scholarly journals Thermochronology of South America passive margin between Uruguay and southern Brazil: A lengthy and complex cooling history based on (U–Th)/He and fission tracks

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 103019
Author(s):  
João Pacífico Machado ◽  
Andréa Ritter Jelinek ◽  
Randell Stephenson ◽  
Paul O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cooling History ◽  
Fission Tracks

Two new species of Margyricarpus (Rosaceae, Sanguisorbeae) from high-elevation grasslands in southern Brazil, and other notes on the genus Margyricarpus

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 496 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
LUÍS A. FUNEZ ◽  
GUSTAVO HASSEMER ◽  
NIVALDO PERONI ◽  
ELISANDRO R. DRECHSLER-SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Two New Species

Margyricarpus pinnatus is a poorly understood entity from natural grasslands of South America that it better considered as a species complex. In this work we contribute to the advancement of the taxonomic knowledge of this challenging species complex by describing two new species of Margyricarpus from southern Brazil. We present field photographs, illustrations, a distribution map and ecologic and conservation notes on the new species.

scholarly journals On the fossil Remains of Panochthus Burmeister, 1866 (Xenarthra, Cingulata, Glyptodontidae) from the Pleistocene of southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
José D. Ferreira ◽  
Martín Zamorano ◽  
Ana Maria Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Species Level ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Latitudinal Distribution ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
New Material

The genus Panochthus represents the last lineage of "Panochthini" recorded in the Pleistocene. This genus has a wide latitudinal distribution in South America, and in Brazil it occurs in the southern and northeastern regions. In this paper we describe new material (isolated osteoderms and caudal tube fragments) assigned to Panochthus from the state of Rio Grande do Sul (southern Brazil) and discuss some taxonomic issues related to Panochthus tuberculatus and Panochthus greslebini based on this material . The occurrence of P. greslebini is the first for outside the Brazilian Intertropical Region. In addition, we describe new diagnostic features to differentiate the osteoderms of P. greslebini and P. tuberculatus. Unfortunately, it was not possible to identify some osteoderms at the species level. Interestingly, they showed four distinct morphotypes characterized by their external morphology, and thus were attributed to Panochthus sp. Lastly, we conclude that in addition to P.tuberculatus registered to southern Brazil, there is another species of the genus, assignable to P. cf. P. greslebini. Our analysis reinforce the reliability of caudal tube characters for the classification of species of Panochthus.

scholarly journals Multiple incursion pathways for Helicoverpa armigera in Brazil show its genetic diversity spreading in a connected world

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas A. Arnemann ◽  
Stephen H. Roxburgh ◽  
Tom Walsh ◽  
Jerson V.C. Guedes ◽  
Karl H.J. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
South American Continent

AbstractThe Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that the H. armigera spread across the South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern and central Brazilian H. armigera mtDNA COI haplotypes with those from southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic and gene flow patterns of this dispersive pest in the agricultural landscape of South America. We show that the spatial distribution of H. armigera mtDNA haplotypes and its inferred gene flow patterns in the southwestern region of South America exhibited signatures inconsistent with a single incursion hypothesis. Simulations on spatial distribution patterns show that the detection of rare and/or the absence of dominant mtDNA haplotypes in southern H. armigera populations are inconsistent with genetic signatures observed in northern and central Brazil. Incursions of H. armigera into the New World are therefore likely to have involved independent events in northern/central Brazil, and southern Brazil/Uruguay-Argentina-Paraguay. This study demonstrates the significant biosecurity challenges facing the South American continent, and highlights alternate pathways for introductions of alien species into the New World.

scholarly journals The Technological Diversity of Lithic Industries in Eastern South America during the Late Pleistocene-Holocene Transition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Moreno De Sousa
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Projectile Points ◽  
Technological Diversity ◽  
Lithic Assemblages ◽  
Adjacent Part ◽  
Archaeological Cultures

Brazilian archaeological literature has insisted for decades upon associating hunter-gatherer sites dated to the Pleistocene–Holocene transition either to the Itaparica tradition, if located in central or northeastern Brazil, or to the Umbu tradition and Humaitá tradition, if located in southern Brazil, Uruguay, or any other adjacent part of Paraguay and Argentina. These associations have been based almost entirely on the presence or absence of lesmas and “projectile points,” regardless of their morphological and technological features. In the Uruguayan archaeological literature, three other cultures are recognised: Fell industry, Catalanense industry, and Tigre tradition, all in the Uruguayan region. However, the last 10 years of systematic studies on the lithic assemblages from these sites have shown that Paleoindian societies from Eastern South America are more culturally diverse than expected and that previously defined archaeological cultures present several issues in their definition, suggesting that many of these “traditions” are not valid and should no longer be used. Instead, new lithic industries and archaeological cultures should be defined only when cultural patterns are observable through systematic analyses.

