A multi-year evaluation of the effects of a Response to Intervention (RTI) model on identification of children for special education

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. VanDerHeyden ◽  
Joseph C. Witt ◽  
Donna Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Rti Model

Response to Intervention

Education ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Eppolito ◽  
Kathryn White ◽  
Janette Klingner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
General Education ◽  
Progress Monitoring ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Data Driven Decision Making ◽  
Rti Model

Response to intervention (RTI) is a comprehensive, systematic approach to teaching and learning designed to monitor academic and behavioral progress for all students, provide early interventions of increasing intensity to struggling learners, and potentially identify learners with more significant learning disabilities. The model is implemented with multitiered instruction, intervention, and assessment. The key components of the RTI model include (1) high-quality instruction matched to the needs of students, (2) evidence-based interventions of increasing intensity, (3) ongoing progress monitoring, and (4) data-driven decision making. Components of the model, such as data-driven decision making and multitiered instruction, have been studied for the past few decades, but the model as an integrated whole has been developed more recently. One catalyst for increased research and interest in RTI has been a change in federal legislation in the United States. The most recent reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) in 2004 permits the RTI model to be implemented as an alternative means to identify students with learning disabilities (LDs). These amendments to IDEA stipulate that the RTI process may be used to determine if a child is responding to research-based instruction and intervention as part of the special education evaluation process. Although driven by special education policy, RTI has been lauded as an instructional model that can improve general education overall and for special populations. However, critiques of the model argue that it has been implemented with limited research, resources, and funding and may not be valid for identifying LDs. Some experts question the psychometric validity of the model and promote using multiple forms of assessment, including more traditional standardized psycho-educational tests, in combination with RTI when evaluating students for possible LDs.

The Promise and Perils of Response to Intervention to Address Disproportionality in Special Education

2016 ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Wendy Cavendish ◽  
Benikia Kressler ◽  
Ana Maria Menda ◽  
Anabel Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Response To Intervention

English Language Learners and the Response to Intervention Model

2015 ◽  
pp. 198-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Christine Higgins
Keyword(s):  
English Language Learners ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Speech And Language Impairment ◽  
Rti Model ◽  
Research Based Interventions

English language learners (ELLs) are often misdiagnosed as having a learning disability or speech and language impairment and as a result are placed into special education programs. Response to Intervention (RTI) is a framework that can reduce this misdiagnosis and help these learners achieve more over time. This chapter explains how some of this misdiagnosis occurs and how to use Response to Intervention with the ELL population to overcome this problem. It includes research-based interventions proven to work for this population, suggestions on how to implement an RTI model, and case studies of students who represent situations that often come up in the field. With successful implementation of an RTI program, it is hoped that all students will receive the targeted support that they need and deserve.

Leveraging Professional Development to Prepare General and Special Education Teachers to Teach within Response to Intervention Frameworks

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
Amber Elizabeth Benedict ◽  
Mary T. Brownell ◽  
Cynthia C. Griffin ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jonte A Myers
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Special Education ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Instructional Systems

This chapter examines the role professional development (PD) plays in preparing teachers to teach within Response to Intervention (RTI) frameworks, and how future PD efforts might be leveraged to strengthen the preparation of general and special education teachers to coordinate instruction and teach more effectively within multi-tiered instructional systems. This chapter highlights two PD approaches that directly address these issues. Prime Online and Project InSync are two PD innovations that have specifically addressed how PD can be designed to support general and special education teachers in deepening their shared knowledge and improving their ability to enact coordinated instruction across instructional tiers within RTI frameworks.

Response to Intervention: An Opportunity for School Counselor Leadership

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1101400
Author(s):  
Theresa Ryan ◽  
Carol J. Kaffenberger ◽  
Amy Gleason Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
School Counselor ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
School Level ◽  
Implementation Team ◽  
School Counselor Leadership ◽  
Rti Model ◽  
The Impact

This article describes a novel implementation of a response to intervention (RTI) model at the elementary school level, with particular focus on the role of the school counselor. The RTI process was used with all K-2 students as a way of delivering research-based best practice to all students, and as a way of documenting the educational progress of students identified as at risk for school problems. A member of the development and implementation team, the school counselor collected data to estimate the impact of the model on student progress after the first year of data collection. The article also shares implications for the role of the elementary school counselor.

High School Teachers’ Sense-Making of Response to Intervention: A Critical Practice Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benikia Kressler ◽  
Wendy Cavendish
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Critical Practice ◽  
Special Education Policy ◽  
Practice Analysis ◽  
Rti Model

Response to intervention (RtI) is touted as an equity-focused provision of special education policy that holds promise for reducing overrepresentation and providing academic opportunities for culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students. However, teachers working to implement RtI have encountered complex challenges that stifle equitable outcomes. Employing the zone of mediation (ZOM) as the critical practice analysis framework, this qualitative study examined six high school teachers’ sense-making and engagement within an RtI framework, with specific attention to their data-based decision making (DbDM) for CLD students. We used an inductive analysis approach and developed three themes: (a) limited understanding, training, and support; (b) top-down accountability pressures; and (c) deficit views on student performance. These findings situated within the ZOM framework underscore complexities that render the promise of equity for CLD students impotent within an RtI model.

scholarly journals Special Education in a 4-Year Response to Intervention (RtI) Environment: Characteristics of Students with Learning Disability and Grade of Identification

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rollanda E. O'Connor ◽  
Kathleen M. Bocian ◽  
Kristen D. Beach ◽  
Victoria Sanchez ◽  
Lindsay J. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Response To Intervention ◽  
Learning Disability
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