Self-concealment in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Associations with symptom dimensions, help seeking attitudes, and treatment expectancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Wheaton ◽  
Lauren Sternberg ◽  
Kellie McFarlane ◽  
Aditi Sarda
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Help Seeking Attitudes ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Hoarding symptoms and prediction of poor response to limbic system surgery for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre F. Gentil ◽  
Antonio C. Lopes ◽  
Darin D. Dougherty ◽  
Christian Rück ◽  
David Mataix-Cols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Refractory

Object Recent findings have suggested a correlation between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom dimensions and clinical outcome after limbic system surgery for treatment-refractory patients. Based on previous evidence that the hoarding dimension is associated with worse outcome in conventional treatments, and may have a neural substrate distinct from OCD, the authors examined a large sample of patients undergoing limbic surgery (40 with capsulotomy, 37 with cingulotomy) and investigated if symptom dimensions, in particular hoarding, could influence treatment outcome. Methods Data from 77 patients from 3 different research centers at São Paulo (n = 17), Boston (n = 37), and Stockholm (n = 23) were analyzed. Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS; São Paulo) or Y-BOCS Symptom Checklist scores (Boston and Stockholm) were used to code the presence of 4 well-established symptom dimensions: forbidden thoughts, contamination/cleaning, symmetry/order, and hoarding. Reductions in YBOCS scores determined clinical outcome. Results Mean Y-BOCS scores decreased 34.2% after surgery (95% CI 27.2%–41.3%), with a mean follow-up of 68.1 months. Patients with hoarding symptoms had a worse response to treatment (mean Y-BOCS decrease of 22.7% ± 25.9% vs 41.6% ± 32.2%, respectively; p = 0.006), with no significant effect of surgical modality (capsulotomy vs cingulotomy). Patients with forbidden thoughts apparently also had a worse response to treatment, but this effect was dependent upon the co-occurrence of the hoarding dimension. Only the negative influence of the hoarding dimension remained when an ANOVA model was performed, which also controlled for preoperative symptom severity. Conclusions The presence of hoarding symptoms prior to surgery was associated with worse clinical outcome after the interventions. Patients with OCD under consideration for ablative surgery should be carefully screened for hoarding symptoms or comorbid hoarding disorder. For these patients, the potentially reduced benefits of surgery need to be carefully considered against potential risks.

Does GRIN2B gene influence obsessive-compulsive disorder risk, symptom dimensions and treatment response?

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 150-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biju Viswanath ◽  
Reshma Jabeen Taj MJ ◽  
Ravi Kumar Nadella ◽  
Tulika Shukla ◽  
Madhuri H. Nanjundaswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Response ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Risk Symptom ◽  
Disorder Risk

scholarly journals Amygdala activation and symptom dimensions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Via ◽  
Narcís Cardoner ◽  
Jesús Pujol ◽  
Pino Alonso ◽  
Marina López-Solà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fearful Faces ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Face

BackgroundDespite knowledge of amygdala involvement in fear and anxiety, its contribution to the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) remains controversial. In the context of neuroimaging studies, it seems likely that the heterogeneity of the disorder might have contributed to a lack of consistent findings.AimsTo assess the influence of OCD symptom dimensions on amygdala responses to a well-validated emotional face-matching paradigm.MethodCross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of 67 patients with OCD and 67 age-, gender- and education-level matched healthy controls.ResultsThe severity of aggression/checking and sexual/religious symptom dimensions were significantly associated with heightened amygdala activation in those with OCD when responding to fearful faces, whereas no such correlations were seen for other symptom dimensions.ConclusionsAmygdala functional alterations in OCD appear to be specifically modulated by symptom dimensions whose origins may be more closely linked to putative amygdala-centric processes, such as abnormal fear processing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document