Implications of drainage rearrangement for passive margin escarpment evolution in southern Brazil

Geomorphology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 155-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Vinicius de Sordi ◽  
André Augusto Rodrigues Salgado ◽  
Lionel Siame ◽  
Didier Bourlès ◽  
Julio Cesar Paisani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Passive Margin ◽  
Southern Brazil

The missing Eusarcus: generic relocation of Pucrolia minuta, with synonymic notes (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4990 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-590
Author(s):  
LUIS E. ACOSTA ◽  
ELIÁN L. GUERRERO
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
The Core ◽  
The 19Th Century

The harvestmen family Gonyleptidae (Opiliones), the largest one in the Neotropics (Kury 2003), is astonishingly diverse in eastern South America. The species-rich genus Eusarcus Perty, 1833, is characteristic for this area. It is the second largest gonyleptid genus (Kury 2003; Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010), with a long taxonomical history beginning in the 19th century, when Perty (1833) described the genus together with four species. The number of species increased gradually in the 20th century through the addition of new descriptions and the synonymies of several related genera, with the corresponding species transferals (Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010). Eusarcus is a relatively well-studied taxon that has undergone a thorough systematic revision (Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010). Currently the genus contains 40 valid species, some of them cave-dwellers, with 32 species inhabiting the Atlantic rainforest and Paraná semi-deciduous forests (Saraiva & DaSilva 2016; Santos Júnior et al. 2021). The remaining species are peripheral to the core geographic area and are found in the Brazilian Cerrado, in Paraguay, or in the “Pampas” grasslands of Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil (Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010).  

Conclusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Alan Erbig
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
Northeastern Argentina

Following the formation of independent republics in southeastern South America, travellers, politicians and academics alike used the territorial imaginaries of the Madrid and San Ildefonso boundary commissions to envision national communities devoid of Native peoples. Whether narrating patriotic histories of territorial conquest or using colonial borders to catalogue Indigenous peoples who had routinely traversed them, postcolonial authors simultaneously appropriated Native pasts while denying the existence of their Indigenous contemporaries. Contradictory claims of Indigenous emigration emerged in Uruguay, northeastern Argentina, and southern Brazil, and Charrúas and Minuanes were reduced to bit players in or antecedents to the formation of national or subnational communities. By considering the interplay between territorial imaginaries and identity formation, the conclusion demonstrates how the re-emergence of Charrúas on a regional political scale since the late 1980s not only disrupts national mythmaking but fits within deeper historical patterns.

scholarly journals Multiple incursion pathways for Helicoverpa armigera in Brazil show its genetic diversity spreading in a connected world

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Andre Arnemann ◽  
Stephen Roxburgh ◽  
Tom Walsh ◽  
Jerson Guedes ◽  
Karl Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
South American Continent

AbstractThe Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that the H. armigera spread across the South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern and central Brazilian H. armigera mtDNA COI haplotypes with those from southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic and gene flow patterns of this dispersive pest in the agricultural landscape of South America. We show that the spatial distribution of H. armigera mtDNA haplotypes and its inferred gene flow patterns in the southwestern region of South America exhibited signatures inconsistent with a single incursion hypothesis. Simulations on spatial distribution patterns show that the detection of rare and/or the absence of dominant mtDNA haplotypes in southern H. armigera populations are inconsistent with genetic signatures observed in northern and central Brazil. Incursions of H. armigera into the New World are therefore likely to have involved independent events in northern/central Brazil, and southern Brazil/Uruguay-Argentina-Paraguay. This study demonstrates the significant biosecurity challenges facing the South American continent, and highlights alternate pathways for introductions of alien species into the New World.

scholarly journals Studies on Anopheles (Kerteszia) homunculus Komp (Diptera: Culicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2299 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA ANICE MUREB SALLUM ◽  
CECILIA L. S. DOS SANTOS ◽  
RICHARD C. WILKERSON
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
Rdna Its2 ◽  
Mata Atlantica

The present findings suggest that Anopheles (Kerteszia) homunculus may comprise more than one species. The rDNA ITS2 sequence data corroborate the presence of An. homunculus l.s. in Mata Atlântica, southern Brazil, and suggest that specimens from Trinidad may belong to an unnamed morphologically similar species. There is a need for additional studies to establish the geographical distribution of An. homunculus l.s. in continental South America and in Trinidad, especially in southern Mata Atlântica, Brazil.

scholarly journals Geographic variation in ectoparasitic mites diversity in Tadarida Brasiliensis (Chiroptera, Molossidae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Tatiana C. Pesenti ◽  
Sâmara N. Gomes ◽  
Ana M. Rui ◽  
Gertrud Müller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Tadarida Brasiliensis ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Prevalent Species

Tadarida brasiliensis (Geoffroy, 1824), the Brazilian free-tailed bat, is an insectivorous bat that occurs from southern United States of America to southern South America. In this study we present the first data on diversity of ectoparasitic mites of T. brasiliensis in Brazil. A compilation and analysis of the studies of mite diversity conducted in different points the geographic distribution this bat species are provided. The mites were collected from March 2010 to November 2011 on 160 T. brasiliensis adult bats captured in southern Brazil. Four species of mites have been found: Chiroptonyssus robustipes (Ewing, 1925), Ewingana longa (Ewing, 1938), Ewingana inaequalis (Radford, 1948), and specimens of Cheyletidae. Chiroptonyssus robustipes was the most prevalent species (100%), followed by E. longa (20%), E. inaequalis (10%), and specimens of Cheyletidae (1.25%). The data currently available show that C. robustipes parasitizes T. brasiliensis throughout its region of occurrence, and this mite is highly prevalent and abundant. The two species of Ewingana accompany the geographical distribution of T. brasiliensis, but with much lower prevalence and abundance.

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