Molecular networks related to the immune system and mitochondria are targets for the pesticide dieldrin in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) central nervous system

2017 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Cowie ◽  
Kathleena I. Sarty ◽  
Angella Mercer ◽  
Jin Koh ◽  
Karen A. Kidd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Molecular Networks

scholarly journals Innate Immunity Cells and the Neurovascular Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Presta ◽  
Marco Vismara ◽  
Fabiana Novellino ◽  
Annalidia Donato ◽  
Paolo Zaffino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Secondary Neoplasms ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Innate Immunity Cells

Recent studies have clarified many still unknown aspects related to innate immunity and the blood-brain barrier relationship. They have also confirmed the close links between effector immune system cells, such as granulocytes, macrophages, microglia, natural killer cells and mast cells, and barrier functionality. The latter, in turn, is able to influence not only the entry of the cells of the immune system into the nervous tissue, but also their own activation. Interestingly, these two components and their interactions play a role of great importance not only in infectious diseases, but in almost all the pathologies of the central nervous system. In this paper, we review the main aspects in the field of vascular diseases (cerebral ischemia), of primitive and secondary neoplasms of Central Nervous System CNS, of CNS infectious diseases, of most common neurodegenerative diseases, in epilepsy and in demyelinating diseases (multiple sclerosis). Neuroinflammation phenomena are constantly present in all diseases; in every different pathological state, a variety of innate immunity cells responds to specific stimuli, differentiating their action, which can influence the blood-brain barrier permeability. This, in turn, undergoes anatomical and functional modifications, allowing the stabilization or the progression of the pathological processes.

scholarly journals Role of 5-HT7 receptors in the immune system in health and disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Quintero-Villegas ◽  
Sergio Iván Valdés-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health And Disease

AbstractIn mammalians, serotonin (5-HT) has critical roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including mood stability, pain tolerance, or sleep patterns. However, the vast majority of serotonin is produced by intestinal enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract and circulating blood platelets, also acting outside of the CNS. Serotonin effects are mediated through its interaction with 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs), a superfamily with a repertoire of at least fourteen well-characterized members. 5-HT7 receptors are the last 5-HTR member to be identified, with well-defined functions in the nervous, gastrointestinal, and vascular systems. The effects of serotonin on the immune response are less well understood. Mast cells are known to produce serotonin, while T cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages and microglia express 5-HT7 receptor. Here, we review the known roles of 5-HT7 receptors in the immune system, as well as their potential therapeutic implication in inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders.

The Neuroimmune Interface in Prion Diseases

Physiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Michael A. Klein ◽  
Adriano Aguzzi
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Prion Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders of animals and humans. Here we address the role of the immune system in the spread of prions from peripheral sites to the central nervous system and its potential relevance to iatrogenic prion disease.

scholarly journals Coinfection withCryptococcus GattiiandMycobacterium Tuberculosisin an Otherwise Healthy 18-Year-Old Woman

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e62-e63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Van Tongeren ◽  
Tawimas Shaipanich ◽  
John A Fleetham
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Healthy Individual ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Healthy Young Woman ◽  
History Of

A case ofCryptococcus gattii(pulmonary and central nervous system) andMycobacterium tuberculosis(pulmonary) coinfection in an otherwise healthy young woman is reported. The patient presented with a two-month history of dry cough. She had an unremarkable medical history. Both tuberculosis and cryptococcosis were diagnosed following bronchoscopy, and a subsequent lumbar puncture revealedC gattiiin the cerebrospinal fluid. There is evidence that bothM tuberculosisandC gattiimay have suppressive effects on the host immune system. This suggests a mechanism by which an otherwise healthy individual developed these two infections.

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