Tephra fallout hazard assessment at Tacaná volcano (Mexico)

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Vázquez ◽  
Rosanna Bonasia ◽  
Arnau Folch ◽  
José L. Arce ◽  
J. Luis Macías
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Tacaná Volcano ◽  
Tephra Fallout

scholarly journals Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 2945-2981 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Scollo ◽  
M. Coltelli ◽  
C. Bonadonna ◽  
P. Del Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Explosive Eruptions ◽  
Advection Diffusion ◽  
Sedimentation Model ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Western Sicily ◽  
Past Activity ◽  
Tephra Fallout

Abstract. In this paper we present a probabilistic hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Mt. Etna (Italy) associated with both short- and long-lived eruptions. We analyzed wind data from the atmospheric soundings of the Italian Air Force at Trapani Birgi (western Sicily), and use the TEPHRA advection-diffusion-sedimentation model to capture the variation of wind speed and direction with time. Two different typologies of eruptions were considered in our analysis: eruptions forming strong short-lived plumes (SSL eruptions) and eruptions forming weak long-lived plumes (WLL eruptions). One Eruption Scenario (OES) for both typologies and the Eruption Range Scenario (ERS) for WLL eruptions were identified based on well documented past activity of Etna since the '90. First, model calibration was carried out for two well-known Etna explosive eruptions: the 22 July 1998 and July 2001 Etna eruptions. Second, probabilistic maps were compiled. Results clearly show that the eastern flanks are significantly affected by tephra deposition and that the WLL eruptions and the Plinian eruption of 122 BC represent the largest threat for both infrastructures and agriculture.

scholarly journals Brief Communication "Rain effect on the load of tephra deposits"

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1229-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Macedonio ◽  
A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Explosive Eruptions ◽  
Pyroclastic Deposits ◽  
Tephra Deposits ◽  
Rain Effect ◽  
Tephra Fallout

Abstract. Accumulation of tephra fallout produced during explosive eruptions can cause roof collapses in areas near the volcano, when the weight of the deposit exceeds some threshold value that depends on the quality of buildings. The additional loading of water that remains trapped in the tephra deposits due to rainfall can contribute to increasing the loading of the deposits on the roofs. Here we propose a simple approach to estimate an upper bound for the contribution of rain to the load of pyroclastic deposits that is useful for hazard assessment purposes. As case study we present an application of the method in the area of Naples, Italy, for a reference eruption from Vesuvius volcano.

scholarly journals Brief Communication: The effect of submerged vents on probabilistic hazard assessment for tephra fallout

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 7181-7196
Author(s):  
R. Tonini ◽  
L. Sandri ◽  
A. Costa ◽  
J. Selva
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Volcanic Hazard ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Probabilistic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Campi Flegrei Caldera ◽  
Tephra Fallout

Abstract. Many volcanic systems are partially or entirely submerged, implying that vents may open underwater. The effect of submerged vents on probabilistic volcanic hazard assessment (PVHA) for tephra fallout has always been neglected, introducing potentially uncontrolled biases. We present a strategy to quantify the effect of submerged vents on PVHA for tephra fallout, based on a simplified empirical model where the efficiency of tephra production decreases as a function of the water depth above the eruptive vent. The method is then applied to Campi Flegrei caldera, comparing its results to those of two reference end-member models and their statistical mixing.

scholarly journals Sensitivity test and ensemble hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Campi Flegrei, Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Selva ◽  
A. Costa ◽  
G. De Natale ◽  
M.A. Di Vito ◽  
R. Isaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Tephra Fallout

Tephra fallout hazard assessment at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy)

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Costa ◽  
F. Dell’Erba ◽  
M. A. Di Vito ◽  
R. Isaia ◽  
G. Macedonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Campi Flegrei Caldera ◽  
Tephra Fallout

scholarly journals Tephra hazard assessment at Mt. Etna (Italy)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3221-3233 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Scollo ◽  
M. Coltelli ◽  
C. Bonadonna ◽  
P. Del Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Advection Diffusion ◽  
Prevailing Wind Direction ◽  
Sedimentation Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mt Etna ◽  
Tephra Fallout

Abstract. In this paper we present a probabilistic hazard assessment for tephra fallout at Mt. Etna (Italy) associated with both short- and long-lived eruptions. Eruptive scenarios and eruption source parameters were defined based on the geological record, while an advection–diffusion–sedimentation model was used to capture the variation in wind speed and direction with time after calibration with the field data. Two different types of eruptions were considered in our analysis: eruptions associated with strong short-lived plumes and eruptions associated with weak long-lived plumes. Our probabilistic approach was based on one eruption scenario for both types and on an eruption range scenario for eruptions producing weak long-lived plumes. Due to the prevailing wind direction, the eastern flanks are the most affected by tephra deposition, with the 122 BC Plinian and 2002–2003 eruptions showing the highest impact both on infrastructures and agriculture.

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