (angiopoietin-like protein 4), Ech1 (peroxisomal Δ3,5,Δ2,4-dienoyl-CoA isomerase), Cox-1 (cyclo-oxygenase-1) and Cox-2, P<0.05]. Experiments using specific COX and LOX (lipoxygenase) inhibitors demonstrated the importance of COX-1 activity for acute (20 min) stimulation of insulin secretion, suggesting that AA metabolites may be responsible for the insulinotropic effects. Moreover, concomitant incubation of AA with PA dose-dependently attenuated the detrimental effects of the saturated fatty acid, so reducing apoptosis and decreasing parameters of oxidative stress [ROS (reactive oxygen species) and NO levels] while improving the GSH/GSSG ratio. AA decreased the protein expression of iNOS (inducible NO synthase), the p65 subunit of NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) and the p47 subunit of NADPH oxidase in PA-treated cells. These findings indicate that AA has an important regulatory and protective β-cell action, which may be beneficial to function and survival in the ‘lipotoxic’ environment commonly associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

THE EFFECT OF FREE FATTY ACIDS ON RESIN UPTAKE OF TRI-IODOTHYRONINE FROM HUMAN, RAT, RABBIT AND GUINEA-PIG SERUM AND HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN

1969 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. NATHANIELSZ
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Pig Serum

SUMMARY Recently changes in plasma free fatty acids have been suggested as a possible regulator of the levels of free thyroxine in the plasma. Oleic acid has been shown to displace tri-iodothyronine from human serum, human serum albumin, rat serum, rabbit serum and guinea-pig serum. The extent of the displacement, much greater from human serum albumin than from whole serum, suggests that free fatty acid does not affect the globulin binding site. It would also appear that, in the rat, all the binding sites are sensitive to free fatty acids and hence there is probably only albumin binding in this species. The results with rabbit and guinea-pig serum were intermediate to those with human and rat serum. A significant rise in resin uptake of tri-iodothyronine in vitro occurred with an increase of free fatty acid level of 0·5 m-equiv./l., well within the physiological range.

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