Dormancy release and flowering time in Ziziphus jujuba Mill., a “direct flowering” fruit tree, has a facultative requirement for chilling

2016 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Meir ◽  
Vanessa Ransbotyn ◽  
Eran Raveh ◽  
Simon Barak ◽  
Noemi Tel-Zur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba

scholarly journals Identification of early and late flowering time candidate genes in endodormant and ecodormant almond flower buds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángela S Prudencio ◽  
Frank A Hoeberichts ◽  
Federico Dicenta ◽  
Pedro Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Raquel Sánchez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Tree Breeding ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Late Flowering ◽  
Chilling Requirements

Abstract Flower bud dormancy in temperate fruit tree species, like almond [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb], is a survival mechanism that ensures flowering will occur under suitable weather conditions for successful flower development, pollination and fruit set. Dormancy is divided into three sequential phases: paradormancy, endodormancy and ecodormancy. During the winter, buds need cultivar-specific chilling requirements to overcome endodormancy and heat requirements to activate the machinery to flower in the ecodormancy phase. One of the main factors that enables the transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy is transcriptome reprogramming. In this work, we therefore monitored three almond cultivars with different chilling requirements and flowering times by RNA sequencing during the endodormancy release of flower buds and validated the data by qRT-PCR in two consecutive seasons. We were thus able to identify early and late flowering time candidate genes in endodormant and ecodormant almond flower buds associated with metabolic switches, transmembrane transport, cell wall remodeling, phytohormone signaling and pollen development. These candidate genes were indeed involved in the overcoming of the endodormancy in almond. This information may be used for the development of dormancy molecular markers, increasing the efficiency of temperate fruit tree breeding programs in a climate-change context.

scholarly journals Review on Some Features of the Chinese Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ioan STOLI ◽  
Florin STĂNICĂ
Keyword(s):  
Climate Changes ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Chinese Jujube ◽  
Advertising Campaign ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba

The Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), originating from China, with a history of over 4000 years, is one of the major fruit crops cultivated in China and on important areas in Central Asia, India, Iran, the Middle East etc. The high resistances to drought, salty soils and similar climate to that of China recommend this fruit tree as a valuable crop, especially in the context of climate changes and extended desertification. Chinese jujube has a high tolerance to pests and disease, being suitable for organic farming. The lack of divulgative papers on jujube true nutritional, medicinal and economic value, makes it still unknown for the great part of Romanian and European consumers, intensive advertising campaign is needed. The aim of this review is to highlight the requirements of the Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) in regards to the soil, water, climate as well as its high nutritional and medicinal values.

scholarly journals Induction of Roots on Jujube Softwood Cuttings Using Agrobacterium rhizogenes

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 888D-888
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hatta ◽  
Caula A. Beyl ◽  
Stephen Garton
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Woody Ornamental

Trees of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba), particularly older ones, root with great difficulty. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effects of two strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (A4 and TR105) on softwood cuttings from two trees—a tree 10 years old not currently bearing flowers, which we called “juvenile” because it still exhibited many juvenile characteristics; and a tree ≈70 years old containing many flower buds, which we called “mature”. The cuttings were collected on 11 May 1994 and trimmed to 7.5 cm. Both strain and source of cutting influenced inoculation success—TR105 was more responsive to A. rhizogenes than was A4 and the “juvenile” cuttings more responsive than “mature” cuttings. Strain TR105 was very effective in increasing rooting percentages and root number. “Juvenile” cuttings had better rooting percentages, greater root number, and greater root length than did “mature” cuttings. Agrobacterium rhizogenes exhibits great potential for rooting other difficult woody ornamental or fruit tree species as well.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Modulation of Dormancy Release in Almond (Prunus dulcis) in Relation to the Flowering and Ripening Dates and Production under Controlled Temperature Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Ángela S. Prudencio ◽  
Pedro Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Federico Dicenta
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Prunus Dulcis ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Dormancy Release ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ripening Time ◽  
Phenological Dates

In this study, the control of eco- and endo-dormancy release led to the modulation of the flowering time in almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb). The study was performed in almond cultivars with contrasting flowering times: the extra-early flowering cultivar Desmayo Largueta and the ultra-late cultivar Tardona. Temperature control in the “Autumn”, “Winter” and “Spring” chambers successfully delayed the flowering time in Desmayo Largueta. Advance flowering in the cultivar Tardona was limited, however, even with the application of sufficient chill in the Winter chamber. The ecodormancy period and the heat accumulation for flowering were not stable among cultivars, even though the heat accumulation was generally high, in accordance with that accumulated in field conditions. The heat requirements of the early cultivar Desmayo Largueta were lower than those of the ultra-late cultivar Tardona. We observed a decreasing pattern in ecodormancy along treatments that was probably related to the temperature in the Spring chamber. Finally, flowering and fruit set were highly variable, and these parameters were more dependent on the cultivar assayed than on the treatment applied. Although the ripening time under our experimental conditions was earlier than the phenological dates observed in the field, the flowering time delayed the ripening time in the case of the extra-early cultivar Desmayo Largueta. The fruit weight increased in the last treatments, whereas the kernel/fruit ratio decreased, as the kernel weight did not vary significantly along treatments. The results obtained show that flowering time can be modulated by temperature control and that other uncontrolled factors, such as photoperiod, can be involved in the control of endodormancy release and flowering time, especially in late flowering cultivars.

A novel in vivo shoot regeneration system via callus in woody fruit tree Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghua Shi ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Jiurui Wang ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
Qiang Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Chinese Jujube ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba

scholarly journals Ornamental Jujube Cultivar Evaluation in the Southwestern United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-561
Author(s):  
Shengrui Yao ◽  
Robert Heyduck
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Tree Shape ◽  
Landscape Plants ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Dwarf Cultivar ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
Edible Landscape

All jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) cultivars can be used as fruit trees and in landscaping, but there are four striking ornamental cultivars in our collection: Dragon, Mushroom, So, and Teapot. These cultivars are decorative and can be used for fruit, tree shape, or both as edible landscape plants. We evaluated these four ornamental jujube cultivars in central and northern New Mexico. All four cultivars grew and produced well but performed differently. ‘So’, imported from China in 1914, was a productive and contoured cultivar with medium-sized, sweet/tart fruit and bushy trees, with a decorative tree shape in winter. ‘Dragon’, a recent import from China, was the most dwarf cultivar tested, with small fruit and gnarled trees, and suitable for four-season ornamental use in landscapes. ‘Mushroom’, another recent import from China, had the most decorative fruit shape among the four cultivars tested, with vigorous and productive plants. ‘Teapot’, also a recent import from China, had irregular fruit shapes and vigorous and productive plants. All four cultivars were good edible landscape plants depending on customers’ preferences and space availability/limitation.

A new species of gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) attacking jujube, Ziziphus jujuba in China

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4247 (4) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
KE-LONG JIAO ◽  
PEI-JIN HAN ◽  
MING-LU YANG ◽  
REN-CI XIONG ◽  
YUAN-HONG WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Ziziphus Jujuba ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Rolled Leaf

Dasineura jujubifolia Jiao & Bu, sp. nov., a gall midge feeding on jujube, Ziziphus jujuba Miller (Rhamnaceae), a fruit tree cultivated extensively in large areas of China, is described and illustrated based on specimens collected from Alar (Xinjiang, China). The new gall midge species causes rolled leaf galls on Ziziphus jujuba in Northwestern China. Brief notes on the biology of the jujube gall midge are given. 

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