scholarly journals Susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by flow cytometry analysis and characterization of novel lead drug molecule from Streptomyces species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Govindarajan ◽  
Mullick Priya ◽  
Babu Arulmani Samuel Raj ◽  
Pachaiyappan Saravana Kumar ◽  
Mysoon M. Al-Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Flow Cytometry Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Drug Molecule ◽  
Streptomyces Species

scholarly journals Characterization of Passage-Selected Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains of Diverse Parental Backgrounds

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Pfeltz ◽  
Vineet K. Singh ◽  
Jennifer L. Schmidt ◽  
Michael A. Batten ◽  
Christopher S. Baranyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vancomycin Mics ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Doubling Times

ABSTRACT A series of 12 Staphylococcus aureus strains of various genetic backgrounds, methicillin resistance levels, and autolytic activities were subjected to selection for the glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA) susceptibility phenotype on increasing concentrations of vancomycin. Six strains acquired the phenotype rapidly, two did so slowly, and four failed to do so. The vancomycin MICs for the GISA strains ranged from 4 to 16 μg/ml, were stable to 20 nonselective passages, and expressed resistance homogeneously. Neither ease of acquisition of the GISA phenotype nor the MIC attained correlated with methicillin resistance hetero- versus homogeneity or autolytic deficiency or sufficiency. Oxacillin MICs were generally unchanged between parent and GISA strains, although the mec members of both isogenic methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant pairs acquired the GISA phenotype more rapidly and to higher MICs than did their susceptible counterparts. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the GISA strains appeared normal in the absence of vancomycin but had thickened and diffuse cell walls when grown with vancomycin at one-half the MIC. Common features among GISAs were reduced doubling times, decreased lysostaphin susceptibilities, and reduced whole-cell and zymographic autolytic activities in the absence of vancomycin. This, with surface hydrophobicity differences, indicated that even in the absence of vancomycin the GISA cell walls differed from those of the parents. Autolytic activities were further reduced by the inclusion of vancomycin in whole-cell and zymographic studies. The six least vancomycin-susceptible GISA strains exhibited an increased capacity to remove vancomycin from the medium versus their parent lines. This study suggests that while some elements of the GISA phenotype are strain specific, many are common to the phenotype although their expression is influenced by genetic background. GISA strains with similar glycopeptide MICs may express individual components of the phenotype to different extents.

scholarly journals Study of Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern And Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Human And Animal Pyogenic Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayshree Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Sharad K. Yadav ◽  
Ritika Yadav ◽  
Vinod K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Animal Isolates

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus has been described as the most common cause of human and animal diseases and has emerged as superbug due to multidrug resistance. Considering these, a total of 175 samples were collected from pyogenic cases of humans (75) and animals (100), to establish the drug resistance pattern and also for molecular characterization of human and animal isolates. Thermonuclease (nuc) gene amplification was used to confirm all presumptive S. aureus isolates and then antibiotic sensitivity and slide coagulase tests were used for phenotypic characterization of isolates. Following that, all of the isolates were subjected to PCR amplification to detect the existence of the methicillin resistance (mecA) and coagulase (coa) genes. Lastly, typing was done by using the Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA-PCR. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in human and animal samples was found to be 39.4%. Drug sensitivity revealed the highest resistance against the β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (94.8%) and penicillin (90.6%), followed by cephalosporin (cefixime-67.7%) and quinolone (ciprofloxacin-52.1%) group of drugs. The drug sensitivity was the highest against antibiotics like chloramphenicol (95%) followed by gentamicin (90%). Among the 69 S. aureus isolates, the overall presence of MRSA was 40.5% (27.5% and 50% in human and animal isolates respectively). Total 33 isolates exhibited coa genes amplification of more than one amplicons and variable in size of 250, 450, 800, and 1100 bp. The RAPD typing revealed amplification of 5 and 6 different band patterns in humans and animals, respectively, with two common patterns suggesting a common phylogenetic profile.

scholarly journals Rapid Identification of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin Resistance by Flow Cytometry Using a Peptide Nucleic Acid Probe

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 3383-3385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin K. Shrestha ◽  
Nikole M. Scalera ◽  
Deborah A. Wilson ◽  
Byron Brehm-Stecher ◽  
Gary W. Procop
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Peptide Nucleic Acid ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Peptide Nucleic Acid Probe

scholarly journals Characterization of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken and human

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Ashraf Abd El-Tawab ◽  
Fatma Hofy ◽  
Sahar Mohamed ◽  
Sohila Amin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance

scholarly journals Epidemiology and microbiological characterization of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in a single healthcare region of the UK, 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. HORNER ◽  
L. UTSI ◽  
L. COOLE ◽  
M. DENTON
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Mupirocin Resistance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Resistance Rates

SUMMARYWe investigated the epidemiology and characterization of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus within the Yorkshire and Humber (YH) region in the UK. In July 2015, each laboratory within YH (n = 14) was assigned two consecutive days during which all clinical isolates of S. aureus were collected. Isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibilities and the presence of genes encoding methicillin resistance (mecA and mecC), Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) (lukS-PV), and efflux-mediated chlorhexidine resistance (qacA); isolates were also characterized by spa-types. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to chlorhexidine were determined by the broth dilution method. Of 520 isolates collected, 6·2% were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, all mecA-positive) and mupirocin resistance was low [0·8%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·3–2·0] and only found in MRSA. Carriage of the qacA gene was identified in 1·7% (95% CI 0·8–3·3) of isolates and 3·5% (95% CI 2·2–5·4) had a chlorhexidine MIC of 4 mg/l. The PVL gene was infrequent (3·7%, 95% CI 2·4–5·6). Genotyping identified 234 spa-types that mapped to 22 clonal complexes. Comparison of these current data with previous work suggest that the widespread use of staphylococcal decolonization regimens over the past decade or more has not had an adverse impact on resistance rates, PVL carriage or the prevalence of specific S. aureus lineages.

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