Towards an artificial model of ‘languaging’: reviewing the distributed language hypothesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon F. Worgan
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Language ◽  
Artificial Model

Distribution and translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong King Lee
Keyword(s):  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
First Order ◽  
Language System ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Distributed Language

Abstract Translation has traditionally been viewed as a branch of applied linguistics. This has changed drastically in recent decades, which have witnessed translation studies growing as a field beyond, and sometimes against, applied linguistics. This paper is an attempt to think translation back into applied linguistics by reconceptualizing translation through the notions of distributed language, semiotic repertoire, and assemblage. It argues that: (a) embedded within a larger textual-media ecology, translation is enacted through dialogical interaction among the persons, texts, technologies, platforms, institutions, and traditions operating within that ecology; (b) what we call translations are second-order constructs, or relatively stable formations of signs abstracted from the processual flux of translating on the first-order; (c) translation is not just about moving a work from one discrete language system across to another, but about distributing it through semiotic repertoires; (d) by orchestrating resources performatively, translations are not just interventions in the target language and culture, but are transformative of the entire translingual and multimodal space (discursive, interpretive, material) surrounding a work. The paper argues that distributed thinking helps us de-fetishize translation as an object of study and reimagine translators as partaking of a creative network of production alongside other human and non-human agents.

scholarly journals Development of Artificial Model System for Exocytosis and Endocytosis Using Cell-sized Giant Liposomes

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 098-100
Author(s):  
Naohide HIRASHIMA ◽  
Satoshi TADOKORO
Keyword(s):  
Model System ◽  
Artificial Model

Soft Synthetic Microgels as Mimics of Mycoplasma

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Büning ◽  
Jens Schumacher ◽  
Alexander Helling ◽  
Ramzi Chakroun ◽  
Franka Ennen-Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Artificial Model

Artificial model colloids are of special interest for the development of advanced sterile filters, able to efficiently separate pleomorphic, highly deformable and infectious bacteria such as mycoplasma, which, until now,...

A Survey on Bio-Inspired Method for Detection of Spamming

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mebarka Yahlali
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Biological Model ◽  
It Security ◽  
Spam Filtering ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Social Bees ◽  
N Gram ◽  
Artificial Model

The objective of this work is to show the importance of bi-inspiration SPAM filtering. To achieve this goal, the author compared two methods: Social bees vs inspiration from the Human Renal. The inspiration is taken from a biological model. Messages are indexed and represented by the n-gram words and characters independent of languages (because message can be received in any language). The results are promising and provide an important way for the use of this model for solving other problems in data mining. The author starts this article with a short introduction where the readers will see the importance of IT security—especially today. The author then explains and experiments on a two original meta-heuristics and explains the natural model and then the artificial model.

scholarly journals Modulation of equol production via different dietary regimens in an artificial model of the human colon

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 103819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Vázquez ◽  
Ana Belén Flórez ◽  
Sanne Verbruggen ◽  
Begoña Redruello ◽  
Jessica Verhoeven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Colon ◽  
Artificial Model

Emotion Generation Based on a Mismatch Theory of Emotions for Situated Agents

2009 ◽  
pp. 247-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Raïevsky ◽  
François Michaud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Signaling Function ◽  
Emotion Generation ◽  
Collective Foraging ◽  
Mismatch Theory ◽  
Artificial Model ◽  
Made In

Emotion plays several important roles in the cognition of human beings and other life forms, and is therefore a legitimate inspiration for providing situated agents with adaptability and autonomy. However, there is no unified theory of emotion and many discoveries are yet to be made in its applicability to situated agents. One function of emotion commonly identified by psychologists is to signal to other cognitive processes that the current situation requires an adaptation. The main purposes of this chapter are to highlight the usefulness of this signaling function of emotion for situated agents and to present an artificial model of anger and fear based on mismatch theories of emotion, which aims at replicating this function. Collective foraging simulations are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the model and to characterize its influence on a decision-making architecture.

Analysis of Item-Level Bias in the Bayley-III Language Subscales: The Validity and Utility of Standardized Language Assessment in a Multilingual Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2663-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun K. Y. Goh ◽  
Elaine K. H. Tham ◽  
Iliana Magiati ◽  
Litwee Sim ◽  
Shamini Sanmugam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Bias ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Language Bias ◽  
Language System ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Language Assessments ◽  
Language Exposure ◽  
Distributed Language

Purpose The purpose of this study was to improve standardized language assessments among bilingual toddlers by investigating and removing the effects of bias due to unfamiliarity with cultural norms or a distributed language system. Method The Expressive and Receptive Bayley-III language scales were adapted for use in a multilingual country (Singapore). Differential item functioning (DIF) was applied to data from 459 two-year-olds without atypical language development. This involved investigating if the probability of success on each item varied according to language exposure while holding latent language ability, gender, and socioeconomic status constant. Associations with language, behavioral, and emotional problems were also examined. Results Five of 16 items showed DIF, 1 of which may be attributed to cultural bias and another to a distributed language system. The remaining 3 items favored toddlers with higher bilingual exposure. Removal of DIF items reduced associations between language scales and emotional and language problems, but improved the validity of the expressive scale from poor to good. Conclusions Our findings indicate the importance of considering cultural and distributed language bias in standardized language assessments. We discuss possible mechanisms influencing performance on items favoring bilingual exposure, including the potential role of inhibitory processing.

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