Effect of methoprene treated polymer packaging on fecundity, egg hatchability, and egg-to-adult emergence of Tribolium castaneum and Trogoderma variabile

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna S. Scheff ◽  
Bhadriraju Subramanyam ◽  
Frank H. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Trogoderma Variabile

scholarly journals Chemical composition and toxicity of some Agro waste-derived insecticides against Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga ceralella (Olivier) [Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae] infesting stored paddy grains

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Olufemi Ashamo ◽  
Kayode David Ileke ◽  
Ayomiposi Idowu Onasile
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Sitotroga Cerealella ◽  
Angoumois Grain Moth ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Mortality Effect ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Agriculture being one of the major practices in the world has contributed to environmental pollution, especially in developing countries where there were no equipment to recycle the agricultural wastes. Considering the high level of infestation of paddy by Sitotroga cerealella and the high level of pollution caused by agricultural wastes, this research investigated the chemical composition and toxicity of agro wastes (rice husk, maize cob, groundnut and cowpea pods) as eco-friendly protectants of paddy against Sitotroga cerealella. Parameters assessed include adult mortality, oviposition, adult emergence and egg hatchability. Gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometry were used to isolate and characterize the active compounds present in the most effective crude extract. Results The results of the study revealed that all agricultural wastes showed high mortality effect on S. cerealella. Cowpea pod powder was the most toxic to adult paddy moth that caused 33.33%, 36.67%, 46.67%, 50% and 60% mortality of S. cerealella at concentrations 0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g and 0.5 g/20 g of paddy grains after 24 h of exposure, respectively. The Cowpea pod, groundnut pod and maize cob extracts caused 100% mortality of S. cerealella at concentration 0.5 ml/20 g of paddy grains after 96 h of exposure, respectively. The lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 of cowpea pod after 24 h were 0.16 and 0.64 ml which were the lowest of all agro waste extract tested. GC–MS analysis revealed that 19 chemical compounds were present in cowpea pod extract, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (a methyl ester) has the highest percentage total of 39.57% and 4-Pentenal, 2-methylene (0.12%) has the least percentage total. Conclusion All the observations revealed that cowpea pod was the most effective. The findings also suggested that the selected agricultural wastes have a promising insecticidal potential and can be used as alternatives to synthetic chemical insecticides for the control of stored product insects.

scholarly journals Effect of LongRange™ eprinomectin on Anopheles arabiensis by feeding on calves treated with the drug

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Belay ◽  
Beyene Petros ◽  
Teshome Gebre-Michael ◽  
Meshesha Balkew
Keyword(s):  
Anopheles Arabiensis ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Malaria Vector Control ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets ◽  
Nylon Cloth

Abstract Background Misuse of long-lasting insecticidal nets together with resistance of vectors to most of the insecticides for indoor residual spraying and impregnated nets threaten malaria vector control interventions, requiring search for alternative control methods. Reports have shown that Anopheles mosquitoes die when they feed on endectocidal drugs used to treat humans and animals. A study was designed to investigate the efficacy of LongRange™ (eprinomectin 5%) on laboratory reared Anopheles arabiensis fed on treated calves. Methods Anopheles arabiensis from insectary colony was fed on three calves treated with therapeutic dose of LongRange™ eprinomectin (1 ml/50 kg) and on non-treated three other calves as control arm. For the feeding, mosquitoes were placed in paper cups covered with nylon cloth mesh and then allowed to feed on the necks of calves. Subsequently, mosquito survival, fecundity, egg hatchability, larval development and adult emergence were recorded. Data were entered and analysed by using SPSS version 20. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and independent sample t-test were used. Results All mosquitoes that fed on LongRange™ Eprinomectin treated calves died within 7 days following blood ingestion. The drug also slightly affected fecundity and hatchability of An. arabiensis. Conclusion Treating livestock with LongRange™ (eprinomectin 5%) may serve as a supplementary control method for zoophagic An. arabiensis.

scholarly journals The effect of different selection intensities on selection response in egg-laying of Tribolium castaneum

1975 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ruano ◽  
F. Orozco ◽  
C. López-Fanjul
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Selection Intensities ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Rate Of Response ◽  
Good Agreement

SUMMARYAn experiment was carried out to test the effect of varying selection intensity on the response to individual selection with a fixed number of individuals scored per generation. The selected trait was egg laying of virgin females of Tribolium castaneum scored from the 7th to the 1 lth day after adult emergence. Five different selected proportions of females were considered (5, 10, 20, 33 and 50%) and each treatment was represented by two replicate lines. Control lines were maintained throughout the experiment. The lines selected at the lowest proportions (5 and 10%) led to the largest initial gains, but the largest final gains were achieved, by the lines where the proportions selected were 10 and 20%, in agreement with theory. Lines where the proportion selected was 50% gave the lowest rate of response over the period considered (32 generations). A good agreement was found between predicted and realized short-term responses to selection. Prediction at later stages of selection deteriorated in the most strongly selected lines mainly due to the levels of inbreeding attained.

