scholarly journals Diversity and chemical fingerprinting of endo-metabolomes from endophytes associated with Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand.-Mazz.) W. T. Wang possessing antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial pathogens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Li ◽  
Pachaiyappan Saravana Kumar ◽  
Quansheng Tan ◽  
Xuhui Tan ◽  
Mingyuan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chemical Fingerprinting ◽  
Ampelopsis Grossedentata

scholarly journals In-vitro antibacterial activity of Rhus javanica against multidrug-resistant uro-pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Bhavan Saud ◽  
T. Paudel ◽  
T. Sharma ◽  
M. Gyawali ◽  
G. Dhungana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern

Background and Objectives: Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major public health concern. From the ancient time in history, different plants and herbs have been known to have medicinal value. Rhus javanica has been found to show antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens, its antibiogram and effect of Rhus javanica in standard in-vitro condition against multidrug-resistant. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected patients visiting a clinic in Kalimati, Kathmandu, from July to December 2017. A total of 133 midstream urine samples were collected and cultured in MacConkey agar and Blood agar media and isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline. Leaves extract of Rhus javanica was obtained by maceration using 50.0% methanol and susceptibility testing was performed by using cork borer method in Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: Out of total 133 samples, 35.3%showed significant bacterial growth (i.e. 105 cfu/ml) on agar plate. The most predominant organism was Escherichia coli 17.3%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 6.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.0%, Proteus vulgaris 2.3%, and Staphylococcus aureus 2.3%. Out of 47 isolates, 53.2% were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Various concentrations of the crude extract used (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) showed susceptibility to all the bacterial pathogens isolated, with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 28 mm. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rhus javanica showed antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant isolates of bacterial uropathogens in standard in-vitro condition.

scholarly journals In-vitro Antibacterial activity of Rhus javanica Against Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern

Background and objective: Antibiotic resistance is emerging as a major public health concern. From the ancient time in history, different plants and herbs have been known to have medicinal value. Rhus javanica has been found to show antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, present study is designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection causing bacterial pathogens, its antibiogram and effect of Rhus javanica in standard in-vitro condition against multidrug-resistant. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted in urinary tract infection suspected patients visiting a clinic in Kalimati, Kathmandu, from August to October 2019. A total of 133 midstream urine samples were collected and cultured in MacConkey agar and Blood agar media and isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guideline. Leaves extract of Rhus javanica was obtained by maceration using 50.0% methanol andsusceptibility testing was performed by using cork borer method in Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: Out of total 133 samples, 35.3%showed significant bacterial growth (i.e. 105 cfu/ml) on agar plate. The most predominant organism was Escherichia coli 17.3%, followed by Enterococcus faecalis 6.8%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 3.8%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3.0%, Proteus vulgaris 2.3%, and Staphylococcus aureus 2.3%. Out of 47 isolates, 53.2% were Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Various concentrations of the crude extract used (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/ml) showed susceptibility to all the bacterial pathogens isolated, with the diameter of zone of inhibition ranging from 12 to 28 mm. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Rhus javanica showed antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant isolates of bacterial uropathogens in standard in-vitro condition.

Biochemical Composition, Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activities of Indian Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Mulat ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Archana Pandita
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Agar Disc

Background: Medicinal plants have been used for treatments of various health ailments and the practices as a remedial back to thousands of years. Currently, plant-derived compounds used as alternative ways of treatment for multidrug-resistant pathogens. Objective: In the present study, various parts of six medical plants such as Solanum nigrum, Azadirachta indica, Vitex negundo, Mentha arvensis, Gloriosa superba, and Ocimum sanctum were extracted for obtaining biological active constituents. Methods: Soxhlet method of extraction was used for obtaining crude extracts. Agar disc diffusion and 96-well plate spectroscopic reading were used to detect the extract’s antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Results: The obtained extracts were tested for antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties at 25 mg/mL concentrations. Maximum antibacterial activity was observed in O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE) against Staphylococcus aureus (24.33±1.52 mm), S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) against Salmonella Typhimurium (12.6 ± 1.5 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.0 ±2.0 mm). Only TUCE exhibited antibacterial activity at least a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.781 mg/mL. Better antibiofilm activities were also exhibited by petroleum extracts of G. superba (KAPE) and S. nigrum (MAPE) against Escherichia coli, S. Typhimurium, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Moreover, S. nigrum acetone extract (MAAC) and O. sanctum chloroform extract (TUCE) were showed anti-swarming activity with a reduction of motility 56.3% against P. aeruginosa and 37.2% against S. aureus. MAAC also inhibits Las A activity (63.3% reduction) in P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Extracts of TUCE, MAAC, MAPE, and KAPE were exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. GCMS identified chemical constituents are responsible for being biologically active.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Moroccan Zantaz Honey and the Influence of Its Physicochemical Parameters Using Chemometric Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4675
Author(s):  
Youssef Elamine ◽  
Hamada Imtara ◽  
Maria Graça Miguel ◽  
Ofélia Anjos ◽  
Letícia M. Estevinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Atlas Mountains ◽  
Methyl Syringate ◽  
Chemometric Tools

