Technical debt and system architecture: The impact of coupling on defect-related activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 170-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan MacCormack ◽  
Daniel J. Sturtevant
Keyword(s):  
System Architecture ◽  
Technical Debt ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Quantifying the impact of soil compaction on root system architecture in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by X-ray micro-computed tomography

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saoirse R. Tracy ◽  
Colin R. Black ◽  
Jeremy A. Roberts ◽  
Craig Sturrock ◽  
Stefan Mairhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Root System ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Controlling The Root System Architecture In Rice: Impact of Genes, Phytohormones And Root Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj K Verma ◽  
Shikha Verma ◽  
Nalini Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
World Food Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Root Microbiota

Abstract BackgroundIn order to feed expanding population, new crop varieties were generated which significantly contribute to world food security. However, the growth of these improved plants varieties relied primarily on synthetic fertilizers, which negatively affect the environment as well as human health. Plants adapt to adverse environmental changes by adopting root systems through architectural changes at the root-type and tissue-specific changes and nutrient uptake efficiency. ScopePlants adapt and operate distinct pathways at various stages of development in order to optimally establish their root systems, such as change in the expression profile of genes, changes in phytohormone level and microbiome induced Root System Architecture (RSA) modification. Many scientific studies have been carried out to understand plant response to microbial colonization and how microbes involved in RSA improvement through phytohormone level and transcriptomic changes.ConclusionIn this review, we spotlight the impact of genes, phytohormones and root microbiota on RSA and provide specific, critical new insights that have been resulted from recent studies on rice root as a model. First, we discuss new insights into the genetic regulation of RSA. Next, hormonal regulation of root architecture and the impact of phytohormones in crown root and root branching is discussed. Finally, we discussed the impact of root microbiota in RSA modification and summarized the current knowledge about the biochemical and central molecular mechanisms involved.

Partitioning System Architecture to Optimize Reliability While Limiting the Impact of Cost, Weight and Schedule

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Wasiloff ◽  
Robert J. Regan
Keyword(s):  
System Architecture ◽  
System Reliability ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Cost Weight ◽  
Shift Control ◽  
Physical Volume ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A method using discrete design optimization to maximize product reliability and customer satisfaction through uniquely partitioning system architecture is developed and presented in this paper. Using integer programming, constraints such as cost, weight and physical volume are incorporated into a mathematical model to improve system reliability through the introduction of system architectural redundancies. An advanced automatic transmission electronic shift control system is examined as a potential application for the aforementioned methodology. A significant improvement in system reliability is achieved through the application of this optimization tool in the shift control design problem. A generic model is proposed for architectural optimization of emerging advanced technology systems with requisite critical reliability requirements.

scholarly journals Background Diet Influences TMAO Concentrations Associated with Red Meat Intake without Influencing Apparent Hepatic TMAO-Related Activity in a Porcine Model

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Thøgersen ◽  
Martin Krøyer Rasmussen ◽  
Ulrik K. Sundekilde ◽  
Sophie A. Goethals ◽  
Thomas Van Hecke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Background Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Red And Processed Meat

Red meat has been associated with an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, possibly through gut microbial-derived trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). However, previous reports are conflicting, and influences from the background diet may modulate the impact of meat consumption. This study investigated the effect of red and white meat intake combined with two different background diets on urinary TMAO concentration and its association with the colon microbiome in addition to apparent hepatic TMAO-related activity. For 4 weeks, 32 pigs were fed chicken or red and processed meat combined with a prudent or western background diet. 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis was conducted on urine samples and hepatic Mrna expression of TMAO-related genes determined. Lower urinary TMAO concentrations were observed after intake of red and processed meat when consumed with a prudent compared to a western background diet. In addition, correlation analyses between urinary TMAO concentrations and relative abundance of colon bacterial groups suggested an association between TMAO and specific bacterial taxa. Diet did not affect the hepatic Mrna expression of genes related to TMAO formation. The results suggest that meat-induced TMAO formation is regulated by mechanisms other than alterations at the hepatic gene expression level, possibly involving modulations of the gut microbiota.

scholarly journals On the Relationship between Self-Admitted Technical Debt Removals and Technical Debt Measures

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Lerina Aversano ◽  
Martina Iammarino ◽  
Mimmo Carapella ◽  
Andrea Del Vecchio ◽  
Laura Nardi
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Software Quality ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Technical Debt ◽  
Effective Reduction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The technical debt (TD) in a software project refers to the adoption of an inadequate solution from its design to the source code. When developers admit the presence of technical debt in the source code, through comments or commit messages, it is called self-admitted technical debt (SATD). This aspect of TD has been the subject of numerous research studies, which have investigated its distribution, the impact on software quality, and removal. Therefore, this work focuses on the relationship between SATD and TD values. In particular, the study aims to compare the admitted technical debt with respect to its objective measure. In fact, the trends of TD values during SATD removals have been studied. This was done thanks to the use of an SATD dataset and their related removals in four open source projects. Instead, the SonarQube tool was used to measure TD values. Thanks to this work, it turned out that SATD removals in a few cases correspond to an effective reduction of TD values, while in numerous cases, the classes indicated are removed.

Eigenvector Rotation as an Estimation of Architectural Change

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Dong ◽  
Somwrita Sarkar ◽  
Marie-Lise Moullec ◽  
Marija Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
System Architecture ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Connectivity Matrix ◽  
Present System ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Architectural Change ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Performance Gains ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

Many important technical innovations occur through changes to existing system architectures. To manage the balance between performance gains by the innovation and the risk of change, companies estimate the degree of architectural change an innovation option could cause due to change propagation throughout the entire system. To do so, they must evaluate the innovation options for their integration cost given the present system architecture. This article presents a new algorithm and metrics based upon eigenvector rotations of the architectural connectivity matrix to assess the sensitivity of a system architecture to introduced innovations, modelled as perturbations on the system. The article presents studies of the impact of changes on synthetic system architectures to validate the method. The results show that there is no single architecture that is the most amenable to introduced innovation. Properties such as the density of existing connections and the number of changes that modify intra- or inter-module connections can introduce global effects that are not known in advance. Hierarchical modular system architectures tend to be relatively stable to introduced innovations and distributed changes to any architecture tends to cause the largest eigenvector rotations.

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