scholarly journals Sublethal and transgenerational effects of alphamethrin on life history traits of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae), a malaria mosquito

2017 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P.N. Hariprasad ◽  
N.J. Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

AbstractAnopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae), an urban malaria vector in India, is controlled by insecticides. Sublethal concentrations can be effective in reducing mosquito populations and disease transmission by reducing its reproductive fitness. In this study, sublethal effects of alphamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, were assessed on selected fitness parameters. Late third instars of the Goraguntepalya strain, Bangalore, were exposed to three sublethal doses, LC10 – 0.00006, LC30 – 0.0004, and LC50 – 0.0014 mg/L and their effects on fecundity, egg hatchability, sex ratio, and longevity in parental, F1 and F2 generations. The morphology of gonads, pattern of pupation, and adult emergence were also assessed. We found a significant reduction in fecundity and hatchability among the sublethal concentrations as well as across generations. Survival analysis showed significant reduction in lifespan of exposed groups. Delay in pupation, eclosion, and no distortion in sex ratio was observed. The results suggest that sublethal concentrations of alphamethrin may have negative effects on exposed individuals and subsequent generations.

scholarly journals Effect of coffee on the growth and development of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mostakim ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Botanical Pesticide ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Effect of various concentrations of coffee, Coffea arabica, viz. 12.50%, 25% and 50% on the growth and development of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was determined. Coffee lengthened the larval and pupal periods significantly. There was also a significant reduction in the pupal recovery and adult emergence of the beetle following treatment. The food with 50% coffee had the most detrimental effects on the beetle. Coffee extract could be used as useful botanical pesticide for controlling red flour beetle.Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(2): 211-216, 2014

scholarly journals Pyriproxyfen-Treated Polypropylene Sheets and Resting Boxes for Controlling Mosquitoes in Livestock Operations

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pattarapon Khemrattrakool ◽  
Jintana Yanola ◽  
Nongkran Lumjuan ◽  
Pradya Somboon
Keyword(s):  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Anopheles Subpictus ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
The Impact

Many insect vector species of medical and veterinary importance are found abundantly in areas where animals are held. In these areas, they often rest for a period of time on objects around the animals both before and after blood feeding. However, the use of neurotoxic insecticides for vector control is not advised for use in such shelters as these chemicals can pose hazards to animals. The present study evaluated the efficacy of pyriproxyfen (PPF), an insect growth regulator, applied to polypropylene sheets and resting boxes on the reproductivity of mosquitoes found in animal shelters in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The sheets sprayed with 666 mg PPF/m2 were set on the inner wall of a cowshed and kept in place for 3 h (6.00 to 9.00 pm). During this time, fully blood-fed female mosquitoes that landed and remained continuously on the sheets for 5, 10, and 20 min were collected. The results, involving Anopheles subpictus, An. vagus, Culex gelidus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and Cx. vishnui, revealed significant reductions in oviposition rates, egg hatchability, pupation, and adult emergence in the PPF-treated groups compared to the control groups. Adult emergence rates were reduced to 85.6–94.9% and 95.5–100% in those exposed for 10 and 20 min, respectively. The sheets retained their effectiveness for three months. The PPF-treated (666 mg/m2) resting boxes (35 × 35 × 55 cm) were placed overnight at a chicken farm where Cx. quinquefasciatus predominated. Blood-fed mosquitoes were collected in the morning and reared in the laboratory. Oviposition rates were reduced by 71.7% and adult emergence was reduced by 97.8% compared to the controls. PPF residual spray on surface materials in animal sheds is a potential method for controlling mosquitoes. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of PPF-treated materials on wild populations.

scholarly journals Toxicity Of Fenvalerate On Larvae Of The Susceptible And Resistant Strains Of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst)

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Saiful Islam Faruki ◽  
Rogena Yeasmin ◽  
Dipali Rani Das
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroid ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Resistant Strains

Five-day old larvae of the susceptible (FSS-II) and organophosphorus-resistant (PH-I) strains of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum were exposed under laboratory conditions to food treated with 100, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm of a synthetic pyrethroid Fenvalerate up to adult emergence. The larval mortality was assessed at 1-, 3-, 7- and 15-days post-exposure, and up to pupation. PH-I was found less susceptible to Fenvalerate than FSS-II which required 1.2 to 3.1 fold more insecticide to induce 50% mortality. The pyrethroid treatments significantly increased the larval and pupal periods (P<0⋅05) in both the strains and the formation of pupal and adult progenies was adversely affected (P<0⋅001). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v6i0.9717 JLES 2011 6: 27-31

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