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has prompted the development of alternative therapies, including the use of natural products with antibacterial properties. The antibacterial properties of Zantaz honey produced in the Moroccan Atlas Mountains against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated and analyzed using chemometric tools. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against S. aureus were the lowest (112.5 ± 54.5 mg/mL), revealing that this species was most sensitive to Zantaz honey. P. aeruginosa showed an intermediate sensitivity (MIC= 118.75 ± 51.9 mg/mL), while E. coli was the most resistant to treatment (MIC = 175 ± 61.2 mg/mL). Content of monosaccharides, certain minerals, and phenolic compounds correlated with antibacterial activity (p < 0.05). Principal component analysis of physicochemical characteristics and antibacterial activity indicated that the parameters most associated with antibacterial activity were color, acidity, and content of melanoidins, fructose, epicatechin, methyl syringate, 4-coumaric acid, and 3-coumaric acid.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Human Amniotic Membrane against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Associated with Urinary Tract Infections: New Insights from Normal and Cancerous Urothelial Models

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Taja Železnik Ramuta ◽  
Larisa Tratnjek ◽  
Aleksandar Janev ◽  
Katja Seme ◽  
Marjanca Starčič Erjavec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent a serious global health issue, especially due to emerging multidrug-resistant UTI-causing bacteria. Recently, we showed that the human amniotic membrane (hAM) could be a candidate for treatments and prevention of UPEC and Staphylococcus aureus infections. However, its role against multidrug-resistant bacteria, namely methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has not yet been thoroughly explored. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the hAM homogenate had antibacterial activity against 7 out of 11 tested multidrug-resistant strains, the greatest effect was on MRSA. Using novel approaches, its activity against MRSA was further evaluated in a complex microenvironment of normal and cancerous urinary bladder urothelia. Even short-term incubation in hAM homogenate significantly decreased the number of bacteria in MRSA-infected urothelial models, while it did not affect the viability, number, and ultrastructure of urothelial cells. The hAM patches had no antibacterial activity against any of the tested strains, which further exposes the importance of the hAM preparation. Our study substantially contributes to basic knowledge on the antibacterial activity of hAM and reveals its potential to be used as an antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals 1293. Sulbactam-durlobactam is active against recent, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from the Middle East

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S662-S662
Author(s):  
Alita Miller ◽  
Sarah McLeod ◽  
Samir Moussa ◽  
Meredith Hackel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Spectrum Activity

Abstract Background The incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is increasing at an alarming rate in certain regions of the world, including the Middle East. Sulbactam (SUL) has intrinsic antibacterial activity against Ab; however, the prevalence of β-lactamases in Ab has limited its therapeutic utility. Durlobactam (DUR, formerly ETX2514) is a diazabicyclooctenone β-lactamase inhibitor with broad-spectrum activity against Ambler class A, C and D β-lactamases that restores SUL activity in vitro against MDR Ab. SUL-DUR is an antibiotic designed to treat serious infections caused by Acinetobacter, including multidrug-resistant strains, that is currently in Phase 3 clinical development. In global surveillance studies of &gt;3600 isolates from 2012-2017, the MIC90 of SUL-DUR was 2 mg/L. Although surveillance systems to monitor MDR infections in the Middle East are currently being established, quantitative, prevalence-based data are not yet available. Therefore, the potency of SUL-DUR was determined against 190 recent, diverse Ab clinical isolates from this region. Methods 190 Ab isolates were collected between 2016 - 2018 from medical centers located in Israel (N = 47), Jordan (N = 36), Qatar (N = 13), Kuwait (N = 42), Lebanon (N = 8), Saudi Arabia (N = 24) and United Arab Emirates (N = 20). Seventy-five percent and 20.5% of these isolates were from respiratory and blood stream infections, respectively. Susceptibility to SUL-DUR and comparator agents was performed according to CLSI guidelines, and data analysis was performed using CLSI and EUCAST breakpoint criteria where available. Results This collection of isolates was 86% carbapenem-resistant and 90% sulbactam-resistant (based on a breakpoint of 4 mg/L). The addition of SUL-DUR (fixed at 4 mg/L) decreased the sulbactam MIC90 from 64 mg/L to 4 mg/L. Only 3 isolates (1.6%) had SUL-DUR MIC values of &gt; 4 mg/L. This potency was consistent across countries, sources of infection and subsets of resistance phenotypes. Conclusion SUL-DUR demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against recent clinical isolates of Ab from the Middle East, including MDR isolates. These data support the global development of SUL-DUR for the treatment of MDR Ab infections. Disclosures Alita Miller, PhD, Entasis Therapeutics (Employee) Sarah McLeod, PhD, Entasis Therapeutics (Employee) Samir Moussa, PhD, Entasis Therapeutics (Employee)

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